Two-storey house - a building of prestige. it fashionable, beautiful and practical. But for urban residents is home - a dream number one. Today we will focus on how to properly make plans two-storey houses. We have prepared a lot for you model projects and recommendations for their improvement.
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- 1 Distinctive features two-storey cottages
- 1.1 Pros houses with two floors
- 1.2 disadvantages dvuhetazhek
- 2 Challenges to be faced
- 3 The choice of material for the construction of
- 3.1 Everything is new - well forgotten old: wood
- 3.1.1 Frame construction
- 3.1.2 Log houses and their features
- 3.2 brick fortress
- 3.3 Structure of aerated concrete
- 3.4 Houses on metal
- 3.1 Everything is new - well forgotten old: wood
- 4 How to plan a two-storey house
- 4.1 Ground floor plan
- 4.2 Plan of the second floor
- 4.3 The combination of space in the projects of two-storey houses
- 5 The house with an attic
- 6 Photo projects two-storey houses with garage
- 7 Veranda in the two-story house
- 8 Plans for two-storey houses: standard or customized?
- 8.1 The house 9 9 and its variants
- 8.2 two-storey house plan 10 to 10 meters
- 8.3 Project House, 7 by 7 meters
- 8.4 Tips on planning home 6 to 8 meters
- 8.5 6 holiday home 10 meters
- 8.6 The house 9 6 and its variants
- 8.7 Large two-storey house of 12 to 12 meters
- 9 How to choose the company-builder and how much will it cost house
- 10 Projects of houses: photo gallery layouts
Distinctive features two-storey cottages
Before proceeding with designing a two-story house, it should be remembered that this building has several distinctive features. They must be considered.
A two-storey house can be built not on any section. There are cases where ground conditions do not allow to build such structures. For this reason, before working on the design should be considered carefully surveying the site and to attract the best professionals for the job.
Tip! Before buying land for construction, walk around and pay attention to the neighboring houses. Ask yourself why the neighbors are building only one-story building, or why in almost all homes have cracks. All these observations should lead you to the appropriate conclusions.
Still it is necessary to pay attention to the general concept of the area of architecture. Agree, it is absurd to put the carcass in the middle of the Victorian mansions.
So, three specific requirements for two-storey house:
- suitable primer;
- appropriate conditions of use in the area;
- quality project, taking into account all safety requirements.
Pros houses with two floors
So why many developers prefer the two floors to one? Let's look at the obvious reasons for the popularity of this choice:
| attractive appearance | Two-storey buildings can be arrange the most attractive wayUsing a second light towers, pedimentsGalicia |
| Comfortable accommodation | Many aspects can be made on this point: and great views of the landscapeAnd the possibility of privacy in bedrooms the second floor, and the successful zoning space |
| Saving land area | The two-story building occupies much less space than storey the same area. The vacancy can take swimming pool, playground or pergola for relax |
| convenient layout | On the ground floor usually have common rooms and utility rooms. A second branch for private space. |
| Terms construction | workload is significantly reduced foundation and roof. In fact the cost of building a two-storey house is cheaper storey the same area |
disadvantages dvuhetazhek
Do not blindly get involved in projects. In structures with two floors there are shortcomings, it is worth remembering about them and in the design process to compensate:
| on the basis of costs | The foundation for the high buildings require more powerful. We'll have to fork out for quality materials and additional work. |
| Additional costs for the resettlement of stairs | Two-story house will require not only an internal staircase or stairs. To ensure the safety of residents, and you have to install an external staircase for evacuation in case of emergency. |
| Difficulties in the lining of communications | The house with two floors is more difficult to hold heating wiring and electricity. Require additional nodal connections and switches. |
| It is necessary to take into account the age of the family members in the design | In the projects of private rooms house for elderly people are on the ground floor. Thus you will save them from having to climb stairs. |
| The need for thermal insulation quality of the second floor | On the second floor of a high-quality thermal insulation of hot in summer and cold in winter. You need to consider a quality system heating and install equipment conditioning. |
Challenges to be faced
For two-storey structures require reliable overlap. Their design should be given special attention, otherwise the house will not be safe.
In addition, certain difficulties await you in the design process of engineering communications.
Heating of an apartment house with two floors will require the use of a system a circulating pump. Water supply and sewerage also need special structure, because on the second floor, you will need at least one more bathroom. You should carefully consider the system ventilation house and lay the wiring so as to ensure its maximum security.
And that's not all the difficulties that await you. Be prepared for the fact that the construction of two-storey house - a difficult task.
The choice of material for the construction of
On the wall it takes about a quarter of the construction budget. It is important to carefully and diligently approach the selection of material.
Make it should not be at the expense of the strength and reliability of the home, so let's see what materials are inexpensive and at the same time quality.
By what criteria should be selected construction materials:
- reasonable price - in this plan can save considerably by choosing lightweight material. He does not require a powerful foundation - but that's another article for the economy;
- insulating quality of the material - should choose products suited to the climatic conditions in your region;
- the cost of building the walls - the larger building elements, the less time it will take to work. The fastest built carcass structures;
- requirements for finishing - some building materials, for example, timber, do not require finishing, this can save considerably.
And now let's look at some of the most common options for walls.
Everything is new - well forgotten old: wood
There was a time when the construction wooden houses almost ceased. The country is massively built from concrete blocksCollecting as designers, high-rise buildings. The skills of talented architects have been lost and no one knew how much healthier and happier tenants were wooden houses. Understanding came with time and now wood is again one of the most popular materials for cottage construction. The greatest demand is for small home projects.
Like any building material, from wood has its own advantages and disadvantages. Consider them in detail:
| Minuses | |
| Wood reacts to the atmospheric humidity | Notice how the wooden door tightly closed in the spring and autumn and is not kept in the opening in the summer? Wood is capable of swelling, absorbing atmospheric moisture. In dry and hot weather, it can give a crack. All these facts affect the structure. From an excess of moisture in the wood appears the fungus and rot can begin, and cracks must be periodically zakonopachivat that there was no draft. |
| fire risk | In this regard, the tree - a leader among other materials. Dry old wood lights quickly and strongly. To protect your home, you will have to conduct a thorough treatment of the walls of flame retardants, but they do not provide an absolute guarantee. |
| Long process of shrinkage | Practically does not shrink only glulam. All other types of wood building material takes time to shrink. The house should stand for at least a year before arrival. |
| pros | |
| excellent breathability | Tree "breathes", so you do not need to install any complicated ventilation systems and blowing device |
| The high quality thermal insulation | In a wooden house is warm in winter and comfortable in summer. Wooden houses have little need for conditionersAnd heating costs are significantly lower than in the block and brick buildings. |
| Benefit for health | In ecologically clean wooden house is not just easier to breathe - the air is saturated with resinous substances and volatile production, it is very good for health |
| Low construction costs | Wooden house does not need a strong foundation. In the old log-all put on boulders. Modern technologies allow the use of melkozaglublennogo tape or pile foundation. |
| rapid construction | The house is made of wood put in about two to three months. It should be noted that you can build in any time of year. |
| Durability | Do not believe the skeptics. Look at samples of ancient architecture - these buildings have stood for hundreds of years, and for them is not always well cared for. And if you look after the house and promptly deal with routine repairs, it will serve more than one generation your family. |
Admire the projects of small two-storey houses made of wood, as embodied in the various regions of Russia:
And now a little bit more about different "timber" technology.
Frame construction
Frame technology are experiencing the peak of popularity. This method of construction has come from Europe and America. Remember frames effects of Hurricane Katrina? It was strange to see that almost nothing remains of the huge population of the area. The secret is simple - a powerful element of a "deal" lightweight frame structure and swept them like a house of cards. No wonder the residents of the state, are prone to such disasters are beyond the fortified houses cellars for shelter. And what we have?
In our latitudes, thank God, hurricanes hardly ever. And the skeleton structure have virtually no contraindications. You'd be surprised, but similar structures were built at us before. In the dense forests of Karelia and Siberia are still people live in settlements railroads builders. And they live in houses built on frame technology. Such houses for half a century and more, and at the same time they are warm, and as solid as it was fifty years ago. Only one conclusion - if you build quality, compliance with all requirements, you can get as a result of a reliable and a good frame house.
In the process of construction of the solution is not needed, a special construction machinery. Frame house set on screw or pier foundation. Build it at any time of the year.
Tip! The most durable construction will, if you are using a metal frame. It is extremely strong and durable, and will not fail you in any circumstances. In addition, repair of the house with a metal frame will be greatly facilitated.
Prefab building retain heat very well due to the special design of the walls, resembling a layer cake.
Important! During the construction of a frame house can not prevent cracks. It is necessary to follow all the joints and thoroughly customized plates.
Like other buildings of wood, Frame houses have the same disadvantages. To avoid unpleasant consequences, should be treated with wall retardant compositions, to pay special attention to the protection of electrical and periodically applying an antiseptic walls.
Tip! Use as insulation is mineral wool. It does not infest rodents. Foam they like and use it, then you run the risk of constantly listening to cheerful crunch squatters.
Related article:
Frame house with his own hands: step by step instructions. You want to build a frame house with his own hands? Step by step instructions given in this article will help you understand all the intricacies of quickly and easily, even for beginners.
Log houses and their features
In contrast to the frame structure, frame has the ability to "breathe." He is not sealed, wood pores breathable. blockhouse It has all the positive characteristics of the wood, that we talked about. In addition, these buildings always have a special exterior: a colorful and attractive.
Note! Blockhouse, if necessary can be disassembled and built on another site. To this end, each log is then enumerated during disassembly and collect again in an orderly fashion. To simplify the work to preserve the original structure of the drawings.
Log cabins have their own nuances. The main problem - drevogryzuschie insects. This is a real scourge. If you do not take appropriate measures, beetles, borers literally transform the building into dust within a few years. To avoid such a catastrophe, the treated wood spetssostavami - insecticides.
Another important point for the selection of the material log - quality timber. It can be chopped or Rounded. Round logs look neat, are much easier to build. Chopped usually have a thickened end, this is due to the natural wood structure.
As for the log cabins of timber - here to display Following laminated material. In this tool bar are several layers of wood with multi-directional fibers. This material does not shrink or deform further protected from pests internal adhesive.
We offer photo projects of private houses of logs and lumber:
brick fortress
home of brick - a kind of fortress. Reliable, durable, strong. This structure is for the ages, which will go into an inheritance to your grandchildren. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of this material:
| Minuses | |
| Low degree of heat saving | For garden brick building - not the best solution. If a country house stood a few days without heating in cold weather - warm it will be difficult, and this process will take a very long time. In residential brick houses on the heating costs are higher than, for example, in the wood. These homes are in need of additional insulation. |
| The high cost of construction | Brick - building material, small-pieces. Him masonry It requires professional skills. Independently build a house of bricks can not everyone. In addition, the brick structure requires a solid foundation that can withstand a lot of weight. |
| pros | |
| Resilience | Brick is not afraid of rodents, insects, microorganisms, fungi. Bricks are not afraid of natural disasters and atmospheric phenomena. |
| Environmentally friendly | Brick of natural baked clay - safe for human health building material. He has good water vapor permeability. |
| good sound insulation | brick walls perfectly absorb all the extra noise. |
| No need for exterior finishing | Brick walls do not need to cover the facade materials. Available esto blitsovochny brick - it is durable and durable material for outdoor decoration. |
experts recommend insulate homes of brick outside, not the inside. Modern materials such as penoplex, are mounted on the exterior walls, and handle any facade decoration.
Introducing photo projects of houses and cottages from a brick:
Structure of aerated concrete
aerated concrete - a relatively new building material. Foam concrete is produced by special technology. The result is a lightweight bulky blocks with a porous structure and excellent insulating properties.
Advantages and disadvantages foam:
| pros | |
| Good heat retention | Due to the porous structure of the material it contains a lot of air caps and perfectly preserves the temperature in the room. |
| Small structural weight | Concrete blocks weigh much easier to brick. there is no need to equip strengthened the foundation for such a house. |
| Immune to moisture | Blocks are manufactured by pouring into molds. Their coating does not absorb moisture from the air and, consequently, in such a house will not be damp and mildew. |
| Long service life | Foam concrete blocks have a useful feature to gain strength during operation. The longer standing structure, so it is stronger. |
| Fire safety | Foam concrete does not burn and does not support fire. This is one of the safest construction materials. |
| The speed of erection | The blocks have a strict geometric shape and large size. This simplifies the process of laying. can be used for bonding units is not usual mortar and tile adhesive. |
| Variability of architectural forms | Sawn blocks perfectly, they can be given any shape. Thanks to these properties of the units easy to build, not only straight walls, but also columns, arches, and other complex shapes. |
| Minuses | |
| structure shrinkage | House of foam gives little shrinkage of about 2 millimeters per meter square. The process takes up to six months. |
| Specific requirements for finishing materials | can be used for the processing of foam blocks is not any finishing materials. It requires careful handling binder primer. |
| The need for reinforcement | The fragility of the building elements of foam requires the strengthening of construction reinforcing mesh. |
Small photo catalog of country houses of foam:
Houses on metal
We have already touched upon the subject of frame construction, when we talked about wooden houses. But on the metal can be made not only the house of OSB panels.
Using a frame made of steel, you can build glass House or house of sandwich panels.
Previously, steel frames used only in industrial construction. Now this technology is firmly established in the individual building. The steel used to form the basis of walls and ceilings, shaping roof.
Metal frame requires a special insulation. Its main advantage is that this is based is not deformed and does not shrink, it can be installed at any time of the year.
It is believed that the metal frame of a house is dangerous because it can be a guide to the current storm. To avoid this, the structure is grounded, while they themselves stand carefully isolate the special coating.
Examples of homes on metallokrakase:
How to plan a two-storey house
Internal space of the house need to carefully plan is divided into functional areas. First of all, we should separate the residential area from the technical premises. The technical, auxiliary facilities relates boiler room, Workshop, laundry room, pantry and kitchen, wardrobe. The living area consists of bedroom, living room, guest room, office, gym and so on.
Tip! Technical area is placed in the northern part of the building, where a minimum of windows. Living rooms are oriented to the south and east.
A few tips for the general layout of a two-storey house:
- the smaller corridors, the better. This space is of little practical use, so try not to make it too long. It is better to contemplate the hall - it can be used as additional space for stairs and hallway;
- the project should have spent sufficient insolation. The larger the window - then the less you will spend money on lighting. Large windows on the sunny side and will save on heating. There are guidelines for normal glazing - 1 square meter by 8 squares of floor space;
- modern architectural design often it uses a combination of spaces, such as living room and kitchen;
- for balconies on the second floor is better to design additional external support. So you protect the structure and retain heat in the house from cold bridges;
- do not forget the front of the house to design the vestibule, at least a little. It will retain heat in the house;
- in the two-story house is necessary to provide at least two bathrooms - one on each floor;
- do not get carried away with the complex geometry of the roof. The simpler the ramp, the easier it is to perform and the better roof will keep warm;
- if you plan to house a real fire, it should be envisaged at the design stage, and then embed it in a finished building will be a problem;
- If you have taken for the construction of a country house, keep in mind that most owners rarely stop there. Perhaps in time you decide to make extension. Think about it in advance. Possible, leave one wall of the first floor with no windows.
Ground floor plan
The two-storey house on the first floor is usually placed a kitchen, living room, technical room and guest room. This is the minimum for a small cottage. If resources permit, you can order the designer pool or sauna, A gym, a winter garden.
A little on the basic premises of the ground floor:
| Kitchen | The country cottage is logical to combine kitchen with dining area. By selecting the dimensions of the room, be guided by the number of necessary furniture, the size of a dining group. Do not make it a narrow room, otherwise you will not be comfortable to cook and set the table. |
| bathroom | bathroom placed next to a kitchen or a corridor. Razmery- minimum of 5 square meters. |
| Corridor | narrow corridors will hinder the promotion and movement of furniture. The minimum width of the corridor - one and a half meters. |
| Living room | This room should be as spacious. If you have planned a second light - it's a good idea for the living room. Large windows overlooking the garden welcome. Here are placed fireplace. |
| Technical buildings | These objects are placed on the north side of the building. Combustion must be equipped with a quality system ventilation. |
| Guest room or study | It can be combined with a guest room and consider the appropriate design interior. Set in the office comfortable sofa sofa was late and guests can comfortably spend the night there. |
This is the minimum list of facilities for the first floor. Here are some examples of free ready projects of houses and cottages with the drawings of the first floor:
Plan of the second floor
Second floor - a zone of rest and solitude. here are placed nursery bedroom. If a large area of the cottage - on the second floor can accommodate a large lounge area obschesemeynogo both relaxing and socializing. dressing room convenient place next to the bedroom.
Tip! If the cottage attached garage, do not place the child above the garage. Problems in ventilation can lead to penetration of automobile gas in the room.
Like on the ground floor, try to do a minimum of corridors and better and get rid of them. Replace the corridor communicating room.
If in the house the baby, it is best if the nursery door is right outside the master bedroom.
Keep in mind that in the two-story house most of the day the whole family will spend on the ground floor. Therefore, the second floor rooms do not have to be big, but definitely cozy.
Projects of the 2nd floor of a house:
The combination of space in the projects of two-storey houses
If the ground floor has a small footprint, it is possible to minimize the number of partitions and merge several buildings into one. This project will be called by the studio. You get that living room, kitchen, dining and lounge area are one big space. In this case studio Zoning by means of simple design techniques.
In the studio, installed doors leading to the bathroom and guest room. Here it is located stairs on the next floor.
Tip! Planning room in the house, using 3D graphics. It allows to visualize how it will look delimited space.
If the studio version does not suit you, consider other types of alignment. You can combine the kitchen and dining room, living room and hallway.
Examples of houses and cottages layout with two floors and a combined bathroom:
The house with an attic
A second floor can be made in the form attic. This is a practical solution that allows you to save money on materials. In the attic you can live all year round, the room it does not differ from teplosberezheniyu full floors. And by the way, attic greatly facilitates the overall structure of the weight, so you can use less powerful foundation.
Features of the roof geometry in this case carefully calculated so that the interior of the attic We have ceilings at least 220 centimeters.
Internal ramps is easy to arrange in such a way that they do not put pressure on your perception.
Photo Projects of houses with a loft inside and outside:
Related article:
The house with an attic. Photos, designs, advantages and disadvantages of options, especially planning a flight of stairs, interior space options, tips for professionals - you will find in this material.
Photo projects two-storey houses with garage
Garage, combined with the house - it is very convenient. First of all, you will rationally use land area, as well as save money on building materials, because of the attached garage one wall common with the house. If above the garage will be living rooms - you do not need a roof for this structure. Attached garage can be heated and additionally house the workshop.
The plan envisages two entrance to the garage - from the yard and the house.
In the design of the garage, particular attention should be paid to the system ventilation. It should not be combined with home ventilation system. It is necessary to establish a quality hood.
Photo variants of houses with garage:
Veranda in the two-story house
The country house veranda - it is not just the opportunity to decorate the facade. This is an exceptional practical solution. Veranda replace a gazebo and a winter garden. In cool and rainy days in the glassed-in veranda you can receive visitors. If you make a sliding wall, the hot summers here will be nice to relax in the shade.
By the veranda you can attach kitchen garden with barbecue stove or Russian.
A few tips for the design of the object:
- in a wooden house used for decoration carved elements verandas;
- a solid foundation is required for brick veranda;
- if you aspire to the exotic - make the porch with natural stone and stained glass windows;
- It can be glazed veranda transparent polycarbonate. Lightweight and durable sheets of this material is easy to install on their own.
You can choose one of the options on the photos or to make your own design project veranda:
Plans for two-storey houses: standard or customized?
What project to choose? On the one hand, the model projects already tried and tested by time, but they do not always meet the specific requirements of your family.
Standard project will cost you less, will not have to wait for him, he is ready to paste. Many companies build their houses according to standard designs, and they have a ready-made kits that are erected in a matter of days. In a typical project, you can always make small changes to adapt it to your needs.
Individual project will be more expensive and you have to wait for some time until his architect to prepare. But as a result you get a house, not unlike any other. If your family have the elderly or disabled, you can design the room and the stairs so as to provide them with comfortable movement.
Individual project will include all the features of the landscape and the soil of your site. Which option to choose - it's up to you. And we offer you options for model projects of different size houses. Perhaps in some of them you will find what you were looking for.
The house 9 9 and its variants
It should be noted that the layout of the two-storey house 9 by 9 meters provides space fantasy. This is a fairly large area, where you can dispose of in different ways. Here are some suitable projects:
two-storey house plan 10 to 10 meters
The total area of 200 square meters allows to comfortably accommodate a large family. Options Project House, 10 to 10 meters:
Project House, 7 by 7 meters
The house 7 7 - a simple task. The area of the house allows you to have a full living room on the ground floor and several bedrooms on the second:
Tips on planning home 6 to 8 meters
Small suburban house total area of 96 square meters compactly accommodate the stretch. The network can find a lot of options for projects of houses 8 6, here are some of them:
6 holiday home 10 meters
Project home 6 to 10 - one of the most popular among the owners of suburban areas. The house is rectangular in shape fits well into the landscape and has a lot of planning:
The house 9 6 and its variants
Project home 9 6 differs little from those options, but give some good planning for comparison:
Large two-storey house of 12 to 12 meters
Large and comfortable, the house of 288 square meters is able to accommodate a large family. There is room for the guest rooms and saunas. See what you can do with this area:
How to choose the company-builder and how much will it cost house
Choosing a contractor - it is perhaps the most important stage of construction. Here are some simple tips on the selection of a construction company:
| Ask friends | If one of your friends recently built, ask them about the selected contractor. If they are happy with it - take this into account. |
| Visit the new project and talk with the owner | If you liked the house under construction, track down the customer and ask about his impressions of the construction company. Some companies do offer take you on such an object. |
| Visit the exhibition companies at home | For this campaign is better to take a person smyslyaschie in construction. This is not the best choice of the contractor, because the exhibition house, as a rule, are made perfect. Ask the representative to give you the addresses of the houses, built a few years ago and look at them at least from the outside, and even better - to communicate with the hosts. |
| Visit the company's office | If the contractor does not have an office - it is unlikely to be trusted. In case of any problems you may have lost contact, it happens. |
| Explore the site of the company | If the site more than five years - so you can trust us. Even better, if your website displays customer reviews. And not smoothed and very positive - and with comments. It speaks about the integrity of the contractor. The company's website should be lined with photos of the executed objects. |
| request for a quote | Professional and detailed cost estimation - a sign of a good contractor. Communication with designers give you an idea of how professional the company operates. |
Among the most prominent companies in Moscow and St. Petersburg are the following:
| Company | Region | Website |
| "Full house" | city Saint-Petersburg, Moscow | full-houses.ru |
| "Genstroy" | city St. Petersburg | genstroyspb.ru |
| "LitosStroy" | city St. Petersburg | litosstroy.ru |
| "Basta" | city St. Petersburg | skbast.ru |
| "StroimDom-MSK" | city Moscow | stroidom-msk.ru |
| «VF Story" | city Moscow | vfstroy.ru |
Now, the cost of houses under the key. To say exactly how much it will cost you not be home. The price will consist of several components: the material house building area, land features, remoteness from major communications and settlements, and more. The average cost of a tree house - about 1.5 million rubles. Brick house is twice as expensive.
Projects of houses: photo gallery layouts
To conclude our excursion into the theme of the construction of two-storey houses, we offer you two-storey houses photo projects planned.
Hopefully, there were those who inspired you to build your own among these projects. Do not forget to share experiences and his recommendations! And finally a video recommendations on how to make your own house for the project:
