Baths ready projects 75 photo examples and diagrams

From ancient times, Russian bath surrounded mystique. Here, we not only washed, but also speculated on holidays. We had a private bath "variety" brownie - swab. Although in this place and the people were cleared of mud, it was considered bad, even things here trying not to bring into the house. Banka has always stood in the suburbs area. Many condition such placement evil spirits who seek to keep away from the house. In fact, everything was much more prosaic: even in those days there were fire safety standards. A log house or other type of wood constructions (logs, beams), which has a periodically Melt wood burning stove, a potential source of danger of accidental ignition. Even today, the traditional Russian bath, too, are trying to build at a certain distance from the private houses. Although now there are plenty of other options on how to wash and relax, pair is still holding a palm branch championship. The same therapeutic effect can not be obtained even in the most modern hot tub or a shower. Consider baths projects, methods of zoning options for the selection of furniture and design features.

design Features

The whole process of construction of the bath is divided into several milestones:

• Training. The choice of location. Creating a project with sketches, communication lines layout diagrams and dimensions of the whole structure, its individual buildings, high walls.
• The construction of the foundation, floors, walls, roofs.
• Carrying out internal works. The choice of equipment. Installing the stove, finishing work.
• Placement of furniture and decoration of premises.

The most difficult step is considered preparatory. If ill-conceived plan of action, then during operation may cause serious problems that have to deal with and distracted by the construction. Design professionals can be trusted and get your hands on a ready-made documentation. The most persistent are developing a project on their own. The article contains a number of tips for this category of people, which will facilitate their work and to help not to miss important aspects.

About the area

As for the area, it is a common standard for the baths do not exist. Each owner chooses the optimal size of construction, based on your family's needs and possibilities of the site. For example, on small estates where the apple has nowhere to fall, put a mobile sauna. If necessary, they can be moved around the site. On average, such a small bathhouse can accommodate no more than two people at a time. Its surface can be 2x2 m, 2h2.5 m, m 2x3 or 3x3 m, 3x4 m. In areas where there is still place for a constant bath, put compact, small-sized versions, consisting only of steam room, shower room and a small veranda, which performs the function room recreation. Typically, the dimensions of such buildings make up the 3x5 m, 3x6 m, 4x4 m, 4x5 m and 4x6 m. Bath area 4x8 or 5x5 m already considered quite large and are able to take time for a group of 5 people. This is not just a steam room and separate houses with several rooms where you can relax now.

Planning / Zoning

How many rooms will be under construction, should be addressed at the design stage. Disposition of the bath depends on its area. One room (dressing room, utility room) can fit compactly on 1 square meter, but for the rest area or the sauna is already required space. In large baths provide for the following interior:

• A small hallway.
• Waiting room or ozhidalnya. The compact version of their aligned with the entrance hall.
• Locker room.
• WC: toilet and shower. Sometimes they combine with dressing.
• Steam Room. This area is considered to be the main one.
• Lounge and cooling. For it is sometimes added a small kitchenette, buffet. For cooling in the summer near the bathhouse put gazebo or parked it outside terrace.
• Washing compartment or the pool, baptismal font. This supplement can be taken outside of the bath on the street or use the pond, the river, which are next to the plot.
• Utility Room. The rooms in which folded bannuyu utensils and appliances for cleaning.

The comfortable baths, enclosed with the luxurious mansions or estates, additionally equip the room for a rest, which is not limited to gatherings at the table. In such areas can be located billiard room, home cinema, area for board games and even a dance floor.

If the area of ​​one floor in the bath for the location of all the rooms is not enough, you should consider the draft of two-storey buildings. The budget is, of course, have to be increased, but the quality of recreation will increase several times. On the second floor, usually equips lounges.

With veranda or terrace

Baths with verandahs or terraces provide a company a splendid holiday in the fresh air, which is especially nice after sweltering steam when the cool breeze will cool quickly warmed by the body. The main advantage of these facilities consider the possibility of their resettlement after the completion of the main building. Veranda and terrace you can even tag on the original drawings. They are easy to build after the fact, when the owners realize that they need in such additional areas for recreation. A comfortable terrace and a veranda for those who love to barbecue. Outdoor air will not allow "to smoke" the whole company and the audience will not have to breathe the smoke. Hold coverage for groups at night to the terrace and gazebo are also quite easy: just one or two light bulbs in lampshades. The lack of windows compensate mosquito net. Among the shortcomings noted only the inability to use the site during the winter. Although there are glazed and insulated veranda.

With a swimming pool or the font

For spacious baths equip large swimming pools. Interior layout provides a possibility to use them all year round. compact font is selected for small banek. These reservoirs can have both central and angular location. If you place a bowl of water in the bath is not at all, then it endure beyond the construction, of course, when the plot size allows. The presence of the tank with cool water is very useful, since it is necessary to cool the body after strong heating. "Shock therapy" is considered part of contrasting procedures, which are useful primarily for the skin. In winter lovers of extreme sports in general prefer to plunge into the hole or flounder in the snowdrifts and snow sponge oneself. Many of these customs may seem wild and dangerous. In fact, it stresses the body, they almost do not bring as much warmed by the body loses part of normal sensitivity to cold. In rare cases, the font is replaced with barrels of water. Something reminiscent of such aggregates Japanese furako, but the water is not heated, and remains cold.

Furniture and equipment for baths

The bath is necessarily present a powerful source of heat - the oven. It is a living heart of the construction, which previously treated with a special thrill. Depending on the furnace material is classified into the following types:

• Brick. These units are quite massive and are heavy. Not recommended to put the oven made of brick in baths with a flimsy foundation. Fix clutch with sand and clay. Cement for the construction of these units are not used, because it can not withstand high temperatures.
• Metal. of iron and steel furnaces considered budget option. They are quite easy to install: the whole process is less labor intensive than with a brick counterpart. Metal units are ideal for those artists who build their own bath, but do not have the talent stove-maker.
• Kamenka. This is the "old-fashioned" option, which is still used in Russia. Stove ideal for the Russian baths. They are durable, reliable and safe.

According to the type of fuel used furnace is divided into the following types:

• Wood-fired and coal. Their use is appropriate, if there is a cheap source of fuel - wood or mine. Such units can help save money on bills for electricity or gas. Wood oven deemed the most natural, natural one. Even the type of fuel selected with special care, because different types of wood give a specific smell and have individual rates of heat transfer.
• Gas. Convenient, easy to use, but dangerous because of possible leakage of fuel furnace.
• Electrical. The safest option presented.

The main thing when choosing a furnace: the correct calculation of the conformity of its power and area of ​​heated space. Another important nuance for quality recreation is considered light. Light should be provided each bath room. In fact, all the rooms except for the changing room and steam retain atmosphere characteristic for normal living rooms. For this reason, wiring, sockets, switches them to choose the same as for a bedroom or a guest house.

But for the steam room and changing room is better to buy special equipment, which is designed to work in difficult conditions with high humidity and high temperatures. Even light bulbs should buy special. Furniture for the bath is selected according to the stylistic solution. The expensive apartments put luxurious sofas, chairs, tables with marble tops of designer collections. For simpler styles (country, Russian, Provence), a coarse, but functional furniture made of wood. To lounges enough concise set of benches and tables.

Where and what to build bathhouse

Place for a bath should be selected away from residential buildings. Recommend that a distance not less than 5 m. SNiPY standards prescribed distances between structures of different types (for manufacturing material structures, floors, buildings individual elements). Before the construction of these provisions need to be found, so that later it does not have to bear the full bath. The platform should be level. The slopes and the proximity of water bodies (moisture sources) may subsequently provoke the displacement of the foundation. If an equal place in the area is not present, use of bulk ground is carefully tamped. You can not put the bath next to a neighbor's fence. The distance should be at least 1 m. Property thus should not obscure part of another portion. You can not put the bath near the forest (the minimum distance - 15 m). It is also prohibited to place this building next to the wells, or wells. Special requirements apply to the baths, which are drowning in black. They do need to put in the suburbs, and the nearest building to observe a distance of 12 m.

All in the same SNIP states that in close proximity to the fence between the possessions of slope of the roof (pent) must "look" to your site, not adjacent. Otherwise, precipitation is possible to fill someone else's territory. The rule does not apply to flat roofs. Dual arranged in such a way that on the neighboring plot watched one of the gables.

The choice of foundation

The foundation for the building is of two types:

• belt;
• Columnar.

The most durable and strong belt is considered. foundation depth is calculated based on the level of the ground frost, which in different latitudes different. First, pull the desired pit depth. Its bottom poured sand layer. Then cover the cushion of crushed stone or other type of stone fines. After that, the entire "tape" is filled with concrete. Before curing the composition added to the reinforcing metal parts. Pier foundation is used only for single-storey light banek, which are made of wood. In fact, the building will stand on the pile system, which will raise it off the ground. Pier foundation is suitable for any type of soil (even in regions where permafrost), easily adaptable to sites with difficult terrain, quickly erected. After the construction of the foundations for the bathhouse start to work on the blind area.

Baths in the house

The bath houses mostly located on the ground, basement and first floors rarely. The combination of the residential part of the house and the sauna increases the risk of fire. Dry Finnish sauna in this respect are the most dangerous. Russian bathhouse with moist air or compact Japanese ofuro is much more reliable. Experts recommend choosing electric furnace, as it is most safe for such steam rooms. Also, the room should be thoroughly insulated from the residential part of the house to prevent the spread of a couple of other rooms, which may result from peeling wallpaper and blotted with a soft upholstery. However, the bath house and have a number of advantages, chief among them - the proximity of the object. To melt the oven, do not need to go outside the house. This is very useful especially in winter. Such banek usually can not go out and enjoy the snow or the pond, while not trodden and not get dirty floors in walk-through rooms.

Sauna wood

Baths are traditionally constructed from wood. Due to the presence of micropores on the surface of the wood, it "breathes", and during the heating releases therapeutic and aromatic particles. Do not recommend to build a bath of conifers, as they eventually are covered with resin. Leader in wood construction materials is considered to be a bar. It is a carefully planed logs. Beam can be different: corrugated, laminated, non-planed, one-piece, round. It is reliable, environmentally friendly and durable. It is considered to be the most durable laminated veneer lumber. It is obtained by bonding the dried lamellas followed by fixing by molding. Unfortunately, like any other wood, timber rot. However, special impregnation help slow down this process. Over time, the material is reduced in size. The most active shrinkage in solid timber. Material well keeps heat in the bath. Not so long ago a new word appeared in the construction market - «SIP-panel". They are a kind of "sandwiches" and consist of two sheets of the SIR, the gap between which is filled with polystyrene foam. The material can not be considered harmless, but it is qualitatively retains heat in the room and can withstand even very low temperatures. Look of SIP-panels is very clumsy, so need a decorative finish. The practice of using them in the construction came to us from Canada. Fragile, at first glance, the panel has a good performance. Since the material is easy to work, and the building itself will turn out quite easily. Harmonize with wooden bathhouse will track from the gravel or small pebbles, manicured lawns, rare mixborders or beds in the tubs, low streetlights.

Freestanding brick

Baths of bricks have higher periods of operation than similar buildings made of wood and its derivatives. In terms of material costs, this option will pay off over time, twice, or even three times. For the construction of using not only conventional brick, but also concrete, gas silicate, foam block. These materials have a very unattractive appearance, therefore, require a decorative finish. Silicate blocks made of water, lime, aluminum powder and sand. During mixing they begin to give off gas, which provides the "building blocks" of a porous structure, so they are rather easy. Foam blocks are made from water, sand, cement and a foaming agent. Shrinkage of the material depends on the quality of mixing of the components during form filling. Because of this high foam blocks geometry error in (3 cm). Aerated concrete - another kind of artificial brick. Although the term of its operation more than 50 years, and in the classification of the flammability of material is refractory, sometimes at close proximity to sources of fire units can explode. Brick buildings on the site will be in harmony with the stone walls and garden paths of compacted rubble, neat benches along the park alleys, rock gardens and rockeries.

varieties baths

The practice of steam in a special room / container present in almost all cultures. But every country has its own traditions and peculiarities of visiting the baths. And they were formed over many centuries. The longest "bath" of history can be considered as Japanese and Russian. In the first case affected thrust Eastern nations to carefully preserve their traditions, which they sneaked through the generations. The situation with the Russian bathhouse importance is the simplicity and accessibility of the washing methods that have always played a major role for our rights. Here are four of the most popular options, which have been recognized not only at home but also abroad.

Russian

Initially, Russian bathhouse drowned in black. Pipes at the furnace was not, so the smoke goes directly into the sweat lodge, where swirling warmed walls. After that he went out into the street through the holes in the roof, walls (small windows) and the half-open door. Then bathhouse ventilated to ensure that it had no carbon monoxide. After that all the doors, windows closed, and washed the soot from the shops and the steam room was ready for use. In this way the black space called warm because of the ceiling and walls in this room are smoked. To periodically increase moisture in the steam is required to put the stones and the water tank. The fluid was poured onto the heated stones, it is instantly evaporated again and the air becomes humid. In a black bath only stoked the poor. By the way, washed only once a week - on Saturday evening. Firstly, during the work, people did not have time to melt the bathhouse every day, it was easier to pay procedure a day. Saturday - the first weekend, and on Sunday went to church, that it was impossible to do as dirty. Bath day stretched from lunch until evening. Visited a group of guys (women and children, and then the men). Do not disdain bathhouse and sovereigns. The Romanov dynasty practice to visit the pair constant. Over time, Russian bathhouse become more beautiful and noble. A classic material is still considered to be wood, but now its ornately decorated with carvings. By building attached Hot cold water - a small reservoir, which can quickly cool down. Premises in the bath was more: the added rest rooms, swimming pools, summer kitchens or canteens. But the principle of the procedure, as well as the therapeutic effect of it, remained unchanged.

An important attribute of Russian banya is considered a broom. They are knitted from birch, alder, linden, medicinal herbs. The procedure itself is preparing to use a broom can take up to six months. First carefully selected twigs, more specifically they bind. Next, dried twigs, steamed, and only then they can be used in the bath.

Finnish

Finnish sauna - the main competitor of Russian log Bath. Outwardly, the two steam rooms are very similar, although they have some striking differences. Firstly, in Russian baths maintains a high humidity level (about 90%) and rather gentle temperature conditions. In the Finnish sauna "dry" steam. The moisture level does not exceed 30%, and the ceiling temperature may reach 160 degrees. In the Finnish sauna provides an arrangement of shelves at different levels. Those who do not like shock thermal effect, choose a place closer to the floor. Thrill prefer benches near the ceiling. The Finnish saunas do not use brooms. In the context of such hot and dry air blow bars easily burn the skin. Not attached to a sauna and a font. Finns prefer to cool off in the spacious swimming pool. Many argue about what useful sauna: Russian or Finnish. In fact, the two pairs have a therapeutic effect on the body. The only question is individual preferences: some like it dry guy, and someone prefers moist hot air Russian bathhouse.

Japanese

Japanese bath bear little resemblance to those guys, to which we are all accustomed. Eastern culture is really very different from ours and that the Japanese has become customary for the rest of the world may seem interesting and original, and sometimes even strange. To start sort out the types of baths, which are used in Japan. There were three:

• ofuro;
• sento;
• Furako.

Ofuro is a wooden box of rectangular shape with thick walls filled with sawdust or pebbles. The contents of the container is heated, after which the person is immersed in it. In addition to temperature effects on the body, gravel has even massage effect. Ofuro - the form of compact baths, which not only does not occupy much space in the room, but also easy to cobble together their own hands. Furako - small font, which is divided into two parts. In one arranged stalls and here the water is poured. In another part of the heating element is arranged. Most often, in his role is played by wood or electric stove. Hot water is initially perceived by man hard, but gradually the body gets used to the temperature and relaxes. Sento - a swimming pool filled with hot water. In fact, it's the same furako, but for large companies. The only sento come clean before the procedure, be sure to take a shower. In the pool there is a special apparatus, which heats the water. The Japanese love the contrasting water treatments. So first take a cold shower and then swim in the hot pool. Each entry lasts no more than 15 minutes.

hammam

Hammam (hamam) - a traditional Turkish bath. For a sample of the Roman baths were taken for her. Unlike the Finnish sauna, where the room cased with wood, tiled hammam trim. The unusual name comes from the Arabic word "ham", which translates as "hot." In fact, the average temperature in the Turkish baths does not exceed 60 degrees and the humidity level reaches 100%. Hammam is perfect for those who can not tolerate "dry steam" sauna and high temperatures, as this creates a gentle atmosphere. In the first place in this category include the cores, and people who have problems with pressure. Hammams in Turkey are still popular. Almost in every village there is a bath-house, and in the capital of the state, there are over a hundred. And there are modern buildings like the original design, and the beautiful, ancient hammams, which soared back in the old days the distinguished guests.

Design

The baths embody a variety of styles, but there is a group of destinations that are very popular among designers. These include:

• Rustic or country. Simple, concise style is perfect for decorating the cozy saunas on summer residences. For construction use wood (CYLINDRICAL bar). The decoration also use wood and raw stone with a natural, rough surface. The decor in the room performed with his own hands: the tracks are woven textile remnants, tablecloths decorated with embroidered curtains in cheerful cell sew linen or burlap.
• Russian ethnic style. He is in many ways similar to a village, but the situation is added attributes exclusively domestic Interior: samovars with a necklace of bagels, painted pottery, towels (embroidered towels) glechiki (Clay pots). Furniture in the bath carved independently. Colorful will look massive benches and a table whose surface is rough-hewn. To be inspired by Russian culture, it is sufficient to provide the taiga village, abandoned in the snow, but surrounded by the incredible beauty of the harsh northern nature.
• Chalet style. This direction is used in the design of residential houses in the alpine villages. The ceilings are decorated with massive wooden beams. Sami bathhouse knocking together of wood. In the interior there are as rough surfaces and refined details. It should be noted that the main difference from the country chalet is cold style of elegance, which is alien to the simple village. In the recreation room are always present trophies: antlers on the walls, animal skins. In order not to deprive yourself of the joy of beholding the beauty of the surrounding, room glaze panoramic windows.
• Scandinavian style. Much like a chalet, but is more severe and emphatic. The Scandinavian-style attach special importance to the color palette. It becomes the basis for the white - the color of snow. It is complemented by a blue, blue, green and sometimes brown. Scandinavian style embody the spacious baths, as for the direction to the free space. Decor use little. Be sure to set the panoramic windows.
• High tech. Modern, high-tech style, which is difficult to combine with the traditional Russian baths. If you execute the construction in this area, you have to forget about the colorful wooden tubs and fluffy birch broom. To set the temperature, just press a few buttons on the remote. To add a pair, you simply set the timer. High-tech only recognizes innovative technologies. Bani contemporary trim (often artificial) materials that are not afraid of high temperature and humidity. The color palette prevails gray, white and black. A relaxation room decorated with glass and chrome surfaces.
• Minimalism and Japanese style. These areas can be easily combined into one group, because the first originates in the second. For minimalism characteristic of quiet colors, where white predominates. Decor in interior practically absent. Furniture purchased along functional lines. In the Japanese style in the decoration use only natural materials: wood, bamboo veneer and a little less. The furniture is simple, concise and low. "Anatomic" in the common room you can organize all of the mats and cushions. Special romantic interior will give a group of netsuke figurines on a shelf and lanterns-Totoro.
• Classic style. Direction recognizes only luxury. The rest of the room interior used expensive fabrics, richly decorated with ornaments and gold threads. The preference is given to finishing polished stones and rare woods. A relaxation room decorated with fine sculptures, paintings, mirrors. Furniture purchased the massive, decorated with inlays and carvings.

Stylistic design is selected based on the aesthetic preferences of owners. In addition to these areas, the baths often embody Provence (another kind of country), Deco, luxury loft, antique and ethnic styles.

conclusion

Rus bath surrounded special honor. This place gave sacred meaning, are purified, not only the body but the soul. In Eastern culture, this process would be called meditation. Even it thought that the owner of the best, one bath beautiful, that is, human domesticity judged not by the state of his hut. Together with then from the body really out toxins and wastes, and with regular visits to the sauna improves the condition of the respiratory and circulatory systems. However, abuse and such procedures are not necessary. No wonder our ancestors bathed in the bath once a week. This is sufficient for complex rehabilitation without harm to the body. Bathhouse on the site - a great alternative to cramped showers and baths. It can not only relax, but also to arrange sittings between trips to the steam room in the close circle of family and friends.