Valve the water: apparatus, technical specifications

As of valves commonly used valve. It is mounted on pipelines, providing transportation of gas and water.

Types, device and installation of water supply valves

Using this type of valves for the pipes through which the water transfer takes place to the consumer associated with the following useful properties:

• The water valve has a simple structure, the operation does not require additional equipment;
• Can be used on lines where there is a large pressure drop;
• Low weight and small size of the product;
• It can be installed on any portion of the pipe;
• For closing and opening using a small stroke, which greatly simplifies the maintenance of the pipeline.

The design of the faucet

control valve apparatus is simple. It represents housing and mounted within the locking mechanism. In the case there are connections to connect the tap water pipe.

The figure shows a drawing of the valve to the indoor unit:

When this valve design is such that does not allow the separation of the elements. This means that you are using all-metal product made by casting.

You need to make some clarification in terms. Many do not speak gate valve, but it is fundamentally wrong. These are two different devices that perform different functions and are installed in different sections of the pipe.

1. Crane. This product, which is placed on the outlet tube. crane design consists of a valve and spout. It is used to drain water from the pipe or vessel;
2. Valve. The mechanism is installed at the junction of the two work for controlling water flow.

Because equate these two concepts should not be.

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classification of the valves

The products have many varieties, which may differ according to the principle of action and the device. They also variously attached to the pipeline.

Specification of different types of valve has a design feature and function. Products are offered in three positions:

1. The valve gate;
2. Conical or cork;
3. Ball.

Valve poppet type. His second name valve tap. It represents a basic body with a locking device in the form of a rod which during manual movement, is firmly pressed against the valve seat, thereby closing the water flow. In order to resume the movement of water is enough to unscrew the handle from the valve stem. It is possible to adjust the amount of passing liquid. On the rod is threaded for a smooth entry into the body of the valve. The main body of the product thread is not performed for this purpose a lead nut, which after wear can be easily replaced.

The equipment is placed between the two nozzles, indicated by an arrow direction of the watercourse.

The presented mechanism has both the positive sides or negative.

Advantages of using a valve of the crane:

• Possibility to install pipelines with a high pressure;
• Allow you to adjust the volume of the flowing fluid and its pressure;
• Controlled only by the handle and the rod, without using complex devices;
• Can be repaired.

What are the drawbacks are present when using this type of equipment:

• Laying, located on the bottom of the stem deteriorating rapidly due to frequent contact with the metal seat;
• operation period is short and quick mechanism fails;
• To open or close the flow of water is necessary for a long time rotate the handle to the stem.

The next type of valves for flow control of liquids - a cone or cork. He called on the shape of the internal structure of the locking mechanism. Detail, which prevents flow, narrows towards the end, taking the form of a wedge. If it is necessary to block the flow of the knob is rotated, the wedge tightly sits in the seat and assumes the position parallel to the movement of the liquid. Inside the valve flow twice bent at a right angle to continue the movement. If you want to open the fluid passage, the valve handle is rotated in the opposite direction, causing the wedge to move in the opposite direction.

This type of valves also has advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages of using the valve conical shape:

• It can be placed on the water pipes, where the liquid is fed under high pressure;
• With the passing volume adjustment can be performed via a valve V, and control the pressure of water, by reducing the passage section available;
• Management consists of a handle and rod;
• There is a possibility to repair.

Cons of using:

• Laying, located on a wedge, quickly wears away due to frequent contact with the metal seat;
• Short-lived.

Valving ball type is a housing within which is located a ball with a through slot. When the handle shaft becomes perpendicular to the pipe, the water flow is blocked. Accordingly, the longitudinal location of said handle on the free passage of water in the pipe.

What is the advantage of using a ball valve:

• The mechanism that regulates the opening and closing of the flow is simple, it allows to maintain the valve long enough;
• The design is completely sealed;
• To open or close the valve simply turn the handle 90 degrees.

Existing weaknesses at exploitation of ball constructions:

• In case of breakage of the mechanism, it is necessary to produce a complete replacement of equipment;
• Its use is only suitable for terminating the flow of water. The manufacturer does not recommend installing this type in the place where you want to adjust the flow. In this case, the guarantee of a long-term exploitation are not given.

by material

During operation of valves it is important that from which the product was made. Depending on the use to be taken a certain material

Typically, for use in the household are trying to take the brass, bronze, stainless steel or plastic valves. For outdoor use, it is desirable, in addition to those listed, choose cast iron and steel.

Basic materials suitable for the manufacture of valves:

• Brass. Used for the manufacture of small products. Mechanisms are obtained with light, perfectly resists corrosion. Brass valves have a long service life. It is used in cold and hot water supply. It is attached to a steel or plastic pipes. However, the biggest drawback of such mechanisms - it is their high cost;
• Cast iron. It is always a heavy weight design. Different from other materials for their durability and reliability. Mounted on the pressurized pipelines. Cast iron products perfectly resists deformation effects. In this case, the valve is low cost, because often these mechanisms are used in water supply systems of apartment buildings in suburban areas, the private sector, garages;
• Steel. For products from said material characteristic appearance of the handle - a wheel which is rotated in order to fashion the flow or pressure control of fluid motion to stop completely. If we compare the cast iron and steel products, the latter has a light weight, simple structure. Locking and regulating equipment made of steel can be repaired. Often used for water pipes for supplying liquid to high temperature and heavy pressure. It is used in water pipes, where there is a risk of water hammer.
• Stainless steel. Products made of this material are low in cost. The disadvantage of such a product - is subject to scaling. Because such a valve is not recommended for use in hot water systems;
• Plastic. Suitable for continuous operation, is inexpensive. It will not rust and scale. However, their use is possible only in the plastic pipe.

By way of fastening

Each type of valve has the features of construction and method of attachment to a water supply process. Products are attached with additional elements or welded to the pipeline.

Flange connection. It is used to connect the cast iron or steel equipment. For proper fastening the ends of the pipes mechanisms should have flanges with a rubber gasket. installation process is as follows: the pipe end and the pipe flanges are provided with shut-off equipment. Between them is installed a rubber gasket. Place the connection by tightening bolts to fasten.

Threaded fastening occurs due to an additional nozzle which is screwed onto the end and the valve has an external hexagon to the twisting process was easy, it was possible use the key. First on the socket mechanism is wound linen lock for tight sealing and prevent leaks. Also uses a special tape IUF, seals and prevents leaks.

Tsapkovy connection method. Used part with an external thread on the socket. It is set up against the pipe and the union nut is turned on the mechanism to work. For sealing butt node responds metal gasket, and special lubricants are used.

Welded mounting method. Already from the name it becomes clear that the installation is done by welding. Such installation of the valve is acceptable as metal pipes, and on plastic.

It is worth noting that during the installation of the valve flange or through a thread, then for repairs, equipment can be removed. If the valve has been welded, the second repair is not possible.

Attaching plastic valves has its technological features. In particular, their welding is done by special welding machine. -Mounting structure is composed solely of plastic elements. To connect the valve and pipe fittings both are heated to the required temperature. It is worth considering one detail - the trumpet warm outside, the crane is subjected to heat the inside of the pipe. Once the plastic is soft, the pipe is inserted into the tube and allowed to cool. Inside there is a molecular adhesion, which guarantees a complete seal assembly.

Feature installation and repair

Each species has its own water supply valve design features, which means that the installation will also have nuances. It is necessary that the diameter of the installed valve matches the diameter of the pipeline.

It should be noted that only the correct execution of the installation work will be able to ensure safer and more durable operation mechanism. Basic installation steps are as follows:

• Overlap pipe to stop the flow of water in the area to be set;
• Then the valves are opened to drain water remaining in work;
• If at the installation site offline thread, it is performed by the die or chaser required diameter for the external threads;
• To the resulting threaded locknut screwed. This is done at both ends of the pipe, which stop valve is installed;

• In the course of the thread winding wound linen or FCMs, for better sealing;
• The water supply valve is mounted and fixed with lock nuts.

these nuances to consider when installing:

• The location is selected to handle for opening and closing moving smoothly. Provide sufficient space for access to the mechanism in case of need of repair;
• When replacing old equipment to the new is often a need for additional length of the thread. This is due to corrosion, which can damage the part of the turns of twist and make the process more time consuming and less impervious;
• On the valve body indicates the flow direction of the manufacturer. When installing the need to observe the correct installation, that would be the right equipment and to work longer.

For repairs to restore the operability of the valve gate type. This type because of its repair mechanisms often break the rules become relevant:

• On hand to be a pipe wrench or adjustable. They are necessary to remove the head parts for the following;
• Above the seal is a nut, which must also be unscrewed with a spanner. The key chosen the right size, use pliers;
• Gaskets can be bought at the store. They are not expensive and are ready for use. You can make yourself at home. If there is a piece of rubber, then cut a circle the required diameter, make a hole in the center;
• The new gum is worn on the pin and a nut is clamped;
• As a knife to clean the internal gate and head parts;
• The external threads of the crane-carried axlebox winding sealant;
• Details are joined and gently booster pipe wrench. Here the main thing not to strip the threads. Therefore be zealous not worth much when tightening.