Insulation for walls of the house outside: price, types, calculation rules

30% of the heat out of the house escapes through the walls. This is proven by studies. Therefore, in order to reduce heat losses, it is recommended insulate the outside wallsRather than from the inside. Firstly, the internal thermal insulation - is to reduce the space of the room. Second, the dew point passes under a heater, that is between the wall and the insulating layer. This means that the wall will freeze that affect its condition. Today, thermal insulation materials manufacturers offer a wide range of products. But the question is which one to choose, this does not become less relevant. Insulation for walls of the house from the outside (price, specifications, methods of installation) - it is an essential component of the construction. Therefore, his choice should be approached with great care.

Criteria for selecting insulation for the exterior walls of the house

The main indicator by which we must make a choice, the thermal conductivity of the material. The smaller, the better. The second criterion - hygroscopic. This property is referred to as - to absorb moisture. The thing is that penetrated inside heater a pair of wet air at low temperatures will turn into ice, which would negate all the characteristics of the heat-insulating material. We have learned to deal with this by closing warming layer on both sides of steam and moisture-proof films. But this is another material costs. Although in some cases it is compulsory.

The third criterion - strength. The outer side of the wall - a site often subjected to various stresses, and mechanical as well. And although the insulating layer will still need to close facingsIt does not say that to the insulation strength should be approached from a position - "It's not important component."

The fourth rule of choice - the price of products. There is wide enough range, in which there are very cheap materials, and very expensive. Of course, the quality and the price is determined. But the market is a proposal in which the ratio of price and quality are in the optimal range. Therefore it is necessary to understand all of the proposed insulation and choose the most expensive, but with good technical and operational characteristics.

Types of thermal insulation materials for thermal insulation of the walls from the outside

Thermal insulation for walls from the outside - a few modern materials relating to the categories of filamentary and cellular.

1. The first group consists of mineral wool: stone, glass, slag. The first is made from a variety of stone rocks, which are melted and drawn into strands, then they are woven in a chaotic manner. For the second feedstock serves glass, for the third waste blast furnace (slag). Three species have a high hygroscopic rate.
2. The second group consists of polymeric materials which in the production process is obtained honeycomb structure. It may be closed or open. The first option is better, because these heaters do not absorb moisture.

Consider a few basic insulation for the walls outside, denote their specifications.

Mineral wool

The table shows the characteristics that are not associated with the density of the material. Because manufacturers offer models with different densities, hence the purpose of each brand. For example, P-heater 75 has a density of 75 kg / m³. This wool is recommended to use for insulation of surfaces, not suffer from high mechanical stress. That is, for the insulation of walls outside the house, this option is suitable at the time. Though it is necessary to take into account the fact that this material is not very high strength. Optimized for use in reinforced concrete walls of RV-175 cotton.

Attention! Mineral wool is manufactured in rolls and mats. For thermal insulation of walls is better to use a second form of manufacturing.

Manufacturers today, for example, offer basalt wool in the mats, one edge of which is well compressed, but straightened when installing between the frame members. Thus, the material adheres to the framework, without creating thermal bridges.

Cellular polymeric insulation

The most famous insulation from this category - foam. In fact, this polystyrene plates, in which the starting material is only 2%, the balance air. Hence, good insulation performance, and low strength, and low price.

It should be noted that the foam, which is used as packaging, can not be called a heater. That is, referring to the insulation for the exterior walls of the house, it is necessary to understand the type of modified polystyrene plates.

modified polystyrene

Polystyrene plates for the insulation of foam plastic packaging characterized by increased density. The second method is made bespressovym, hence its low strength characteristics. Polystyrene plates molded under pressure using high temperatures, thereby increasing their density, and thus the strength.

There are in this category, and the so-called extruded polystyrene, a prominent representative of his plates are sold under the brand name "Penoplex". It is the same polymer insulation, but its production process is based on melting feedstock followed by addition of a blowing agent and a molding pressure, and more precisely, extrusion. This process is called extrusion. Furthermore, this technology allows you to cast any form of products that are not only boards.

So, compare the three insulation of foamed polystyrene; bespressovy - PSB, pressed - PS, extruded - EPS.

Now, what about home insulation foam from the outside, that is, bespressovannoy model. This material is a high water absorption rate. Therefore, it will have to close in any case, waterproofing layer. Warming house outside Penoplex - is the ability to not only cover the insulating layer waterproofing, but also applied to wet it finishes: plaster and putty.

Again, pay attention to the density. That all other parameters depend on it. The denser the range, the higher the quality of its characteristics.

Polyurethane foam (PUF)

This is the best insulation with the lowest thermal conductivity - 0.019 ÷ 0.03 W / (m × K). In this and other polymer has high characteristics:

• It does not absorb water;
• do not miss the steam;
• high chemical resistance;
• attached to construction materials without any additional fasteners;
• low combustibility G1, some species are self-extinguishing foam type;
• the material density of 30 ÷ 80 kg / m³;
• service life at least 30 years.

Attention! Preparing a polyurethane foam at the construction site by joining two components, polyol and isocyanate. Mixing together, they form a liquid mixture, which is applied to the wall for heat insulation. In the air heater is converted into a solid and durable material.

That is, for thermal insulation measures DTH requires special equipment, where carried out by mixing the two components. Insulation itself under pressure is applied to the surface of the thermally insulated.

Alternative solutions - Liquid insulation for walls

The term "liquid heater" for the walls and other structures - this is just a slang townsfolk environment. This material is a mastic or paint, Which includes:

• hollow microbeads as spheres (0,02 ÷ 0,1 mm in diameter) made of ceramics, glass, polymers;
• Microporous particles of titanium dioxide;
• a binder component is used frequently or acrylic latex.

Since the consistency of the material liquid, and then it is applied on the treated surface by conventional methods: by brush, roller or spray. This forms a small film thickness on the surfaces of - at least 1 mm. And it is enough to talk about the thermal protection.

But why such a thin coating creates a warming effect. Here we must understand their way of warmth leaking through the walls of the house.

1. The thermal conductivity of the wall. That is, heat is transferred from the heated material cold. The insulation liquid binder ingredients may only transfer heat. And their volume in insulation only 20%.
2. Convection. Here, without options, because a part of the thermal insulation material occupy a large amount of pellets filled with air.
3. Radiation. This heat transfer due to the energy state of the material. Inside mastic 90% - it's balls that reflect the heat. That is deposited on the walls of the house creates a material effect thermos.

Today, liquid insulation manufacturers offer different formulations that are used for various construction applications. Since versed materials for thermal insulation of the walls from the outside, it is necessary to choose the polish designed for use on the facade of the building. Her name is necessarily present the word "facade". For example, the corundum-facade, facade-Armor. While many universal thermal paint can be used for thermal insulation of external walls of buildings.

Here are the technical characteristics of the corundum-Facade:

ventilated facades

In modern construction uses two varieties facade decoration:

1. traditionalwhen facing material applied directly to the wall surface with different attachment methods.
2. ventilated - this is when there is a gap that performs the role of ventilation between the wall and cladding. With the help of a wall surface are removed and wet pair condensate.

So in the first case, when the task is to insulate the wall, use moisture resistant materials. These include polystyrene plates made by extrusion technology. That is, if you put the question of choice of insulation for the walls of the house outside under plasterThen used Penoplex. Its just glued to the wall of a special adhesive composition, or fastened with screws mushroom. Well behaved under the wet coating polyurethane foam.

As for ventilated facades, then you can use any of the above heater. Because this structure, first, a frame, and secondly, it is possible to fix waterproof protection in the form of membranes which retain the insulation from the adverse effects of moisture.

For example, how to use mineral wool in ventilated facades heat insulation.

1. Stuffed frame on the wall - a vertical wooden beamsThe distance between them should be slightly less than the width of the mat basalt.
2. Vapor barrier film is placed with the slack. That is, it is attached to the frame, but the base web should adhere to the wall surface.
3. Between the batten elements stacked insulation.
4. On top of the carcass structure stuffed waterproofing membrane.
5. The elements of the framework are installed and secured exactly the same bars.
6. They mounted and facing a sandwich panels, siding and other sheet or panel systems.

The three-layer wall construction

This technology has long been known insulating walls. In fact, the two walls, between which is placed a thermal insulation material. Option is very good, but with some requirements particular to a heater, because this layer has to work a great time. To get close to it, if necessary to replace or repair, it will be difficult, and often impossible. Therefore, the two basic requirements:

1. The material should be resistant to shrinkage. It can only provide polystyrene plates brand PS or EPS with a density of not less than 45 kg / m³.
2. Water absorption insulation should not exceed 1%. Refer to the table with the specifications and see that this is a requirement only suitable polystyrene foam boards manufactured by extrusion.

No other options, so this technology is used Penoplex.

Rules for calculating the insulation for the walls of the house

We turn to the very important issue of how to calculate the thickness of insulation. To be clear, we consider it for example insulation wall built of thick foam block 30 cm or 0.3 m. Insulation basalt wool, which with the outer part will cover the 12 cm face brick thickness (0.12 m).

Inputs:

1. The thermal conductivity of the foam block - 0.26 W / (m × K).
2. The thermal conductivity of mineral wool - 0,045.
3. The thermal conductivity of bricks - 0.52.
4. Heat resistance of the region where the built home - 3.45 m² × ° C / W. This corresponds to a temperature in the house indoor + 22 ° C.

The first step is to calculate the thermal resistance of the walls and cladding. For this formula is used:

R = H / λwhere

H - thickness of the material,

λ - its thermal conductivity.

• Rc = 0,3 × 0,26 = 0,078 - is the thermal resistance of the wall.
• Rk = 0,12 × 0,52 = 0,062 - this is an indicator for the bricks.

resistance region - is the sum of the resistances of all materials used in the construction of the wall of the house. I.e:

R = Rc + Rc + Ruwhere

Ru - is the thermal resistance of the insulation, and it must be found.

It turns out:

Ru = R - Rc - Rc = 3.45 - 0.078 - 0.062 = 3.31.

Formula: R = H / λ can derive insulation layer thickness: H = R × λ = 3,31 × 0,045 = 0,15 mOr 15 cm, or 150 mm.

Calculator for thermal insulation of walls Penoplex

Calculator for insulating walls of a wooden house

Where to buy a heater for the walls of the house outside, prices

Market is swamped with all the above types of insulation for the walls outside the house used in cottages in the country cottages, and apartment buildings. They differ from each other in the price component. This takes into account not only the type of material, but also its density. Here are a few items of value.

Attention! It is necessary to mention that insulation conducted polyurethane, calculated with processing 1m² plane wall. This takes into account only the thickness of the coating. Therefore, in the table of this material will not.

Simply denote it separately: insulation using polyurethane foam thickness of 50 mm will cost an average of 630-650 rubles. The same applies to the thermal paint. Sold it in buckets or cans of different sizes. Therefore, manufacturers indicate the price per liter. The cost varies from 350 to 450 rubles depending on the manufacturer, type of filler and presence or absence of additives that increase the quality of the material.

This table is a basalt heater (size and price):

Photo	Types of basalt wool	Density, kg / m³	Price per 1 m³, rub.
	P-175	175	3 300
	P-75	75	1 330
	Rockwool-Facade	180	6 200÷7 100
	Izoruf	130	5 400

Table Penoplex characteristics:

View Penoplex	Density, kg / m³	Sheet size, mm	Number of sheets in packing, pcs.	Price per package, rub.
Comfort	25÷35	1200×600×20	18	1 250
Comfort	25÷35	1200×600×100	4	1 400
Technonikol-Master	26÷35	1180×580×50	6	920
Urs	35÷45	1250×600×50	7	1 350

It should be added that all the heaters described in this article can be used for internal insulation. She often carried out in a multi-family homes, where there is no possibility to carry out external insulation, for example, on the upper floors, inside atticsInside office buildings type bath, garage etc.

With regard to stacking technology and application insulation for the walls of the house insidePrices and choice, all made in the same way as in the case of the outer insulation. The only thing you should pay attention to is the insulation material with high water absorbency Waterproofing foil vapor barrier from the wall and from the space of the room.

Related article:

The market offers a huge number of materials for insulation, which differ in performance and cost. The most effective of them - penoplex. Technical characteristics, types and cost of this material from different manufacturers are described in this article.