Rating 12 of the most dangerous superbugs

You could never hear of such microorganisms as Baumann's Akinetobaktery, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or enterobacteria. But these three killers headed the official list of bacteria for which new drugs are urgently needed. It was compiled by the World Health Organization( WHO) and contains 12 bacteria and bacterial families. And the names from the top 3 are included in the critically dangerous category.

Rating the most dangerous super bacteria is not designed to scare people. This is a signal for researchers and pharmaceutical companies about what their priorities should be.

This is how a complete selection of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms ranked by priority of importance from medium to critical.

12. Pneumococci

Resistance: to penicillin

These bacteria can cause many types of diseases, including: pneumonia( inflammation of the le) infections of the ear and sinuses, meningitis( infection of the membranes of the brain and spinal cord), and carbuncle( blood infection).Pneumococcal bacteria spread through coughing, sneezing and close contact with an infected person.

11. Hemophilus rod

Resistance: to ampicillin

These microorganisms can cause infections in people of all ages, from the lungs, such as ear infections, to severe ones, such as bloodstream infections.

10. Shigella

Resistance: to the fluoroquinolone

This group of bacteria causes a disease called shigellosis. Most patients with shigellosis complain of diarrhea, fever and stomach cramps. Dysentery usually lasts from 5 to 7 days. Avoid this disease can be through frequent and thorough washing of hands with soap and hygiene.

9. Enterococcus fecium

Resistance: to vancomycin

Enterococci are part of the normal intestinal flora in a large number of mammals, and these microbes are currently used as indicators of

contamination by feces of water and food. These organisms are considered one of the main causes of nosocomial and infectious diseases due to the ability to survive in the environment and their internal resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Often cause infections of the urogenital organs.

8. Staphylococcus aureus

Stability: to methicillin, neutral and resistant to vancomycin

This pathogen causes a wide range of clinical infections. This is the leading cause of infective endocarditis, as well as skin and pleuropulmonary infections.

7. Helicobacter pylori

Resistance: to clarithromycin

In 2005, a link was established between this bacterium and the occurrence of gastric and intestinal ulcers. This microorganism, 3 microns in size, is the only one of its "counterparts" that can survive and reproduce in the acidic environment of gastric juice.

6. Campylobacter

Resistance to fluoroquinolone

The sixth place in the ranking of the most dangerous bacteria, immune to antibiotics, are microorganisms from the genus Campylobacter. They cause campylobacteriosis - an infectious disease accompanied by diarrhea, spasms, abdominal pain and fever. Diarrhea can be bloody and "supplemented" with nausea and vomiting. The disease usually lasts about a week

5. Salmonella

Resistance: to the fluoroquinolone

People infected with salmonella develop diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain 12 to 72 hours after infection. Most people recover without treatment after 4-7 days. Nevertheless, in some patients, diarrhea can be so severe that they have to be hospitalized.

4. Gonokoki

Resistance: to fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin

These bacteria should be "thanked" to those who developed gonorrhea. Well and still the sexual partner as the gonorrhea is transferred basically sexual by( other way of transfer - through personal things).

3. Baumann's Akinetobakteria

Resistance: to carbapenems

Acinetobacter baumannii - the most important member of the genus Acinetobacter - is one of the most dangerous pathogens for healthcare institutions around the world. It has the ability to rapidly acquire resistance to antibiotics, which makes it one of the most important superbugs that threaten the current antibiotic era. The most common infection caused by this microbe is hospital pneumonia.

2. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Stability: to carbapenems

A pathogen that affects patients with weak immunity. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known as the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis and as one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections

1. Enterobacteria, including Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, serrata and proteus

Stability: to carbapenems and strains producing beta-lactamase of extendedspectrum of action

Like the previous two participants in the list of the most dangerous bacteria of our time, enterobacteria belong to gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to many drugs. They are not widely spread, but cause serious, often fatal infections, especially in people with weakened immunity, for example, as a result of chemotherapy or organ transplantation. The most dangerous strains recently acquired resistance to a class of antibiotics called carbapenems. These were the only drugs that previously effectively killed enterobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Baumann's akinetobacteria.

One pathogen, resistant to antibiotics, was not included in the WHO compilation. It's about the mycobacterium tuberculosis. The problem of drug-resistant tuberculosis is well known, and the purpose of the WHO rating was to focus on threats that have not yet been widely recognized.