💦 How to organize a drain on the flat roof, from calculations prior to installation

Drain - an important part of the roofing system. Without it, your roof, and the house itself, quickly come into disrepair and will require major repairs. Stagnation of atmospheric moisture destroys roofing materialsAnd a direct hit of water on the walls leads to the violation of the integrity of facade. The theme of this material from HouseChief.ru - how to organize a drain on the flat roof so that to rid yourself from these problems. We learn the basics of proper design and practical recommendations for the installation and operation of two types of drainage systems.

Advantages and disadvantages of different materials for drainage

If you have a vacation home, the Proper organization of the drain - a very important task. With it, you can not only solve the problem of the safety of the structure, but also to use the melt and rain water for irrigation garden and vegetable garden.

All those involved in the installation of the drainage system in the first place there is a question of choice of materials for the construction. Manufacturers offer a metal or plastic elements. Each of these types has its pros and cons.

Plastic gutters for roof: pros and cons

Plastic is now confident oppresses many traditional construction materials, and it is not surprising. Its main advantage - resistance to corrosion processes, which is especially important in the case of direct contact with moisture. In addition, plastic drainage systems are not afraid to ultraviolet light, they do not respond to chemical exposure and that is very important for roof structureThey have a low weight.

Mount drain plastic snap. And finally a very important advantage of such a system: it does not rattle in the rain.

The disadvantages of PVC can be attributed to sensitivity to changes in temperature and a shorter lifetime as compared with metal counterparts.

Metal gutter system: pros and cons

In structures based on metal - aluminum, steel or copper. To preserve their coated polymeric film. It is considered to be the most durable copper - it can last for half a century, with it not afraid of any temperature changes.

Steel characterized by lower copper-life - only a hundred years, but they are also durable and are not afraid of extreme conditions. And last, aluminum gutters - light, but not as strong as steel and copper.

The disadvantage of all these systems is the common - their price is several times higher than that of PVC systems.

How to organize a drain on the flat roof: the system unit

Rainwater systems can differ not only in the manufacture of the materials, but also on the basis of everything. They are external and internal. Exterior design perfectly cope with roofs made of common roofing material: sheeting or slate and the sheet steel.

In this case, channels for drainage are not outside, but inside the building, and the moisture output through drains.

If we start from the installation technology, all the external systems require much less effort and skills, but to use it much more reliable internal systems.

What should be the roof for unorganized drainage

Theoretically, the roof can not have any sewage system, such a system is called unorganized. The main thing in it - the presence of a slope inclination. It is due to the inclination of the water spontaneously flows down from the surface. On the one hand, you do not need any additional costs on drainage design details and its installation. But on the other hand, lack of a comprehensive flow in tanks or sewers leads to washing away and destruction foundationAs well as possible damage to a building facade. Opting for unorganized drainage is justified only to the extent that the region has a rare and neobilnye precipitation, and the building has no more than 5 floors and the facade is not decorated with balconies and decorative elements.

Organized drains: operation

Guided rainwater systems, interior and exterior, is a system of gutters and pipes, task - drain water in the proper direction. The principle of operation of organized primitive gutter: water is collected on the roofIt falls into the gutter, and then flows down from the gutters to the sewers or pipes drainage system. Thanks to this principle, the moisture does not tempted foundation and splashes on the walls.

There are two main options organized gutter: internal and external gravitational having as gravity or vacuum-siphon structure.

Apparatus gravitational external system

This design - the leader among his own kind. It is so easy to install that even with some shortcomings will still function. The principle of its operation is simple: water flows into gutters that are inclined toward the outlet pipes. Then, from the gutters moisture is drained through the pipes into the receiver. Most effective in this regard, round pipes and troughs of PVC.

Apparatus inner siphon-vacuum system and gravitational

Siphon-vacuum system with an internal drain considered more progressive. Its operating principle lies in sucking water from the roof surface without air entrapment. Thus there is a vacuum effect, which allows the use of minimal number of diverters pipe with a small diameter.

How to choose the type of gutter

Selection of drainage system - not an easy task as it seems. There are many nuances that must be considered:

• in the south, where the water freezes on the roof is extremely rare, it is better to use an external drains;
• in temperate climates, if the house is not atticExternal drains are ineffective;

• north often water freezes and ice drifts can tear the outer pipe gutter. In these circumstances, external drains it makes sense to equip only in non-residential buildings without heating;
• the most reliable for houses with flat roofs are considered internal drains. Their downspouts They reside in the warmthSo that any ice plugs in them is not formed.

Fitting nuances drainage system on the flat roof

On the flat roof must still be a bias in at least 1-2 °, it is a prerequisite installation of drain pipes. As a rule, the drainage trough in the outer structure mounted on the rear wall, to which there is a slant.

Such a funnel can be placed not only in the middle of the roof, but also in the outer walls, at a distance of no more than 60 cm. If necessary, you can make a few reception funnels.

How to install external drains on flat roofs

Water drainage system of the roof, as any other construction needs in the calculation and design. It is with this and should start.

Calculations for the outer gutter system

There are general rules for drainage system from the roof of any size:

• a wall or hanging roof gutters slope angle should not be less than 15 °;
• the slope of the longitudinal trough makes not less than 2 °;
• height boards for gutters - no less than 12 cm;
• you can not do the distance between the drain pipe greater than 2 m;
• downspouts calculated from the dimensions of the roof. For each square meter of the roof should fall 1.5 cm² section of the pipe.

The area of ​​the roof is very easy to find - it is the task for the fifth-grader.

There are complex formulas for calculating the gutter, involving data on precipitation in the region. But you can greatly simplify the task. Take advantage of this algorithm that determines the minimum parameters:

Fundamentals of mounting external drainage for the roof with his hands: a master class

Illustration	Description of the action
	For the installation of their own hands metal gutters Roof gutter pick up pipe and the corresponding section. Besides them you need joints and corners, if any, on your roof. To connect the drain to the wall, still need to pick up the knee to the funnel.
	To make better use of fixing brackets for universal metal gutter. They can be bent at any angle corresponding to the slope of your roof.
	The diagram illustrates how should be positioned relative to the eaves trough.
	Bend the bracket tab at an angle corresponding to your ramp.
	Secure the bracket with the help of screws. Note that the system is more convenient to mount the gutter before the end of the installation of roofing material, so that it will not interfere.
	Brackets must be secured so that the slope of the chute to the receiving hopper is not less than 3 mm per meter.
	Secure the brackets around the chute at a distance of not more than 60 cm apart.
	In extreme gutter to mark and saw out the hole for the hopper.
	If your chute metallic, slightly bend the edge of the cut-out holes in the outer side.
	Attach the chute to the bracket via terminals or flexible tabs, set the funnel.
	Install the plug at the end of the chute.
	If you are installing internal or external corners, joints, the rubber-coated parts to be treated with silicone.
	The gap between the troughs with the compound should not be more than 2 mm.
	Install downspout elbow, which will send a drain close to the wall and secure it to the wall sleeve for installation of pipes.
	Install the drain pipe and close the coupling locks or screw terminals.

Video example of installation of drain pipes

There is another way of fixing gutters, and he clearly demonstrated in this video instructions on installation of drainage system:

Installation of drains on flat roofs with their own hands

Internal drainage - design is more difficult to install than the outer. It also requires careful calculations and has nuances of installation:

• risers internal drainage is usually placed in the area stairs or partitions between rooms;

• if the pipes are arranged inside the unheated rooms, it is necessary to provide them Heating via cable;
• If the building has a loft in it equips warmed line with a slope;
• risers should be provided for cleaning the windows in the event of clogging.

Calculation of domestic waterflow

For internal drainage is required by a receiving hopper for every 0.75 m² roof. The cross section tubes Photo - 1 cm on the same 0.75 m². Experts do not recommend to approach the risers drainage to the exterior walls, to avoid them freezing.

For roof area of ​​200 m² enough drain pipe 100 mm in diameter.

Installation of internal drainage system with their own hands: video course

Internal drain can be made independently, but if you are not confident in their abilities, it is better leave this to professionals. Video course on how to install an internal gutter with his own hands:

Common errors in the installation of gutters

That can disrupt the effectiveness of the system:

• fastening gutter to the roof after the laying of roofing material;
• errors in the calculation of cross sections of pipes and gutters;
• lack of bias when mounting the gutter;

• non-observance of the maximum distance between the brackets and couplings fastening pipes;
• ignoring the possible deformation of the material at temperature drops;
• incorrect selection of design elements.

Tip! Never disregard the recommendations of experts. Consult a professional before you start work.

How to operate the drainage system

To all design works perfectly, you must be sure to clean it as often as twice a year. This procedure is carried out without abrasives, better water from a hose or a soft brush or broom.

If the chute or tube formed tube of ice, to spill hot water system do not attempt to break the ice by mechanical means.

If you have any questions about the subject or have sensible additions, write about it in the comments!