🏠 BIM technology in the design: what is it and who needs them

In the last century architects associated with the drawing sheet and a ruler. Those days are gone. Modern masters are exclusively computer technologies to conduct complex calculations. Exactly software - a significant part of the learning material in modern architecture schools. The theme of this material from HouseChief.ru - BIM technology in building design. What is it and how this technique is applied in practice - we discuss in this review.

Computer technologies are replacing traditional calculations

Read article

1 Theory: What is BIM-technologies in building
2 On the principles of BIM-design
3 Software - what is it in the BIM-technology design
4 Basics of BIM-modeling
5 Pros and cons of BIM-technology
6 BIM-development of technologies in our country and abroad
7 Education BIM-technology in the design: the prospects

Theory: What is BIM-technologies in building

Let's start with the concept: BIM-technology - is the technique of designing buildings, which combined 3D modeling and information processes. This concept is called from Building information modeling - the term first appeared in the scientific work of R. Aisha in 1986. It was he who suggested combining in one computer program, not just a foundation, building layout, but all the important information for its construction: the calculations, estimates, and other databases.

On the principles of BIM-design

Any architect will tell you that not only build a house - you need to advance to predict how the structure will behave in different conditions, as the environment will affect him. It is this component and has become one of the essential aspects of BIM-technology.

Namely the study of construction lifecycle completely changes the approach to making project

It involves the collection of information about the global linkages and dependencies, economic factors and characteristics building technologies. The person in this process - the main link and the car just helps organize the data and to use them correctly.

Software - what is it in the BIM-technology design

in this regard the software continues to evolve, and many companies, developers offer their own versions. To date, the best estimates are obtained by BIM-technology in the design of the program:

Allplan - friendly interface and easy development of Allplan made very popular, although we must admit that in the architectural section, there is still a lot of defects;
ArchiCAD - it has good imaging and is indispensable for architects, but "lame" in the development of engineering systems of buildings;
Revit - it has a very three-dimensional database for builders and architects. Users complain of the difficulties in the development of the program, and in addition, there is no high-quality drawings editor;
Renga - a new program of Russian origin, which is just beginning to take the first steps.

As you can see, the existing software is still quite raw and needs to be improved, but there is no doubt it was for him to build the future

Basics of BIM-modeling

So it is, in practice, BIM technology in the design? Modeling of the building by means of BIM technology begins with the collection of initial blocks - materials and utilities that are required for construction.

The program then simulates foundation, Walls and roofTaking into account the wishes of all the external elements of the building.

During the simulation, you can calculate and provide all communication nodes, perform calculations on the cost estimates for construction materials and get a visual 3d-model, which when attached provisional calculations of the life cycle of a building becomes four-dimensional

Pros and cons of BIM-technology

That can be written in the treasury of the merits of this modern technology:

visual imaging, useful not only for developers, but also the regulatory authorities;
the possibility of operational necessary changes in project with a clear overview of all of the projections;
significantly reducing the time of preparation project and its documentation;
reducing the number of errors calculations;
the ability to control the progress of work in automatic mode;
cost-cutting and terms of putting the building into operation.

But there is in the ointment and its fly in the ointment. And the main drawback - the unfinished process of software development. There are still too many shortcomings to be rectified.

In addition, as long as these technologies are very difficult to master, it takes time and patience, as well as the ability to work with large amounts of information

But even with these shortcomings BIM-technology - a breakthrough. Even Bill Gates once said that only those organizations will remain in the future, which will move to BIM.

BIM-development of technologies in our country and abroad

We must admit that we are significantly lagging behind in this regard. European and American architects for nearly two decades, is actively used in the design of software, and we have this practice is only taking its first steps.

Now the process of development of technology to take control government agencies.

It is planned to reduce spending on the construction of housing in the country through the introduction of computer simulations by almost 30 percent

To date, the most successful experience in applying BIM-technology in Russia can be considered as the construction of a nuclear power plant. The result - reduced costs by almost 2 billion rubles.

Education BIM-technology in the design: the prospects

Now the question becomes very relevant training. By the process to be connected not only to universities, but also many private companies interested in high quality experts.

You can find courses on modeling, which will help to master software

But it should be noted that working with such programs, in any case requires a professional education in the field of construction.

Do you have experience in this field? Which program would you recommend to learn? Write about it in the comments!