Fixing of structural elements by means of various products - nails, screws, metal clips and other things. But special attention enjoys special fasteners - fungi for insulation fittings. Below we will look at all kinds of such products, methods for their installation on various types of insulation, and much more that has to do with this type of fastener.
What is fixing fungus
The product consists of a two-piece hollow leg (sleeve) and a wide flat hats, and their appearance resembles a mushroom, hence the name of this fixture - a fungus, umbrella. Due to the wide umbrella insulating material is securely attached to the vertical or horizontal plane of the building structure.
The stem has a hollow core, where a special plug is inserted. The bottom of the legs equipped on the spacer protrusions "ruff" type, which are disposed on either side of the cut along the vertical leg. Due to such structural features of the product, it can be expanded in the body structure, securely engage tapered projections of structural fiber base material. The dowel is inserted into a leg through the hole in the cap and screwed into the supporting structure. The functions of the umbrella-hats do not give a fixing element to pass through the loose material of insulation, while distributing the load on his plane.
The design of the fastening element there are a few, but they are all designed to perform only one function - to keep the loose insulation material in a predetermined position. Typically, the cap is made of polypropylene, the core is made of galvanized steel. It found small parts for super-soft insulation, where umbrellas are made of nylon, which are called rondolyami.
There are broadening washer, which increase the product contact area and heat-insulating material, thereby keeping its structure intact.
Products having a hat made of plastic in the form of an umbrella, is ideal for mounting the foam, and various types of mineral wool, expanded polystyrene foil, Penoplex, glass and slag wool.
Manufactured by modern technologies, such fasteners has a sufficiently high technical performance.
Functionality fasteners
Fungus for fixing the insulation is often used in harsh environments. Therefore, the plastic parts and the metal core must have specific technical properties:
- mechanical strength;
- resistant to ultraviolet radiation and corrosive environment;
- load capacity of the insulation weight, depending on its type and the type of finishing;
- low thermal conductivity;
- transferring sharp temperature change;
- have high adhesiveness to the base material surface.
Durability of the fungus and dowel must be such that when it is screwed or driven into the hole wall, ceiling, roof with their insulation, these elements are not destroyed.
UV resistance is required, when the walls lined with insulation, dowels fixed-umbrellas, long stay in the sun. Products must also be well maintained in a layer of plaster, insulation of facades held when wet, that is, to maintain an alkaline environment, and it does not rust. Therefore, the core and is made of galvanized steel.
The load of the weight of the insulation, though not as big as other types of building materials, but yet sufficient, if for example, take into account the area insulated facade with the subsequent plastering. If the attachment is produced by fungi, the latter shall withstand not only the weight of the insulation, but also the cement slurry.
The low thermal conductivity of the material from which the dowel is made mushroom-shaped, prevents the formation at the point of passage through the layer of heat insulation cold bridge. The product must not collapse under the influence of positive and negative temperatures, which sometimes It happens with low quality plastics that can be used for manufacturing the cap fasteners. Fungi must have good adhesion to the material of the walls, ceilings, insulation itself. After part of the core must be in the basic design of the body, holding the insulation on weight and mushroom cap while glueing the reinforcement mesh by a heater connected thereto together.
Types of fasteners for insulation
Plugs are used to mount different types of insulation, are divided on the material of manufacture and its construction. Dowel for heat insulation may be a plastic and steel, as well as equipped with a thermal head. besides plastic umbrellas are divided into:
- polypropylene;
- nylon.
Have differences of these products and the method of attachment, when the core is screwed in to warm the surface, and when a clogged a hammer.
Features plastic fasteners
Products made of propylene different from all the others that have conical holes in an umbrella, promoting better adhesion of the product with a heater. Nylon fasteners called - rondoli, are used to fix the light and soft materials.
Similar products manufactured from high strength polypropylene, polyamide or nylon. The main advantage of these fungi is:
- good resistance to aggressive environments;
- low cost;
- reduced thermal conductivity, whereby cold bridges are created;
- ability to withstand considerable temperature differences;
- Operating duration - they do not rust and will not rot;
- can withstand a load of about 400 kg / m2.
Plastic molds can be used when attaching insulation to concrete and masonry walls. Among the shortcomings noted after the inability to produce insulation finishing material surfaces with high specific gravity.
Fastening of the metal - the advantages and disadvantages
The core of such a product made of galvanized steel or, in rare cases, of a polyamide, is inserted in a polypropylene sleeve, having the bottom of the strut. Its dimensions are superior to other models of fungi. But also the ability to withstand high loads - to 750 / m 2, which allows any finishing materials, such as light and heavy. Among the shortcomings noted the following:
- high price;
- forming a field input to the base metal core surface bridging cold condensate;
- poor resistance to moisture, which may occur due to rusty spots on the surface of the plaster.
Fasteners with a thermal head
Fungi represent the thermal head with a metal core which is covered with solid polyamide. The upper part is equipped with a metallic nail plastic part, which excludes the formation of cold bridges at the points of passage of fasteners. These products are mostly used during the warming of the wooden structures. All the advantages inherent in the metal and plastic mold, apply to the fixture with thermal head, except for the price, which is significantly exceeds the cost of the rest of the fasteners this type.
How to Install insulation plugs-fungi
Before you begin to lay the insulation, it is necessary to calculate the required number of fasteners and their length for entry and the thickness of heat insulator core 5 cm into the material warms design.
Calculating the number and length of the dowels
The number of fasteners is determined depending on the selected circuit location dowels.
In the first embodiment, it is assumed to consume 6 products per square meter of insulation. In this case, 4 pcs nail fastened in the corners of the sheet or mat, departing from the edge of 5-7 cm, the others spaced evenly down the middle.
According to the second embodiment of installation plugs is made in place of convergence of several insulation plates. Thus one umbrella keeps the right edge of the four mats of mineral wool or foam plates. One fixing element is mounted on the center of the heater. Such an option would be the most economical, permitting umbrella sizes.
Most fasteners have to be installed at the corners of buildings, if the insulated façade, and on top, because there is a large wind load.
It is recommended to use the anchors 7 to insulate 1m2 area, if the building exceeds the height of 8 meters, and 9, if the structure has a height of 20 meters or more. Thus it is necessary to increase the number of fungi on the corner portions of the facade.
Phased insulation technology using a fastener in the form of fungi
Before you start to mount insulation fungi, it is necessary to lay a vapor barrier material, which in addition to its direct function can act as an additional mounting plates or mineral wool products foam.
The entire installation process consists of several simple steps:
- The surface is marked for drilling holes for the cores of calculating pitch distance of 0.8 m in the horizontal and 0, 3 m vertically.
- Thereafter, the insulation in the wall and made holes Ø 1 cm, the depth of which is greater than the length of the legs 0.5 - 1 cm. The diameter of the drill must match the thickness of the legs.
- Plastic sleeve by hand, without the use of a hammer is inserted into the opened braid. Next, the core already inserted into the sleeve and is driven into the base surface of the stop. The central part of closed umbrella special protective cover.
When you use expansion goals, the latter are mounted on a plastic sleeve to the core assembly.
Before laying the insulation is installed starting strip at the bottom of the wall that will support the insulation to its own weight it will not slide down.
In the case of mounting a heater in the adhesive installation fungi produce after drying the adhesive solution. The joints between the individual elements are sealed with foam insulation or foiled tape when assembling is performed Penoplex, foam and other similar materials.
The main essence of the article
Insulation of building constructions, building facades will be efficient and durable, if it is decided to use the fasteners for thermal insulation in the form of a dowel-fungi. You need to know their installation technology, to be able to calculate the length of the product, and the number of fasteners.
