Home of the containers with your hands 100 photo projects from shipping containers

For most people, the house of the containers associated with the simple cabins, temporary housing dacha. In fact, the construction can strike an unusual appearance, is directly dependent on the correctness of the project, the design concept. This type of construction is actively used in European and American countries for several decades. The former Soviet Union, he is just beginning to gain momentum.

Of reusable containers designed for the storage and transportation of various objects, you can build a multi-room, multi-storey buildings. With the continuous growth of real estate prices, this option would be a viable alternative to conventional buildings constructed of conventional materials. At the lowest cost of funds for construction work, you can get a functional, comfortable, cozy residential building.

History - How long were container buildings

Containers became popular after World War II. The first models that no content loading / unloading can be overloaded with transport by rail or sea, developed in the 1950s, Malcolm McLean. In April 1956, a trial transport, after which started container revolution has been carried out. Unlikely employed intended that his invention be used as a dwelling.

When and under what circumstances, began to apply the design for the construction of a dwelling house, can not be determined, the founder of the unknown. The first mention of the possibility of the use of products as a temporary housing found in the archives of the US Army, in a document of 1977. Later, in 1987, Philip Clarke has applied for a patent, an American architect offered to build a house of reusable packaging.

However, he popularized this type of construction, became the father of container architecture, Adam Kalkin. This is one of the most orthodox practitioners of architecture, who calls himself an artist. English graduate of Vassar College, studied architectural art in London. Containers started in 1992 in New Jersey, USA, and later formed his company, became known throughout the world.

Features homes of containers

Build construction of the modules under force everyone to do not even need special education. good enough to study the topic, understand the technology. Containers provide unlimited possibilities for creating interesting projects. The finished structure has a block structure may be welded or collapsible (convertible). Each element is replaced, it is impossible to present in a standard house.

Container construction can be used year-round and seasonally. In the construction of temporary housing does not require any documents. For the capital of residential buildings will have to issue a building permit.

The construction of reusable packaging is also called semi-finished housing. During the construction of a sketch created by selected different blocks that formed the structure. In the folded parts of cottage cut window and door openings, electricity is supplied thereto, plumbing communications, gas, which also need to obtain permission from the respective service, or use gas cylinders.

The main feature of any buildings built of this material is fixed, the size of a rectangular room. If the length can be adjusted by cutting the elements on the individual components, the height and width of the value is unchanged. Of course, applying the different sizes of models, it is easy to achieve a good result, but their diversity is low. And in the construction of permanent housing will have to use only options corresponding to the size of the existing building codes and state standards, otherwise the project will not be registered in the BTI.

Advantages and disadvantages

Houses built of sea freight or reusable containers, characterized by a number of significant advantages. One of the main advantages is the relatively low cost. For little money, you can buy ready-made unit, which will be a small house, a private bathroom, floor. Also, the building has the following positive features:

1. Strength. Due to this quality they are used in seismic areas, in places where there are hurricanes, tornadoes and other natural disasters.
2. Low weight. Product weight is negligible, so no major foundation required for installation.
3. The rate of construction work. The construction of the house does not take a lot of time, even the most complex designs can be completed within 2-3 months, including external and internal finishing.
4. Mobility. If necessary, residential building can be dismantled and reassembled, transported to another location.
5. Innovation and creativity. Original design favorably with their appearance.
6. Durability. With proper care, periodic maintenance, the house will stand for a long time.
7. Versatility and practicality. Units can be combined with other building elements, include them in the projects of concrete, brick, wood buildings.
8. Protection against unwanted fauna. In a sealed container will not penetrate the insects and rodents.
9. Extension possibilities. At any time, you can increase the living space, add a new module.

When choosing such an option should take into account the drawbacks of him. The main disadvantages are:

1. Toxicity. Elements intended for the transport of goods, treated with chemicals that provide surface protection from adverse weather conditions. It is necessary to remove toxic layer.
2. Fixed parameters. You can not change the height of the ceiling, the width of the interior space.
3. Coefficient of thermal conductivity. The metal is heated very quickly and retains heat. It will take a very good thermal insulation.
4. Tightness. The material is not breathable, not "breathe". For a comfortable stay should organize a high-quality ventilation.
5. Corrosion. To extend the life of the need to constantly examine the state of the surface to remove various defects.
6. Technical condition. It is difficult to find the container in the secondary market, which would be consistent with the requirements, do not have significant flaws.
7. Seasonality. Most of the projects are not intended for year-round residence. Low cost options are not suitable for the comfortable existence of a complete family.

Cost and construction costs

The cost of construction of semi-finished building is much cheaper than standard housing. It depends on various factors. It includes a number of points:

• purchase of land;
• Drafting;
• dealing with construction permits in the construction of capital facilities;
• planned area of ​​housing, the number of living rooms, floors;
• the cost of building materials and transportation;
• recruitment of special equipment for installation, construction crews;
• execution of utility.

Price main cell may be different. For the purchase of a new product will require more money than on B / C model. Also take into account the technical condition of the subject, the place of sale, for example, in the port cities can buy cheaply. Pricing depends on the type of product, its basic parameters.

Transportation costs can be comparable with the cost of the container. But the biggest investments accounted for the purchase of building materials and compensation of employees. At erection of a good, suitable for permanent living at home, do not skimp on insulation, insulation require additional investments.

Costs for the construction of container buildings will be 30-50% lower than for the construction of houses made of traditional materials.

What containers are used for construction of houses

For the construction of houses using any model designed for cargo transportation. Some are suitable for the organization of the living rooms, others for resettlement transitions, hallway, bathroom. However, the choice is limited. Manufacturers produce a certain number of products regulated ISO 668 standard. Existing embodiments are given in the table below:

Classification ISO	1 EE	1 EEE	1A	1AA	1AAA	1B	1BB	1BBB	1C	1CC
Standard name, foot, Standard (S), High cub (h.c.)	45	40	30	20
S	h.c.	S	h.c.	S	h.c.	S
external dimensions
Length m	13.716	12.192	9.125	6.058
Length inches	45’0”	40’ 0”	29’ 11.25”	19’ 10.5”
Width m	2,438
Width, inches	8’ 0”
Height, m	2.591	2.896	2.438	2.591	2.896	2.438	2.591	2.896	2.438	2.591
Height, inches	8’ 6”	9’ 6”	8’ 0”	8’ 6”	9’ 6”	8’ 0”	8’ 6”	9’ 6”	8’ 0”	8’ 6”
Inner dimensions
Length m	13.542	11.998	8.931	5.867
Length inches	44’ 5.15”	39’ 4.375”	29’ 3.6”	19’ 3”
Width m	2.330
Width, inches	7’ 73”
Height, m	2.350	2.655	2.197	2.350	2.655	2.197	2.350	2.655	2.197	2.350
Height, inches	7’ 8.5”	8’ 8.5”	7’ 2.5”	7’ 8.5”	8’ 8.5”	7’ 2.5”	7’ 8.5”	8’ 8.5”	7’ 2.5”	7’ 8.5”

House plans and types of planning

With containers you can build a creative, unique lodge that will satisfy all the requirements of the owner, a surprise from neighbors, passers-by. Create a project, perform layout of rooms under the force to carry out his own hands or to seek help from experts, download ready-made schemes in the network.

Depending on the function, purpose, financial capacity can be built residential building even a single module. When using multiple blocks will complete housing. Of these, you can build structures in one, two, three floors, which are suitable for seasonal use and for permanent residence. If desired, one can attach a veranda.

Due to the versatility of these elements, they are sometimes combined with standard building materials, are used as component parts of traditional home. Demonstrating imagination, carefully designed, even with minimum investment will be able to erect a building that would be enough functional and attractive. For clarity, let us consider a few examples of finished buildings.

House from a large container

One large 40 or 45 - foot container is possible to build a small house. However, we must remember that its internal area, not including trim, will be 31.55 m² and 27.95 m² respectively. Such a structure is more suitable to give, as a guest option. On a regular basis it can accommodate single people, families without children and pensioners.

The area is comparable to a one-room apartment. When planning the interior space can be used examples of arrangement of the studio apartments. There will a kitchen, bathroom, equipped with a place to rest. With proper planning, the use of zoning in the same room is possible to organize different functional areas, to allocate space for the living room, work area, bedroom.

House of the small container

Having established on the site of 20, 30-foot blocks, you can get a tiny housing, an area of ​​13.67 m² and 20.81 m². To organize the living space in this case is much more complicated. We'll have to save on everything - in combination bathroom to use the shower, the kitchen is also It must be reduced, to allocate to the place it near a bathtub, as close as possible to the sanitary Communications.

At the organization of the room should consider the use of transforming furniture. Install the bed, which can be hidden in a niche. The walls can be arranged shelves, lockers for storage of various items. The living room is better to combine with a dining area, a bedroom with a cabinet. To visually increase the space on the partition walls and the ceiling to put a mirror.

House of the containers with external staircase

Variant with an external staircase is often used in the organization of huts set on top of each other. Likewise, you can build a country house only for seasonal use, as in the winter will be difficult to move between floors, permanently down to the kitchen. This method saves interior space, reduces the cost of construction.

Place containers in two ways: in one direction, perpendicularly. The second method is more practical. With this arrangement, the bottom equipped with a small terrace on top - a balcony. Some owners of such structures even manage to use the roof, extending the flight of stairs to the top. Here they equip a place for recreation, admission to the outdoor cooking.

Garden house from containers

Small house in the country is used for storing garden tools, comfortable vacation spot in the summer. The main feature - a combination of compactness and functionality. On the construction can save well, since in most cases, this construction does not require high-quality insulation, serious organization of the heating system. Enough to hold utilities, perform an attractive finish.

For the construction of holiday options enough of a container. With proper planning, it is possible to allocate the area for leisure, cooking and eating, a separate area for the location of the utensils needed when caring for a small vegetable garden or garden. Some people are accustomed to the comfort of using the garden for leisure, can without any problem to build a more functional structure of two or more modules.

House with workshop of sea containers

With a little imagination, using reusable containers, you can organize a small workshop equipped for specific tasks. This model is suitable for people involved in shoemaking, sewing, carpentry, plumbing trade. For these purposes, isolated as a unit, and a separate part. The main thing - all tools should be stored carefully in a designated area, the availability of space for activities.

The simplest design consists of two separate modules. One of them is used as a dwelling, the second - for household needs. When the work area is allocated to one part racks and shelves, provide a corner cleaning tools, it is disposed in the waste box. Carefully think through and select an area for storing blanks, finished, repaired items. Along the perimeter of the walls hang the wall cabinets. Particular attention is paid to the work area.

One-storey house of the containers

The main feature of such a structure is that all living rooms are rectangular. And this will not change if the organization of internal space based on the regulations. According 02.31.2001, SNP 2.08.01-89 and later editions, kitchen area must be - 6 m², bedroom - 8 m², living area - 12 m², so the internal width of 2.33 m square room unacceptable.

Build a one-storey building can be of different sizes. When connecting several unit receives a sufficiently large building suitable for high-grade families. A great disadvantage by dividing one container for several function rooms, will be their passage location, with the exception of the compartments, the entrance to which is located in the center of the long side.

A two-storey house made of container

With proper planning, the use of high-quality finishes, you can create an attractive and functional house consisting of two floors. It can accommodate families consisting of different generations. However, it depends on its size, the number of blocks used in construction. Separately, care must be taken on the organization of a flight of stairs, according to SNIP 2.08.01-89 p. Table 1.24. 3, it should be not less than 1.05 m in width, and the corridor - 1.4 m.

The simplest embodiment of a two-story construction design represents two containers set on one another. At the first tier of a kitchen and dining room, bathroom, boiler room, take out the second dwelling. When using more than two units may be provided having multiple bedrooms, study, children, the other functional zones.

Terraced house of two containers

Organize terrace structure with two containers in several ways: make one-story structure with a T-shaped arrangement of the elements, put perpendicular to the two modules Each other. In the first case, get an outdoor area, based on the building from two sides, in the second - partially or completely located under the roof, which is adjacent to only one side.

Traditional extension made of wood, with wooden decking and fencing. For the flooring is best to use a special decking, which is characterized by long service life. Post construction is recommended to the south, south-west side, its size depends on the size of the residential buildings. The design should match the home decor.

stages of construction

First of all you must purchase one or more containers. They should be sure to check for radiation, because it is in such containers are collected remnants of harmful radiations. They must be free of dents and other defects. necessary to draw up a detailed project plan major works before the beginning of the containers home installation. It is necessary to determine in advance the size and number of modules if it is home to a large family.

Foundation

Construction of the foundation - the very first and important step in the construction. Installation on the simple ground is impossible, since the heavy container will contribute to a strong land subsidence. In winter, the floors are cold, finishing materials be frozen.

When choosing a foundation option, you must take into account the size of the future home terrain. If this is a common cabins for temporary residence in the summer, it will be quite a few of the foundation blocks. In the pre-preparation of the base it needs a residential building of several floors. This is usually used reinforced strip foundation. In areas with waterlogged soil can not do without piles.

reliable basis functions can be performed only solid foundation. To pull it first trench and filled with a mixture of cement, sand and water. For greater strength add various hardeners.

a ready-made mixture can be used for pouring the foundation. In this case, you need to make a reinforcing cage in the drawing, set the formwork, pour a solution. Seal concrete to help special vibrating tools.

Protection against corrosion and weathering

Any metal design (small cabins, two-story house) is subject to corrosion. She is in constant contact with the external environment - the sun, water, wind. Inaction at the first signs of the disease will lead to disastrous consequences.

Problem zone will grow, gradually worsening the functional characteristics of the entire structure. Structural damage to lose an attractive appearance, will be dangerous for the residents. Protect it in several ways:

1. Padding. All exterior surfaces are treated with special enamel, which fills the cracks, chips and protects the metal;
2. The correct choice of the place of installation. It is better to build an elevated structure for an artificial or shaft to minimize contact with the ground;
3. The polymeric coating. Prolongs the service life of the container twice, repels moisture;
4. Galvanizing. The exterior walls and the roof of galvanized sheets sheathe for reliable protection of the structure.

Installing modules

After pouring the foundation necessary to wait at least 25 days. When the concrete is ripe you can begin to install the containers. This would require recourse to the crane. Installed modules it is necessary to bond with each other with iron corners, rectangular pipes using welding machine, gasoline generator.

container space is divided into zones by means of sheets of plasterboard according to the layout. At the same stage cut through windows and doors. Using modular units of different sizes, it is possible to build the author's building with an unusual design.

the roof device

Containers of all types have overlapping, but they can not be considered complete roof. roofing is conducted as usual. The roof can be made of sheet metal, Ondulin, wood. Material is selected depending on the ideas and the overall home design. Installation takes place in several stages:

1. frame assembly of the timber. Wide boards bonded to each other via plumbing bolts screwed to the container with screws;
2. Installing the rafters. The length of the boards should be sufficient to eliminate the need for splicing. Attach rafters and screws;
3. Installation of battens. To operate using six-meter boards, which are then covered with insulation film;
4. Laying of galvanized sheets. You should always provide space for ventilation.

Exterior insulation of buildings

Sea containers because structural features and the type of material passed good sound and do not retain heat. House such modules must be carefully insulated from the outside. External insulation is much more effective internal as eliminates heating metal. To achieve the best result possible, if at the same time to use both.

Paneling from the street doing with the help of a professional flooring, siding, wood and other methods. Board materials fastened to the wooden crate with screws. The space between the container wall and the decorative finish can be filled with mineral wool, to fill foam.

Utilities: electricity, gas, water and heating

Comfort accommodation depends on the availability and characteristics of engineering communications. Proper design and quality installation can help extend the life of the house, to reduce the number of accidents.

Engineering Systems - one of the most important and costly components of any structure. At the planning stage are taken into account ways of laying pipes and cables and the necessary equipment, the type of installation. To carry out works laid a certain amount, which is 25-50% of the total planned cost of construction. For normal functioning of the house need to make the following communication:

• Electricity. Wires paving through special channels that are allowed by the inner walls.
• Gas. Conducting possible in close proximity of the pipeline.
• Water pipes. You need to make their own well or to connect to the system, the nearest town;
• Heating. More likely to use a fireplace, a metal furnace.

home Ventilation

Usually make two vents, located opposite each other. With the end of the container tube crashed and outputting the roof. Thus, air flow will be. On the other hand we do release, install the fan and hood.

For the area of ​​the trailer is fairly instrument 100 mm in diameter. You should also install the control valves. two tributaries of the ends can be done, and in the middle of the hood. Selecting depends on the temperature outside, the number of living and other factors.

Internal insulation and finishing

In the initial finishing step is carried out insulation walls. Then mounted decorative surfaces, hold plastering, painting. Insulate the container from the inside in several ways:

• Thermal insulation with polyurethane foam. Spraying material protects the metal from corrosion. Thick layer of foam is not breathable, protects against noise;
• Styrofoam plates. Foam with dense structure can be mounted directly to the metallic walls or to lay in crates cell;
• Insulation mineral wool. Material placed on the mounting foam. Then packed crate for further mounting plasterboard, plywood.

Frame with insulation can be closed by any material. Suitable wall paneling, drywall. Joints sheets glued construction bandage, then color the entire surface of the aqueous emulsion paint based latex.

for design ideas - in which style is better to issue

Home of the containers are not limited to the owners in the choice of style, architectural solutions. This design is more suitable modern design - high-tech, modern, loft. Interestingly will look at home with large windows, sliding glass doors.

Original look cottages built in the rustic style. External, Wooden fills the room with warmth and comfort, plus brings with nature. Wood siding conceals any hints of a metal frame.

conclusion

Houses made of block-container - a functional and attractive buildings, which are very popular in many countries around the world. Using individual blocks can be built residential building budget suitable for seasonal and year-round. This model will be indispensable as a holiday option, guest house, full of housing for families with children consisting of several generations.