The main purpose of insulation - heat reduction in the building premises. Among the inorganic materials are often selected for insulation mineral wool. Mechanical properties, the quality of products related to the features of the raw material, the production technology. The consumer it is important to know what is best for mineral wool insulation of the house, outside and inside insulation of premises.
On the application of insulation
The general category of heaters, obtained by the method for separating raw fibers commonly called mineral wool.
Widespread use of an inorganic insulator is associated with high heat and sound insulating properties:
- construction engineering services;
- for the protection of industrial equipment;
- in the field of construction.
Main advantages of the mineral wool:
- completely absent organic elements in the product structure, which allows to make unlimited lifetime;
- is off - NG class NPB 244-97;
- material is breathable insulation - fibrous structure allows moisture vapor to pass redundant retained air circulation;
- It is not subject to decay, moldy;
- It does not attract insects, rodents;
- carries temperature fluctuations, exposure to aggressive environments.
Mineral wool is used in interior decoration according to building codes (SNIP), codes of conduct. The water vapor permeability of the material is particularly important for thermal insulation, sound insulation of wooden and stone structures. The high performance of the best types of mineral wool, reasonable price - the main factors for the choice of the consumer.
The main types of
The starting material, manufacturing technique determines future characteristics of the product, a variety of mineral wool. The main groups of the raw material type:
- rock (basalt);
- slag (slag);
- steklovolonnaya (glass).
basalt mineral wool
The raw material for the manufacture of a heater is a volcanic rock (basalt) or dolomite. The hardness and the fineness of the material do allow superthin (1-3 microns) fiber length up to 5 cm in mineral wool structure. Due to the small number of ingredients used by simple manufacturing techniques. The thermal conductivity of rock wool among the main types of heaters lowest.
Related article - which is better, polystyrene foam or mineral wool?
Advantages of this type are shown in the following characteristics:
- stiffness of the material in compression - installation of vertical sheets of insulation does not require supporting pillars;
- chemical resistance;
- durability (service life up to 50 years);
- low hygroscopicity - supported optimum humidity;
- high strength, elasticity;
- Good sound absorption - high degree of sound insulation;
- Flammability - 1000 ° C;
- environmental friendliness.
Stone wool can withstand load for reinforcing, plastering surface. insulation sheet is placed inside the wall, as a part of fire protection constructions.
High performance provide versatility basalt insulation.
Foiling stone wool increases the insulating properties of the product. When placing the sheet is important to guide the shiny surface of the side of the room.
In the basalt mineral wool is more convenient compared to other types of heaters due to the fact that the fiber manufacturer assumes genital forms.
The disadvantages of the material include:
- the formation of dust during work - need a mask or respirator;
- relatively high cost.
In practice, a high demand in the private construction of the stone mineral wool is maintained due to the fact that:
- plates quality meets the requirements of internal and external insulation wall;
- the complexity of the process is lower than in other types of mineral wool.
slag wool
The raw material for mineral wool production waste serve metallurgy - blast-furnace slag. Obtained in the processing of wool fibers to a length of 16 mm, a diameter of 4-12 microns - the smallest dimension due to the chemical composition of raw materials and processing technology.
Specific material properties limit its use in private construction, often use insulation for thermal protection of non-residential premises.
The advantages of slag wool include:
- possibility of mounting on a rounded, curved surfaces;
- quality sound insulation;
- fire resistance;
- Long-term use - up to 50 years;
- high chemical and biological stability;
- low cost.
Cons slag wool:
- low sintering temperature and application;
- hygroscopicity - possible application in the facade insulation, water;
- exposure to temperature fluctuations - reduced insulation quality;
- taunt during mounting;
- presence of phenol-formaldehyde resins which are harmful to health;
- low vibration resistance - load lead to subsidence of the material, increase the thermal conductivity;
- the acidity of the slag - incompatibility with metals at high humidity.
Secure application recommend slag wool for insulation of attics, cellars, residential structures, since the quality factor and the inconvenience in the work material is inferior to other types of insulation. its wider application in industrial situations.
Products are characterized by lower stiffness (compression). The level of good insulation is comparable to other types of mineral wool.
fiberglass
Manufacture of glass fiber material is based on the use of 80% cullet, silicon rock as a raw material. The addition of sand, soda ash, limestone and other ingredients does not exceed 20%. The mixture is melted, inflate centrifuge to obtain fine fibers whose length is about 5 cm. Performance of the article a good level, but for use with glass fiber material requires the use of remedies.
The widespread use of glass wool despite the large variety of alternative insulation is based on specific material advantages:
- chemical resistance;
- insulation uneven surface forms;
- good sound absorption;
- resistance to vibrations;
- low thermal conductivity;
- fire safety;
- low price.
Significant disadvantages of the material are as follows:
- high water absorption - need parozaschita;
- taunt;
- low heat resistance;
- the need for reliable isolation;
- life of up to 10 years, much less as compared to other heaters.
Working with glass wool requires special care: enhanced protection of eyes, respiratory tract, skin.
High friability fibers carries the risk of particles getting into the lungs, with mucous membranes, causing severe irritation, edema, allergic reactions.
Hersteller
From the use of proper insulation depends on the comfort and safety of people in the room. Leaders in the manufacture of mineral wool in the attempt to achieve a combination of products for construction advantages, product environmental performance while maintaining an acceptable price of the goods.
Feedback from consumers in the following ranking among the top brands.
Rockwool
The Danish company with factories in Russia. Produce stone wool with enhanced performance:
- Fire - fiber withstand up to 1000 ° C (600 ° C standard);
- Sound absorption - Product chosen for acoustic comfort;
- environmental;
- durability - retains quality indicators during operation;
- insulation.
More about Rockwool.
Paroc
In the manufacture of stone wool company identifies priority areas of quality, what are:
- energy savings, including heat;
- environmental friendliness;
- soundproofing;
- fire safety.
The manufacturer does not allow counterfeit implements dignity stone wool in full.
The downside is the high price.
Isover
The manufacturer produces two types of insulation: fiberglass and rock wool. This suits the builders, who need different materials under the terms of constructed objects. The best side of products - reduced "prickliness" products while maintaining high performance key indicators.
Value for money - the quality of the company in one of the best on the mineral wool market.
Knauf
Products represented by basaltic mineral wool insulation and glass fiber.
An important factor was the appointment of specialized products, as reflected in the names of:
- The acoustic septum;
- TEPLOSTEN;
- TEPLOkrovlya et al.
Eco-friendly material for construction work on the construction of residential houses. High price - only drawback.
IZOVOL
Attractive low price basalt products used for insulation of walls, facades, roofs. Qualitative indicators meet the standards. The disadvantage is a small shedding material into work. Especially popular areas - finish mineral wool Izovol attics and sloping roofs. Minvata different fire resistance, environmental friendliness, good performance of thermal insulation.
consumer choice
In the private construction of about 80% purchased a heater - a basalt stone and mineral wool, which are inherent in the universal quality characteristics. Slag wool and fiberglass are used often in the enterprises for the thermal insulation of concrete objects.
In practice, what is best for mineral wool insulation, need to be addressed, taking into account the specific structures, facilities, structures. The design solutions experts expect beforehand what the density of mineral wool is better to choose how to use the material properly.
Errors often occur not because of the quality of insulation, but because of its misuse. It is recommended to carefully study the information from the manufacturer about the characteristics and properties of the mineral wool, especially the use.