Garden and vegetable garden planning: arrangement options, zoning rules and plant selection

You can make a suburban area beautiful taking into account the practical use of the land. The planning of the vegetable garden and garden is carried out taking into account the peculiarities of the soil, the location of the cardinal points. On the territory free of beds and fruit trees, places for recreation are arranged, outbuildings are placed.

When starting planning a vegetable garden or garden, it is important to understand what exactly you want to see on your site.

Planning rules or how to plan a vegetable garden

Before drawing up a detailed plan, it is advisable to decide on the type of layout. Adherents of strict lines and forms prefer regular planning. Trees and shrubs are planted in even rows, beds and flower beds are made in the form of geometric shapes. Tracks are laid in the same way. The voids are filled with a lawn.

It is necessary to start planning with a plot diagram, on which the location of buildings, paths and zones allocated for the garden and vegetable garden should be noted

First of all, you need to decide on the place for the garden and the size of the allotted area

There is a landscape, close to the natural style, the layout of a garden plot and a vegetable garden, how to draw up a garden plan, is decided based on the features of the relief. Garden and horticultural crops are combined with ornamental plants and herbs. In terms of planting at the summer cottage, they provide for vegetables, fruit and stone fruit trees, berry bushes. Many of them can be used as decorative items.

The sunniest place is allocated for the beds, without shading on the south side

The length of the beds can be arbitrary, but the width is such that you can reach the middle of the bed with your hand

There are no standards for the ratio of the area of ​​the garden and the garden to the area of ​​the site, it all depends on the needs of the owners of the site.

When arranging a garden, you should not mindlessly copy someone else's experience, but you should know some general principles

It is important to follow the basic rules:

1. The vegetable garden is placed on a flat, warm place away from trees and tall buildings.
2. Trees are planted on the north side so as not to cast a shadow on the vegetable plantings.
3. Berry bushes are used for zoning the territory, hedges.
4. A breakdown of flower beds and flower beds is allowed between the beds.

With the correct arrangement of the beds and fruit trees, it will be possible to get a harvest and create a harmonious landscape design.

For cold climates, a greenhouse is not a luxury, but a necessity

Nowadays, it has become fashionable to arrange a decorative garden, in which vegetable crops also perform decoration functions.

When choosing plants for joint planting, it is necessary to take into account their likes and dislikes.

Dividing the territory into zones

A rectangle for a garden and a vegetable garden, of course, is easier to plan than a triangular or trapezoidal plot, a rhombus, put on a slope. But even the most problematic area can be turned into a cozy landscape composition if you are creative in design.

Dividing the site into zones will help to correctly distribute the territory

Knowing the canons of zoning, you can independently plan a vegetable garden of 4 acres, 6, 8 or 12 for planting, the scheme provides for several main zones.

When zoning a territory, it is important to take into account the cardinal points, prevailing winds and features of neighboring areas

The front room occupies 6–8%, it can be seen immediately, the main decorative load falls on this territory. It is recommended to make a rock garden or rockery with a minimum of green spaces, use vertical landscaping, border planting along footpaths.

The front zone is the face of the site, on which the first impression of the owners of the house depends.

Gardening zone - a place for planting useful crops, placement of greenhouses, greenhouses. Usually takes up to 75% of the area of ​​the site, the sunniest sites are chosen. Fruit trees can be placed closer to the seating area to create a pleasant shade. Berry trees are planted at the borders to ennoble the landscape. It is better to provide for longline planting - in the background - tall trees, then shrubs. In the foreground, when planning the beds, they are combined with flower beds, lawns.

It is necessary to select varieties of fruit trees and shrubs taking into account local climatic conditions

For the successful cultivation of garden crops, fertile soil is needed. If the soil on the site is bad, you will have to import black soil, plant green manure and apply mineral fertilizers

Household buildings are best placed in low-lying areas, hidden in the shade of trees, behind border plantings, green hedges. The recreation area and playground occupy from 10 to 15% of the site. Even in a small area, you can plan a functional cozy place with a barbecue, garden furniture, a gazebo, a swing. Having decided on the proportions, they move on to the details. How fruit trees and shrubs are correctly positioned in the garden on the diagram can be seen in the selection of photos.

Farm buildings are usually located in the most inconvenient places for garden crops.

A recreation area with a gazebo or pergola is placed in the depths of the site away from the roadway

The playground should be clearly visible from anywhere on the site

Mixed style of territory decoration

Arbitrary planning of a vegetable garden and a garden is a budget option for landscape design without strict zoning. Ideal for a site with uneven terrain, a variety of outbuildings in different places.

Mixed styling works equally well for small and large areas

First, they mark the buildings on the plan, shade the shady areas. For cultural plantings, sunny areas of the territory are used; on the rest, paths are laid, flower-stone compositions, lawns are made. Achieve the rational use of all corners of the site, combining garden plantings with decorative ones. Useful crops are harmoniously woven into the design of the site, give a good harvest.

With a mixed layout, plants are planted according to a previously thought out scheme, but not in a strict order, but in groups, combining fruit trees and shrubs with ornamental vegetation

What are the best trees to plant?

Trees create a special atmosphere of comfort and color. The location of fruit and stone fruit trees depends on the groundwater level. Crops need good drainage, space for root growth, and ample light. They will not grow in lowland and flooded places.

Fruit crops are selected taking into account their further growth and the need for pollination

When planting low-growing berry bushes, take into account their need for sunlight

There is a standard set of fruiting zoned crops; apple, pear, plum, cherry trees are chosen from this list (they grow throughout Russia). In the middle lane, apricot bears fruit, mulberry grows, sea buckthorn grows in the Urals and Siberia. Conifers of trees and shrubs always look advantageous.

Selection of ornamental plants

Berry bushes are chosen in terms of yield and decorativeness. Gooseberries, currants are suitable for border and zone planting, hawthorn, red bird cherry, chokeberry - for hedges. Barberry, honeysuckle tolerate haircut well. Raspberries and blackberries are placed along the fence, along the boundaries of the site, or in rows near outbuildings. Cornel, irgu, viburnum, red-leaved apple trees are planted as ornamental plants.

For a small area, it is better to select unpretentious plants that can fulfill a dual role. For example, barberry - on the one hand, it is a beautiful ornamental plant, and on the other hand, it is a joy for culinary experts and connoisseurs of traditional medicine.

Dwarf apple and pear trees - another practical solution for a small area

When planning a vegetable garden, beds, plantings, the design takes into account the compatibility of plants, the biological characteristics of crops, the requirements of agricultural technology: the frequency of watering, the requirement for lighting.

Planting a variety of plants on the site will allow you to enjoy an attractive view throughout the year

You need to plan landscaping for the entire season. Perennial flowers are added as annuals, taking into account the flowering period, so that there are flowers in different parts of the plots throughout the season. In the front area, shrubs are placed that change the color of the leaves in the fall. Unpretentious crops are placed in hard-to-reach places that require care - in a free access zone. Cultures combine compositionally, coniferous crops - with deciduous ones.

Do not forget about ornamental plants, which play an important role in the general atmosphere of the garden area.

Options for planning a garden and a vegetable garden on a site with diagrams, photos of the best design solutions are presented in the selection. Other people's works inspire to embody their own ideas.

Video: Site planning rules from an expert

Photo: A selection of successful planning solutions