⚡ Solution for bricklaying: how to prepare a solid mixture of embodiment 3

How to prepare a solution for masonry brick so that wall It turned extremely strong? How to choose the right ingredients to be suitable for external, internal or refractory masonry? All this - the submission of HouseChief edition.

What are the requirements for the solution presents a modern masonry

a new generation of building materials are different from those used in the past century. New technologies dictate the modern requirements to the fastening of the solution:

• high mechanical strength and weather resistance while maintaining the ductility;
• high adhesion, the ability to heat-, water and soundproofing;
• ability to form a thin layer;
• the optimum setting time for calm and consistent work.

Among other things, important for modern mixtures mobility. It is checked by immersing a 15 cm tall conical part solution weighing 300 g Masonry corpulent brick it shall sink to the depth - from 9 to 13 cm, hollow - from 7 to 8 cm. To work in the heat mobility of the mixture should be in the range of 12-14 cm.

To check the viscosity mixture, it is necessary to tilt the container with it at an angle of 40º, the composition should not be poured.

For ground or underground structures need different mix. It requires a special approach and clinker brick. The obverse facade You need to remove the salt from the solution, and oven not lay with the cement mixture.

All these details should be taken into account during construction work.

Types of solutions for masonry

Different designs use special mixture. The main types are used in modern construction:

• Cement-sand mass - Suitable for plasters, Tightening and clutches. Do not confuse it with the concrete. as in concrete rubble layAnd to this solution as a filler sand is filled;
• lime-cement mixture more flexible and can be applied to all types of masonry. When mixing of the slaked lime is filled, and at the end of the batch - lime milk;
• clay solution cement It is considered to be more durable than cement-lime and solidified in a shorter time. To use his mixing mill ground clay, purified of all superfluous;
• lime mixture - the heat saving, but it is considered and the most fragile. For its preparation using calcium oxide as a mixture with sand.

For those who are not confident in their ability to choose the right ingredients and the balance in the sale is ready compositions, in which you just need to add water.

Important! masonry strength associated not only with the composition of the mixture, but also with material characteristics. The harder surface absorbs moisture, the solution hardens faster.

The composition must be constantly maintained in a mobile state, otherwise it will not fit in an hour and a half. He exfoliate and heavy particles will fall into the sediment.

Some nuances preparing solutions

Interfere with the composition can be manually shovels or trowels using special mechanisms: mixers and cement mixers.

There is a general algorithm mixing all types of solutions:

• first of all mixed dry ingredients, and only then to the mixture was added to water;
• Pigments and additives are first diluted, and only then added to the mixture;
• sand for mortar carefully screened;
• in each individual situation is calculated proportion of sand and cement;
• kneading taking clean water at room temperature.

In some cases, the solution is introduced special additives. They improve the quality of the mixture.

Mortar for masonry

Extant historical monuments with stone masonry is built on lime solution. About cement then and did not know. It is interesting that such a process is known quenched in a special way - it laid in the pits for 60 years. Place bookmark handed down in the building dynasties. It is said that together with lime buried carrion - the fallen the livestock or other animals. Organics mixture gave future particular strength and elasticity.

Millennial experience has shown that such a mixture is not afraid of time. But now the lime is rarely used. Cement manufacturers have pushed the technology to the construction market.

Lime is made from a mixture of calcium oxide. It is connected to the sieved sand and water is poured. blanking process increases the temperature of the solution. Usually take the proportion of 1 to 3, that is, 1 part lime taken 3 parts sand.

Conventional cement-sand mixture

The most common structure, which is used in almost all construction sites - a simple mixture of cement, sand and water. First, as expected, the dry weight is mixed in a proportion of 1 to 3.

It's too hard and sedentary. The result is crumbling after a few years, which may even lead to the destruction of the masonry.

Chamotte mixture of refractory brickwork

For structures exposed to high temperature exposure are used special bricks and solutions. Simple cement weight is not suitable for this purpose.

Before kneading the clay is soaked for a while. Then all the other ingredients are mixed together in dry form and added to the clay substrate. Plastic composition of clay, should not slip from the trowel. Professionals recommend to add to this mixture a little more liquid glass.

A mixture of lime and cement - the choice of professionals

Adding lime to the cement masonry mass combines the best properties of the cement-sand and limestone composition. You can do this in several ways:

• added to a solution of calcium oxide in the step of mixing the dry ingredients and then diluted with water with constant stirring;
• You can enter into a mixture of lime putty. Lime is diluted with a little water, and then this compound is gradually added in a dry sand-cement mixture.
• the dry mixture of sand and cement is poured, with stirring, the milk of lime. This solution closes the dry ingredients and mix gives elasticity.

A bit about the proportions

For a simple cement-sand mixture, as we have said, we applied the proportion 1: 3. However, this common rule is not suitable for all grades of cement. It is suitable for M 500 and M 400 here to better comply with a ratio of 1 to 2.5.

For lime-cement mixture used such proportions:

• M 300 - 1 part sand - 5, lime - 0.2;
• M 400 - 1 part sand - 4, lime - 0.3;
• M 500 - 1 part sand - 3, lime - 0.2.

How to prepare a solution for a laying of a brick: a step by step instruction

Kneading a simple cement-sand mortar cement itself need, water, sifted sand and liquid soap, which will replace the plasticizer.

How to prepare a color massu- in this small video material:

Remember that the better the solution for masonry - the stronger will be the walls of your design. Do not skimp on good sand and cement, use plasticizers and lime - then your house will stand for hundreds of years, to the delight of your descendants.

What you add to a solution for a laying? Write about it in the comments!

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