To effectively cover up the joints of sewer pipes, it is important to take into account many aspects: materials from which they are made, their technical characteristics, operating conditions and other. Well connected and insulated communication will last a long time.
The main reasons for the formation of leaks
Leaks in the joints of the pipes can be formed for several reasons. Do not always blame the plumber. Before starting repairs, you need to find out exactly what happened, otherwise the work will be ineffective.
Sometimes a leak does not occur in the joint, and the pipes themselves. This may occur due to manufacturing defects, such as microcracks or local inhomogeneity of the material. Sloppy maintenance, mechanical damage, ground connection from the appliance to the cast iron pipes - all of which can lead to breakage. Can eliminate minor cracks or special clamp insulating film. For large defects require replacement of the entire area.
At the junction leakage may occur due to mismatch of diameters of parts, incorrect splice (skewing, incorrect choice of mounting method). Sometimes the fault and the plumber: connecting pipe without safety margin, it gets visible effect. But after a while the seam starts to leak, leak grows.
The old pipeline holes can occur due to normal wear and tear: the cuff become compressed, cast iron pipes corrode, plastic scratch inside, becoming brittle.
Types of common types of sealants, their properties, terms of use, pros and cons
To make repairs efficiently and not to return to it as long as possible, it is necessary to choose the optimal method of sealing seam in the sewers. Each type of sealing material has its sphere of use. Also, you should take into account the conditions of operation of the system, the economic feasibility of the use of a specific embodiment.
Metallpolimers
Metallpolimers - innovative technology Pipe Repair. It is suitable for high pressure pipelines. Sewer systems are "gravity", without pressure. Therefore, the use metallopolymers generally not economically feasible. However, in critical areas, in systems that operate on the calculated power limits, the use of this method is justified. In this way, any joint can be repaired sewer pipe.
For sealing weld is necessary to dry it, to smooth out some portion around degrease. Metallpolimers applied in a thin layer on the entire compound. Top - reinforcing component, such as fiberglass mesh tape. Then, finishing is applied, the anchor layer material. For fast curing seam can be warm (if the pipe material allows it).
Sanitary joint bowl, isolated by this method will last for centuries. In fact, the joint is worn in non-removable capsule of modern, resistant to corrosion and wear material.
Cold welding
Cold welding is designed for sealing defects in metal parts or if a burst sewage pipe. it is not suitable for plastic pipes.
The cold welding is a polymer, one or two component paste. The consistency of it is liquid and dense, like plasticine. There are differences on the operating temperature. Because pipes functioning in normal conditions, cold welding may be selected low temperature, its characteristics enough for tasks submitted.
There are compositions that can operate in water. In situations where there is no way to block the flow, such welding can be a time-saving.
When properly conducted work welded joint is even stronger than the main pipeline materials.
Pre pipes need to completely clean the metal, degreased, dry. To obtain a strong and visually neat compound skilled craftsmen use liquid formulations. A good soaking them a piece of cloth, tightly wrapped with the seam problem. During deformation of the composition begins to "work" cure, "welding" details.
The cost of such repairs is minimal. However, in the opinion of experts and users, it is only a temporary measure to continue the operation of the sewer system to a full or a major overhaul.
Tape
Seal the sewer pipe in the toilet sanitary help tape.
It is a multilayer elastic material. Often in two versions: with and without a decorative coating. In either embodiment, the core layer is a bitumen-polymer composition, which ensures an absolutely waterproof and performance characteristics of the tape. At the bottom of the sealant - adhesive agent. Decorative surface further protects the tape against the negative effects of the environment: UV, and temperature extremes.
Sanitary tapes have a number of advantages:
- low cost;
- easy installation;
- reliability and durability;
- the opportunity to work with different types of pipes;
- tape does not conduct electricity, however capable of protecting metal structures from corrosion;
- resistance to environmental influences (in the presence of the protective coating).
Tape marked L - summer, does not lose its characteristics when operating at temperatures up to 300 degrees. Winter (marked "Z") has a range of -200... + 100 degrees. It is clear that the pipeline in any case does not fall into such conditions. However, the repair of joints on the street, it is better to play it safe and take advantage of the winter tape.
Mounting of the tape produced on the cleaned and degreased portion. Qualitatively glued tape is guaranteed to last for 30 years. Should be wound sealant evenly to prevent any bubbles or wrinkles, a little tightness. In this geometry of action - a spiral, overlapping the previous layer to half its thickness. Thus, at each point of the treated surface will have two standing sealant. If the tape has no decorative cover, a ready-made compound can be painted with a protective material.
On the basis of silicone rubber
Sealants based on silicone rubber are favorites at carrying out a wide range of installation works, including plumbing. This combined composition that has all the advantages of each component.
Rubber adhesives have a high viscosity and a very good adhesion, which allows securely seal the formed hole.
Therefore, they are not as sensitive to the degree of purification of the treated area. At high weld strength is obtained very elastic. This sealant, like others, has insulating properties, but unlike analogues it is not sensitive to external influences, so it can be used for plastic communication. Changes in temperature over a wide range, high humidity, wind, exposure to UV rays is not intimidating to the joint, the sealed rubber.
rope-yarn
Ropey, despite the fact that is quite primitive views of the sealant, is very popular and actively used both in the home and in professional work. This harness or rope, usually made of natural fibers impregnated with special solutions. To close the crack in the bathroom, ropey abundantly impregnated with bituminous resins. This makes the fibers resistant to rot and shrinkage, and a junction pipe, sheltered Kabolka not corrode.
Working with this material may even a beginner without special knowledge: only need accuracy and little effort. Low price and good reliability. When mounting is not required stripping and degreasing the working section to the extent that when working with synthetic sealants. That's why ropey so popular.
Technical sulfur
Technical sulfur lumps or sold as a powder. It is worth it inexpensive. To work with sulfur both with an insulating material, it is necessary to warm up to the melting temperature (130-150 ° C). The substance will turn into a resin liquid which should be lubricated and the joint sewer pipe.
For the installation of the pipeline via sulfur requires additional equipment: capacity and heating means. To use it, too, must be able to. Another drawback - in already frozen form sulfur rather fragile, the seam is not that flexible.
dense texture
As an ambulance in case of emergency repair sewage can be used thick fabric flap. It must be impregnated with a resin or other waterproofing solution and used as a clamp. A tow of such tissue may replace the sealing gasket.
This repair method can only be an emergency, when there is no possibility to use more reliable and durable materials. The fabric is not resistant to external influences, wear out quickly.
Basic steps to eliminate leakage of sewer pipes and the rules for their elimination
Whichever material for repairing sewage is not used, the general sequence of actions will be approximately the same.
- The first step is to clearly define the location of the leak. Place breakage better visible until drainage is not blocked. Then you can visually determine where the content is flowing pipes: a crack or a hole in the tube, or in place of the pipe connection.
- This is followed by block drains.
- Position breakdown should be dry. Many adhesives are sensitive to humidity and purity application site.
- Then the working surface is cleaning (dirt, old paint layers, and the like) and degreased.
- Next made directly repair work.
- Any insulating materials have dry, maintained the time specified in their user instructions. Necessarily it is necessary to inspect tightness of the joint, only then you can connect the repair area to the sewer.
If all the steps will be carried out efficiently, you can use your communication for a long time.
Recommendations for the repair of sewer systems, plastic and iron
When the sewer system repairs of plastic it is important to locate the damage and to select the optimal material for repairs. Most cases repair cracks or holes in the pipes themselves using any sealants. The second option - repair of pipe joints. Typically requires the replacement of gaskets, and a seam sealing compound. Special equipment is required.
In case of breakage of cast iron pipes, you may need the help of experts. Find the leak is more difficult as the pipes may be rusty, constantly covered with condensation. It is recommended before starting to cool the air in the room to 15 degrees, to minimize fogging pipe. The choice of repair method should also be based on the experience and skill. If possible, rational solution is to replace cast iron pipes with plastic. Scale, but one-time expenditure justify themselves for years trouble-free operation.
The most complex version of repair - connection pipes of different materials. For the installation of this interface is recommended to use special adapters, which provide good protection against weld leaks.
Preventive measures against damage sewerage
To sewerage in the house served for a long time and does not cause cotton to operate it must be carefully observing certain rules:
- Do not flush down the drain sand, cement and other construction mixes, as well as rocks and construction debris.
- Aggressive chemical solutions may also damage the pipe
- Any large items can cause clogging and further damage.
- In the kitchen, it is recommended to put zhiroulavlivateli. Another option to save drains from clogging fat - to wash off the hot water behind the fat.
- Any, even the smallest cracks should be repaired immediately, not wait until the pipe burst.
- If possible, all trouble spots: cast iron pipes with a large depreciation of previously "embedded" sections, change a new one.
In everyday life, there are various unpleasant situations involving leaking sewer pipes. To eliminate them, use a lot of techniques and materials. It is important to comply with all the recommendations and to troubleshoot quality. Then the pipes will not bother you for a long time.