Selection of the heating system for the urban apartment is a complex and challenging process. For residents of apartment buildings central heating the issue of housing heating is easily solved. Cold, then wait for the inclusion of heating. That category of citizens who have decided to take care of their own comfort is facing difficult and difficult choices - what kind of independent heating for the apartment high-rise building to prefer. For the landlord it is important that the system was the most effective, safe to use and economical. Of all the currently existing types of autonomous home heating it meets all the criteria listed heating electricity.
The heating season, many of us look forward, for apartments with electric heating is no longer dependent on a specific date. With the help of electricity in the apartment at any time to achieve a suitable temperature, to create the necessary comfort and microclimate.
Electric heating at home - the basic principle
Electricity has long been firmly established in our lives. It is impossible to imagine the scope of our life, which would not be used electricity. Lighting, household appliances work, transport, a lot of other devices and appliances are built on the principle of the use of electricity. One of the most important directions in the use of electricity at the household level is the home heating.
The very concept of electric heating sufficiently capacious, which combines various kinds, types and heating embodiments, which are based on operation of the electric current. Each system has its own technical differences and functional differences. Despite the differences, all types of heating with electricity brings together a number of technical characteristics and parameters. The principle of operation of all electric heating systems based on the action of the law of Joule. Current supplied to the heating device is experiencing resistance conductor. In this part of the energy is transformed into heat energy, reducing the voltage. Clearly visible in the example of the process of normal "goat" household appliance manufactured artisanal.
the heat transfer rate in this case is regulated by modifying the circuit connecting the heating devices. As the conductor used in the heating devices and the spiral filament of refractory metals, gases. In each case, the heating device performs a specific function performing direct heating of electric current or indirectly performing work.
An illustrative example: the home of household electric heater, in which the task of heating the ambient air carries spiral. Heating helix to t 8000C occurs at the time of switching on. helix length, diameter and cross-sectional area of a nichrome filament manufactured helix determines the intensity of heating. Failure to clear parameters becomes a cause of failure of the heating element.
Important! The intensity of the electric heating devices depends on the applied voltage and the current in the network. The higher the current, the faster and stronger the heated element, playing the role of conductor. When calculating operation of heating devices are always taken into account the value of resistance, current, power and time.
The operation of each electrical heating device occupies a special place circuitry. Given the network parameters, technical features and characteristics of the individual heating elements instrument, the expected result, it can be a very efficient heater for its hands.
See also: how warm the apartment without heating?
Advantages of the electrical heating
The laws of elementary physics can simply explain how electric heating in the apartment, on what basis is carried out adjusting the degree of heating of heating devices. Hence, the advantages possessed by this type of heating. Electricity is used for heating homes, apartments gives you the following:
- eco-friendly variant of apartment heating;
- Silent heaters mode (exception - heaters);
- a wide range of power control of the heating device (from the minimum to the maximum);
- the ability to install the necessary heating mode in each room.
The advantages, it is worth noting the main thing - the economic benefits and cost effectiveness of such a system. Wide technological possibilities of electric energy, the availability of new technologies account for a huge selection of electric heaters currently on the market of heating equipment. However, the diversity can be characterized by two criteria:
- electrical heating system using a coolant;
- heating system with direct heating as a result of electric current.
It is appropriate to say that electricity is still the most affordable and cheap energy, which has been successfully used by man at all levels. Accordingly, the electric heating appliances and electric boilers are popular and relevant. In the diagram designated principle of the various electric systems
Electric heaters in comparison with other types look more priority to the use of an apartment building for the following reasons.
Electric heating in the apartment is built on the use of thermal energy thermal electric heaters (heaters). In most models efficiency reaches 96-98%, which is much more similar parameters in other heating systems. Such heating elements possess a good and rapid heating, the reliable and safe in operation.
Important! Installation in the apartment electric heating devices does not require official permission. The only requirement for the normal operation of electrical appliances and heating units, compliance with the parameters of the number of wiring and heaters largest heated area.
Among electric boilers on the market of electric heaters for home heating, there are single-phase and three-phase models. In each case, the apartment owner chooses a suitable model of the boiler for your home, based on accurate data incorporated in the design of autonomous heating systems. Well-written and thermal calculations scheme will achieve the desired effect and save their own funds.
The main types of electric heating
Electric boilers and water heating
In apartments where counters installed multirate metering of electricity consumption, electric heating installation is justified doubly. At night, the electricity tariffs are much lower, so you can use more intense heating of the room by using electricity at night.
Modern electric boilers are ideal in operation, simple and convenient tools, is almost completely automated. All models are equipped with thermostats boilers, by which automatically adjusts the intensity of heating of the heating elements depending on the temperature characteristics of the apartment. Boilers operate quietly, which is very important for the owners of small apartments for families in which children are growing up a little.
On a note: If we compare the electric boilers with gas boilers and work units, working on other types of fuel - electric heating apartment is much easier to install, easy to dismantle at needed. Rooms available at the switchboard ensure shutdown of the entire power supply system apartment with malfunction of the heating system.
Electric boilers operate according to the traditional scheme of independent heating, heating is in the coolant system. It may be plain water or antifreeze, diluted with water in an appropriate proportion. This scheme is most commonly used in everyday life, providing good heating of the interior. The heating boiler or boiler can be installed in any equipment room, the kitchen or bathrooms, where there are technical possibilities for installation of such equipment.
In the consumer market are electric wall mounted boilers from 5 to 60 kW, as well as floor standing models, the power of which exceeds 60kW.
The boiler output is selected based on the conventional technology standards. For heating premises in 10 m2 required 1 kW of power.
Important! Installation of the boiler in a city apartment with capacity of more than 12 kW would require retrofitting and home electrical installation three-phase meter. high power boiler installation will require obtaining a permit in the energy company.
Pipework connections and methods similar to installing the radiators water heating system. The only difference is that the electric heating boilers are designed for small service the number of cells, and therefore can not provide the necessary heat sufficiently large area apartment.
Direct heating using electricity
As successful alternative electric heating using the heating medium, heating devices are considered, using the principle of direct heating by electricity. Heating apartment electricity is provided without an intermediary, there is no coolant in the system. Such systems include portable or stationary heaters, floor heating and other types of electric heaters. Power devices is determined manually or automatically, depending on the household need.
Convector represent the simplest and cheapest way of electrical heating. Devices that are now available to consumers equipped with the necessary thermostats have different configurations and capacities. Thanks to its compact size and ease of connectivity, convectors fit perfectly into the interior of a city apartment, unpretentious in operation. Having at hand the data of the heated area, respectively, is determined and the necessary power of the convector.
By direct heating systems as well and include heated floors. sex is usually considered in a residential area the coldest place. By equipping the apartment floor heating powered by the mains, you will significantly increase the thermal efficiency of their homes. Installation of floor heating technically quite time-consuming activity, but the result is worth it. Uniformly heated floor enables efficient heating of premises in the natural air circulation mode.
Do not discount the lights heaters and infrared heaters. In the first case, you are dealing with a hot conductor, which transfers heat to the surrounding space. In the second case, the air in the apartment is heated by radiant energy in the infrared range, are obtained by the infrared lamp.
Among portable electric heaters, you can choose to focus on the thermal fan. Heat gun which, by means of forced heated air supplying electricity, in a short time is able to be heated sufficiently large room.
The gun works on the principle of home electric heat source. In a short time the inner space is filled with warm air. Such devices are often used in the construction industry, when it is required for a short time to dry internal surfaces of buildings.
The possibility of increasing the efficiency of heating electricity
Despite the fact that today the tariffs for utility services continue to increase, the electricity has a robust stock at cost in comparison with other forms of energy. Tenants of apartment buildings who want to be independent and autonomous from the central heating do not be afraid of large costs. Competent calculations heating circuit and connection of electric heaters, the transition to multi-tariff counters allow you to get in the house and the necessary heat to save on regular costs for electricity.
In the absence of technical ability to put gas heating, electric - becomes the real yield of the situation.
