Refrigerator repair by own hands

Modern life of a person is filled with a wide variety of household appliances. Not all of them are so necessary, but without some simply not do, for example - without a refrigerator. It's a shame when such a necessary technique breaks down. Is it possible to repair the refrigerator with your own hands or is it necessary to call a specialist? Let's look at the answer in our article.

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Completion

A modern diagram of such equipment is presented:

• Thermostat of the cold storage chamber;
• Temperature compensation switch;
• Heater;
• Overheat protection relay;
• Compressor;
• Overcurrent protector;
• Contact on the door;
• Lamp.

Important! The work of the protective relay from overheating is based on a bimetallic plate. When heated to a certain temperature, it expands and opens the circuit. As the temperature decreases, the plate takes its original size and the circuit closes.

The hermetic refrigeration unit includes:

• Motor-compressor;
• Condenser;
• Evaporator.

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How the

operates The most common motor-compressor is located below. This system is closed, in which freon circulates:

• When the motor-compressor is running, the Freon vapor from the evaporator is sucked in and it enters the cylinder.
• After - pressurized hot CFC vapors from the cylinder into the condenser under pressure.
• Since the capillary tube has a small cross section, the Freon pressure becomes higher.
• Further condensation takes place, as a result - liquid refrigerant accumulates on the final turns of the coil.
• Freon is in the evaporator and boils due to low pressure.

Thus, the heat from the refrigerating chamber is absorbed. Then the refrigerant is again in the condenser.

Important! The principle of the protective device from overcurrents is based on the electromagnet. At occurrence of overcurrents there is an attraction of a core in a winding to poles of a magnetic core. In this case, the contact is opened and the power line is disconnected. When the current stabilizes, the return spring returns the rod to its home position and closes the electrical network. The heater is represented by an ordinary filament spiral.

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Diagnose the problem

Before performing the repair of the refrigerator will self-diagnose, you need to determine what is broken.

Drainage

Bad indication is the appearance of water under the freezer or under the household appliance itself. The reasons for this are as follows:

• Clogging of drainage;
• Overflow of the condensate collection tank;
• Leaks in drainage tube.

Compressor

It is highly recommended to perform a compressor check. This part is very expensive, besides, repair of the compressor of the refrigerator is practically impossible and economically unprofitable.

To find out if it is fixed, we perform a number of such actions:

1. First we unscrew the bolts located at the bottom on the back cover.
2. Four wires are used to connect the compressor power:
   • of blue and brown color - phase;
   • yellow and green - grounding;
   • for the power supply are designed wire black and blue.
3. During the test, all contacts are disconnected, and then only brown cables are connected, using a metal copper jumper.
4. After closing the circuit, the power supply is connected.

Important! If the compressor does not start working, it needs to be replaced.

System No Frost

In this case, the refrigerator is equipped with special equipment for dispersing air through the freezing and refrigerating chambers. Due to this, no icing occurs.

The fan is powered by the compressor. For verification, the rear wall of the freezer is removed and a connection is made to the two fan contacts.

Important! If the fan does not start when the power is connected, it needs repair.

Fuse

It is made in the form of a small metal cylinder, welded into plastic. Its location is a freezer. This spare part is designed to control the temperature drops and protect the heater.

A simple multimeter is used for testing. If it shows the presence of current when the device is applied to the plastic, a fuse must be replaced.

Timer

Its type of part can be mechanical or electronic. In the dismantling of the mechanical there is nothing difficult - it can be done by one's own hands, but the diagnosis of electronic is better to entrust to professionals.

Important! In order to turn off the electronic timer, the electrical circuit shown on the wall of the refrigerator behind is used.

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We repair the refrigerator

In some cases, it is possible to repair the refrigerator yourself, without causing a master at the same time.

Freon leak

The leakage of refrigerant is most often noticeable. But if it could not be detected, it is necessary to pump freon through the tube on the compressor, which is usually sealed. Then air is pumped. The pressure should be small in this case. The air coming out of the gap will hiss.

To remove the hole you will need a soldering iron, otherwise you can not cope. After repair freon in full volume is pumped back into the system.

Important! In most cases, repair of such a malfunction is best entrusted to qualified masters.

Change the thermostat

Usually, the relay is not affected by the absence of cold in the chamber. To check:

• Cables are cut off, which lead to the relay from the plug and from it to the refrigerator itself.
• Then they are closed together.
• If the item has started working - the problem is found.

Important! Most often in this case simply replace the thermostat.

Freezing of the products does not occur

Often in the diagnosis there are no faults. This indicates that the technical side has no problems.

The violation of the process of freezing products is due to problems with rubber gaskets between the camera and the door. The gap leads to a depressurization and a cold leak that the compressor generates.

Important! In this situation, the rubber contours are simply replaced. To fix them use glue or epoxy resin.

Too cold

Sometimes the master can incorrectly adjust the refrigerator. There is a violation of the factory temperature regime. Performance of adjustment works is unlikely to succeed - you will have to turn to specialists.

Important! As practice shows, the temperature regime does not change immediately, but after the technology has been used for some time. In addition, very severe freezing can occur due to refrigerant leaks.

Noise and Vibration

The appearance of noise and rattles indicates the incorrect installation of the refrigeration unit, as a result - the normal operation of the electric motor is impossible. Such a problem can not be discarded, since with the functioning of modern equipment, there is practically no noise.

Important! To eliminate excess noise and vibration, the equipment is exposed using a building level.

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Prevention

In order to avoid problems with the refrigerator as rarely as possible, you must follow some simple rules:

• The regulator should not be in the extreme position( the coldest).Lowering the temperature in the refrigerator will be negligible, and the compressor will have to work at the limit, which will greatly reduce the period of its operation. In addition, the electricity consumption will increase.
• Often compressors break due to power surges. If such a phenomenon is not uncommon in your area, it is better to get a voltage transformer or an uninterruptible power supply.
• In case you need to defrost the refrigerator, you can not remove ice with a knife or other sharp objects. In this case, the system may leak and the refrigerant may leak.
• The refrigerator is not designed to store vegetable oil. It is peculiar to evaporate, which leads to a loss of elasticity of the rubber gaskets.
• This household appliance must not be installed near a cooker or a radiator. Because of them, the load on the compressor rises.

Important! When carrying out all diagnostic and repair work, the refrigerator must be disconnected from the power supply.

Now you know how to detect problems with the refrigerator and how to cope with the simplest of them. If you think that repair of this device will be too expensive - it's time to go to the store for a new one.