Projects of country houses: ready drawings and diagrams +100 Photo examples

In the past, a time when 6 acres were 2 buildings: trailer-cabins and wooden toilet with a door carved into a heart. Now the projects of country houses varied them build miniature cottages for summer living and a large country cottages with loft, terrace, sauna and pool, where you can dwell in the summer, to spend New Year's days with comfort or reside year-round.

SNIP requirements for the construction of holiday homes

Preparation for construction starts with a thorough work on documents, after think through how to fit everything that will fit designs. Information, which dictates the rules to ensure the comfort and safety of residents and their neighbors, set out in the technical regulations SNIP.

If necessary, a permanent registration, the rules are binding. SNT services will also be available only after appropriate validation.

The main provisions snip:

1. Sewerage system in the country is not necessary, the toilet can be supplied plain, but the source of drinking water (pipeline, well) must be present.
2. To lovers of monumental structures do not create a nuisance to neighbors, the rule prescribes to erect them no closer than 3 meters to the fence between sites.
3. If there are directions Mezhuyev villas, the house must defend from the "red line" for 3 m, if it is a full street - 5 m.
4. To minimize the risk of fire the space in between buildings regulated. Housing of stone, concrete, block structures should be separated by not less than 6 m, wooden - 15, with wooden overlappings - 8 m, if present, and stone, and wood - 10 m. Mezhuyev well and lavatory compost area should be at least 8 m.
5. Fire safety standards for residential building complex to perform, but with only one or two floors, the requirements for fire resistance of materials for the construction of a much softer.
6. If the villa covers an area of ​​6-12 cells under development should not be more than 30% of its area.
7. The border between the territories enclose grill, netting, their minimum height - 1.5 m.
8. Registered as trees location rules. But these nuances stipulate with its neighbors, members of the CNT, as well as the erection of the Deaf fences height above the norm.
9. The project must include height living rooms 2.2 m, utility rooms - 2 m.

As for engineering structures:

• waste water is not outputted to the adjacent portion;
• liquefied gas from cylinder 12 L is stored in a metal box, which is located not less than 5 m from the entrance, or constructed of hard flammable materials annexe;
• on the site are only individual wiring, the electric meter with lead seal is in the house;
• this year introduced a provision by which the house must be equipped with a radio, it is necessary for public warning about natural disasters, man-made accidents.

The materials used for construction of houses

Technological advances have turned his attention to the construction. Modern technology reduces the process, both in time and in financial terms. Other materials are so simple in handling and installation, which allow you to work with them for those who have no experience in construction. Roofed, insulate the walls, many will be able to own hands.

The correct choice of material depends on the cost of construction, its speed, reliability and durability of construction, and other important parameters. The choice of material is solved step by step.

Foundation

Before you define the type of foundation study features of the local climate, the soil, the degree of load on the foundation. Find out the kind of soil, the level of freezing, as groundwater deep placed directly on the area. When close-lying groundwater should abandon basement design base Built to make a raised, use anti-corrosive metal screw piles or asbestos design. In drawing up the budget mean that the foundation arrangement will go about a quarter of the amount of total expenditure.

Columnar or pile foundations

The foundation, which consists of buried pillars - the most budget option. It is applicable in single-storey buildings with low weight (made of wood, shield or frame). Poles installed in the corners, in projections of joints of walls, partitions. Are combined together by means of a metallic or wooden grillage. Where soils are able to swell or move, pier foundation is not appropriate. It also does not allow the design of basement space.

The base of the building, consisting of a group of piles, combined with concrete, wooden or iron raft, used most often in waterlogged soils, prone to swelling. The piles are easy to install, does not require complex preliminary excavation. They are allowed to build a compact structure of brick, wooden log houses, frame houses. Not heavy cottages mounted on screw piles.

Piles comfortable on soft peat and clay soils in areas with frequent flooding on the hillsides. It does not even need to align the place of the foundation.

Strip foundation

Disposition of the type of foundation should match the perimeter of the house, the location of internal partitions. Its constructed of brick, rubble, concrete. Strip foundation is quite stable and has high wear resistance, can withstand heavy panel, brick walls, big blocks. time and financial costs are considerable.

Small holiday home does not require a lot of penetration and investments. In areas of wet intumescent deep soil freezes needed a more economical type of foundation.

The base in the form of a monolithic reinforced plate

Reinforced concrete structure will secure base bunk or three-storey buildings. Slab foundation is beneficial to soil, bloating, where it moves without any consequences, which is why it is also called floating. In addition to the main, it has an additional function of the sub-floor in the house.

The cost of slab foundation are quite acceptable. Less design - the impossibility of arrangement under the villa building basement, cellar.

Wall Materials

The walls are different quality and cost. To determine the optimal material are repelled from the purpose of the building. The buildings, designed for year-round use strong and durable materials. Most popular now, the core technology:

• when the walls are built from bricks or blocks by their wet-laid on a solution;
• carcass assembly, ready-made panels collect as a designer.

Frame or shield

Built in a short time, belong to a class "economy." The foundation walls - wooden frame with insulation. The house is good for the time of construction, for a young family who wants to quickly acquire their own housing.

According to this technology in Europe, the US is building for a long time. The Russian latitudes, before settling on this method, you must weigh the positive and negative aspects. Quality materials are important because their improper storage, coupled with a lack of skills, relevant experience of the builders give a result uninhabitable house.

What to consider when choosing a project:

• without insulation tenants will suffer from increased noise level;
• on poorly processed design elements in a humid environment with time there is a fungus;
• a high risk of fire;
• ventilation is poor;
• brick or stone house will stay much longer, no matter what the manufacturer says.

Shlakolitye

Apply only materials that provide high performance. Slag is combined with cement, clay. Stronger product obtained if allowed in the case of lime instead of clay. In addition to an affordable price, a building material has:

• good thermal insulation, which has a positive effect on the climate;
• cinder blocks are relatively large in size, thereby requiring less labor, construction time is reduced.

What could scare:

• in shlakoblochnogo structure are difficulty during the installation of communication systems;
• small degree of insulation;
• required internal and external decoration, blocks have an unattractive appearance;
• need protection against weathering.

Gas or foam blocks

Category is the most sought-after materials. When producing using sand, cement, water, which provides environmental cleanliness. Differences - in addition. Aerated concrete is prepared using a blowing agent powder which creates in the structure of the channel system. At the foam inside the air pores thanks to a special foaming agent. Porosity helps breathability than ensures a healthy microclimate. The advantages include:

• good sound absorption, thermal insulation;
• easiness that allows to build quickly, save on the foundation;
• fire safety;
• Gas silicate blocks easy to handle any tool due to their high porosity;
• the ability to use different materials for finishing.

There are disadvantages:

• due to the porosity gazoblokov building walls become permeable, requires a vapor barrier;
• concrete blocks low-strength, shrinkage crack house from these raw materials must be well reinforced.

Sandwich panel houses

Sandwich panel houses erected quickly, inexpensively. Panels with a three-layer structure, the middle insulating layer on both sides of the pressed wood, metal, plastic plate or magnesite. Constructions of SIP-panels are lightweight, durable, they are easy to transport, assemble.

Benefits:

• small transport costs, quick installation;
• homes are not built above the second floor, the panels are connected by special locks, special equipment is required, a strong foundation too;
• construction is carried out at any temperature air;
• the need for internal finishing is absent, the panel already have it, exterior finish - any;
• additional insulation is not required, SIP panels for thermal insulation properties are much greater than other materials;
• carry out communication convenient, rodents, fungus in the walls do not live;
• there is a possibility of subsequent upgrades for repairs.

Without flaws also does not do:

• the construction should be involved only professionals with a bad leak at the joints arise cold bridges, freezing;
• for the construction of a residential house needed a material with non-toxic excipients;
• in-house thermos need mechanical ventilation.

Timber or log house

Wooden houses - always the beauty and ecology. They are not hot in summer, warm in winter, they "breathe". Modern building materials subjected special treatments in order to protect against parasites, moisture, make more fireproof. House of shaped timber shrinks about a year. In the houses of laminated veneer lumber immediately proceed to finishing work, time for shrinkage is not required, but the price is much higher.

Construction of log houses - a laborious process, it is not master their own hands. It needs a strong team of skilled cutters, a lot of time and money. All stages of construction alternate with expectation of shrinkage. If not built room, and at least one-storey house on piles and columns do not have to count as a foundation. In the future, the structure will require constant care from the owner: anti-mold, parasites, caulking periodically, timely fight against dampness.

Brick or stone buildings

The use of stone construction ensures reliability, beauty and durability. Stone houses look impressive, they give any form. Pros stone building:

• lack of influence on them of fungi and other parasites;
• resistance to the adverse effects of wind, rain, temperature fluctuations;
• high thermal conductivity (less for the winter).

Shortcomings few, but they also have:

• the great mass of the stone house will require a well-buried basement.

The same negative inherent houses of brick. Besides:

• brick walls are heated for a long time, slowly cool down; Winter takes a few days to warm up long heated room;
• "Wet" building works can not be carried by a strong frost or rain;
• stuff is not cheap, the work requires him to attract qualified, therefore, expensive specialist.

Brick, like a stone, beautiful and eco-friendly, but, unlike him, "breathes". The brick house is a good sound insulation. The best properties has ceramic brick. Silicate denser and absorbs moisture.

In order to reduce costs and the burden on the foundation, brick replaced by hollow or spread of it lightweight wall with a cavity between two parallel clutches, which is filled with insulating material. If necessary, spread in one wall brick, and provide protection from the cold insulation.

Installation and roofing

Choosing roofing materials, pay attention to their performance, specifications, price.

ceramic tile

Classic material is suitable for any stylistic direction. With the roof tile coated with a complex configuration, the individual elements can be replaced over time without difficulty. The material is so beautiful that other coatings often try to imitate it.

Tiles made of clay on old technologies, which have not changed. The porous structure protects against heat and cold, and to lower water permeability of the outer surface is treated agnobom, glaze. The roof is well protected from the noise itself absorbs sounds. "Stomp" pigeons, heavy rain the hosts will not be disturbed.

Disadvantages include brittleness, a large mass that must be considered at the design stage of the roof, during transportation and installation. The cost of material to work with them rather big.

Cement-sand tile

Appears on its face close to the natural, but it's concrete structure. CHR weighs well, which leads to an increase in the cost of all parts of the building: foundation, walls, rafters system. With proper installation of such roof wind will not carry away.

As to the shortcomings, the main - is a big cost, "thanks" to the cement in the composition absorbs moisture. At the end of 5-7 years have seen the development of mold, moss, under-roof waterproofing joints misted. Rough surface retards the snow, affecting the supporting structures. Installation complex due fragmented, it also contributes to leakage. Durability is small, a fallen tree branch may cause severe damage: to replace one fragment each cherepichku spun from the ridge to reach the replacement location.

bitumen roof

Another name - a soft roof. Reminiscent of roofing material, but the composition - fiberglass sheet, which is filled with bitumen. To increase the strength of the front side is applied basalt stone or slate chips, the inside - surface of the adhesive. Perfect solution for non-standard design of the roof, which has a complex geometry.

Aesthetically pleasing, well absorbs sounds bends. Among the shortcomings:

• burns;
• brittle in the cold;
• melts, it exudes the smell of intense heat.

metal

Is a galvanized sheets coated polymer. The shape is similar to the traditional tiles. Product quality depends on the thickness, the density of the protective coating, the number of layers. It is important that the material is made on what equipment. In the presence of geometrical errors bed sheets not work without gaps. Dimensions, color metal diverse.

The material is easy to transport, easy to install, has a low weight. Something that may not like in the operation - noise. Another disadvantage of - during assembly produces a lot of waste. Manufacturers promise to one hundred years of operation.

Slate

Reliable material having a compositional basis cement, which strengthens the asbestos fibers. Inexpensive, well it insulates noise. Asbestos eventually emit harmful substances, not in each country is allowed to use it.

On the quality is much better and longer it is shale slate. He's a little lighter, somewhat irregular in shape. Qualitative withstand the weight of a person, if you stand on it. Roof both types behave well protected from the weather, noise. Should only be careful during transportation. Complex architectural elements will work out if unlikely.

Decking

For those who prefer a low cost, rather than external signs, galvanized steel sheets in the course. Scope wide: this roofing material, and decorative paneling. Steel sheet used not only for the roof, it serves as a replacement for wooden walls, serves as the intermediate floors, it is a fence, a wall of the shed, garage. They sheathe balcony, make light roof over the veranda, porch, terrace.

Installation is simple, safe operation of long period. Disadvantage - very noisy.

Flanged steel roof

Rating earned strength, ease, rapidity of installation. Moreover, the installation is carried out not necessarily on site. Special flanged eliminates leakage, galvanized steel does not corrode even at the seams. Among the shortcomings - the increased noise, poor impact resistance.

Material used in the apparatus eaves, is used for the wall troughs, gutters, combining with other kinds of roofs.

copper roof

Length of service (up to 150 years) due to its invulnerability. The reddish color is replaced on the first brown, then nearly black due to the patina which protects the metal from corrosion. Repair of the copper coating is not difficult. Change the sheet or strip is not necessary, at the injury site just applied patch and brewed it. After a time - this place will not be noticeable.

Poor in copper roof - it is unnecessarily thermal conductivity, making it difficult in the hot summer, in the winter, you may need to use a deicer system. Tightness of joints is not always flawless.

A new copper roof does not need maintenance, cleaning, dyeing. Metal is absolutely harmless and even has anabolic properties. Thin sheets take the form of any surface with copper may be any architectural experiments.

Equipping internal partitions

Internal partitions divide the house on the hospitality room, zone, according to the plan. Their basis - lags, rather than the foundation. These structural elements are made of foam blocks, brick veneer. Depending on the design of the room, use glass, wood, used in the decoration of lumber, plywood, OSB, chipboard.

Before selecting think through a number of nuances:

1. The degree of sound insulation between rooms.
2. How close to the wall will be in the furnace or the moisture sources.
3. Will I have access to certain networks.
4. How likely is the possibility of redevelopment in the future.
5. Will the walls be erected at the construction stage or are already on the "clean" finish.

Warming

Insulation work is carried out outside the building, on the inside or the thermal isolator is disposed within the wall during construction. It can be used a combination of several methods. The most popular exterior insulation, which extends the life of the house, protects against cooling, freezing.

The most common types of insulation - mineral wool, foam or slabs of extruded polystyrene. Any work on the thermal insulation is carried out at a temperature above zero (+ 5-25 ° C), in a strict sequence. This will help prevent the formation of condensation, mold, mildew.

exterior decoration

Facing front, in addition to the decorative function, it has a purely utilitarian value. It protects against weather, endure trite hit the ball, do not fall from a collision with a wheelbarrow. Brick, stone wall or frame does not require additional facade decoration. Other materials will prolong the service life, better keep the microclimate of internal premises, if the facade sheathing further.

Finishes are not considered:

1. Facade plaster.
2. Fiber cement boards. Look modest, but the house in the village of the same.
3. Croaker, other sawmill waste. The costs are small, but will make the original look of the house.
4. Natural stone or artificial imitation.
5. Metal (siding, decking, steel kortenovskaya).
6. Mosaic.
7. Many others.

Options for holiday houses projects

The most popular projects of beams, logs, or the proposed construction on frame technology. For those who prefer capital structures suitable model projects Block Homes of silicate blocks, expanded clay. Leaders demand are single-storey mini-villas, houses with attic, polycarbonate garage. Finished projects chalet adapted to the specific needs of the family.

The project is a small one-story house

Country house of modest size will provide a comfortable stay in it. Compact cottage in one level provides for the fireplace inside, covered terrace outside. When planning a family vacation, you can choose a project where the bedroom is on the second level. If funds are available, choosing option allows a lodging. Lovers of contemporary style will stop on the design with a flat roof.

The house is a medium-sized

Usually it is the structure of the classical form, about 10x10 with simple shapes and a gable roof. It provides a closed kitchen and a covered terrace. In addition an extra room that can be converted into a library, an office, a guest, there is a technical room for tools, garden machinery. For the bedroom, located in the attic, adjoining balcony. To keep warm in the winter, provide the platform.

The structure of a large size

If you have a large family, the building is planned to be used as a living and not only in summer, build capital house made of logs, timber, develop a project of the brick house with an attic insulation or even a full second floor. The first floor has a kitchen, living room. The bathroom is usually placed here. On the second floor bedroom plan, possible office or other premises.

The house with an attic

Possible summer and winter version. For year-round use of the attic homes left without insulation, insulate only the first floor and making a tight entrance between the two levels. To increase the free space of the attic, slightly lift the wall and the roof do not gable and sloping.

Terraced house

The covered terrace is very convenient for groups on summer evenings, playing with seeds, seedlings. Her plan can be developed together with the plan of the house and provide a common foundation. Most often it later parked on a separate columnar, pile foundations. The roof can also be fitted separately. On top of the foundation is laid wood flooring, located above the ground surface. The design is always open.

A house with a glazed porch

The veranda is more convenient to build at the same time to the house, because private foundation will allow grab no more than 2 m. Veranda is adjacent to the walls of the 1-2-3. Its partially or completely are glazed to give an additional room, where equipped with a living room, a kitchen, a sports area. During the summer, the windows can be completely open. If the extension is not planned for the property, it is equipped inexpensive pent roof, harmonizing with the overall design.

House with garage

Garage, adjoined to the house or placed on the ground level, will greatly save space. Such planning should think in advance where to place the door into the room to the veranda and the entrance hall did not penetrate petrol fumes.

Two-storey house

For modest size portion has a sense to increase the living space cottages due to the second floor. The load on the foundation at the same time increased slightly, to 60 percent. The floors and the roof is also not take away extra money. You have to spend money on the intermediate floors and walls.

The holiday house with a sauna or a sauna

A separate building will cost more, so with an extension option is more advantageous. Even with the simultaneous construction of residential buildings and baths, they are put on different foundations and the walls between them carefully isolated to prevent cracks. Even better, if the corridor junction, or at least the canopy will be provided between rooms. Take water treatments will be more difficult to catch a cold, and the walls of the house are well waterproofed. If the bath or sauna adjacent to the house, in the adjacent wall can be built from the oven at home. Housing useful bath room quickly dries.

House with a bay window

Curly protrusions of various forms are organically only with different architectural designs. They parked after the construction of the main building. An extra area has a winter garden or office. As the foundation act cantilever slab. They are inserted into the supporting wall, its pre-amplified.

conclusion

Modern cottage cottager uses not only for cultivation and subsequent pickling cucumbers, although there are many people who love to dig in the ground to grow a new variety of tomatoes or exotic fruit. Structures in the form of rickety shed today is not a trend, the majority wants a comfortable and interesting recreation for the city to gain strength for the upcoming work week. On the suburban area do not come to work hard and have a good time, play with children, to roast barbecue, drink a glass of friends. Therefore, the cottage is now equipped with universal houses, and the area around, in addition to the beds, occupied by ponds, lawns and flower beds. Beauty and use.