How to build a chandelier?

Many owners of apartments and houses during the renovation decide to change not only the decoration and design, but also the fixtures. Today on sale it is rare to find a chandelier consisting of a single bulb and a plafond. Manufacturers of lighting devices offer the most complicated designs with an intricate design, very luxurious and beautiful, but the trouble is, to collect this miracle of design thought is sometimes quite difficult. More often the instruction to the box with the packed details of the luminaire is not attached, and therefore, the owner of the shining beauty must solve the problem himself and answer the question of how to assemble the chandelier. However, do not despair, because, despite the variety of different types of lamps, the principle of assembly and connection in chandeliers is almost the same. If you once master the scheme of assembling the chandelier, you can cope with any lighting device, regardless of the number of horns, design features and other characteristics. Today, as an example, we will tell you how to assemble a chandelier with 3 lamps and 5 lamps, and consider the arrangement of other lamps.

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General arrangement of fixtures and chandeliers

Before proceeding with the installation of lighting fixtures, consider their device. The luminaire consists of the following parts:

• A plafond. The element performs, first of all, a protective role( closes the incandescent lamp), and secondly - the decorative function. A plafond is made of plastic, glass, metal. To get to the insides of any lamp, the plafond must be removed. Depending on the method of attachment, the light can be twisted, fixed to the body by means of latches or bolts.

Important! The most common fastening - plastic rings, which are wound on the threads of the cartridge.

• Lamp. In the lighting fixtures, various types of lamps can be used. Experts recommend in the kitchen and in the rooms to use energy-saving - fluorescent lamps, and better - LED.
• Cartridge. The element can have a different design. In conventional ceiling luminaires the cartridge is screwed to the body with 2 bolts. In some models, the bolts can be unscrewed at once, but, in most models, you must first disassemble the cartridge and extract the core.
• Reflector. In most models for home and apartment, it does not apply. But it is very often used in office fixtures for ceiling and spotlights. Reflector with a white or mirror surface serves to create directional light.
• Power supply or start-regulating device. In the case, if necessary, a power supply unit is installed, which is necessary for the operation of LED and fluorescent lamps. However, the popular energy-saving models for a regular cartridge almost always come with a built-in circuit inside and are simply screwed in instead of incandescent bulbs.

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How to assemble the lamp?

Fixtures are:

• Suspended.
• Overhead.
• Embedded.

Important! Spotlights have become very popular lately. They appeared together with suspended ceilings and solved the issue of economical and competent lighting. Each recessed lamp gives a little light, its main advantage is mobility. You can install lamps on the ceiling anywhere, any way, in any quantity.

Lamps come with a separately packaged casing and a plafond. Suspended and overhead lamps are installed quite simply:

1. Attach the case.
2. Connect the device to the power supply.
3. Install the cover.

With point lights and chandeliers, the situation is much more complicated. Below we will dwell in more detail on the assembly of ceiling spotlights and tell you how to collect sconces and chandeliers.

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How to assemble a ceiling lamp?

Ceiling fixture installation possible in:

• Suspended ceiling.
• Stretching.
• Plasterboard.
• Rack.

In addition, spotlights can be of various designs, for example, have a movable outer part that allows you to direct light to a specific direction.

The number of recessed spotlights is determined according to the features of the room:

• Area. If the area of ​​the room is small( a bathroom or a bathroom), then only one device is sufficient, if the room allows, it is possible to place the lamps along the perimeter of the ceiling.
• Layout.
• Color solution.

Tips:

• The ceiling recessed luminaire for a bathroom differs from other similar devices. It is more suitable for operation in conditions of high humidity. The luminaire does not allow water and steam to pass through glass or plastic located above the main part of the device. For lamps intended for bathrooms, for safety reasons, use lamps that do not exceed 12-24 W.In the event of a closure or other malfunction, such lamps will not harm human health.
• When calculating the number of lamps for a room, focus on the rule: for 1 square meter - 1 lamp. The distance between the instruments should be about 30 cm, and the distance to the wall is about 20 cm. Plan the installation of the devices in advance, before installing the suspended ceiling. To the points of fixing the fixtures, it is necessary to conduct the wires, and in the case of a tension ceiling - to install the fixing rings. Install and connect point lights to the rack suspended ceiling at the end of the repair.

Important! Ceiling lamps in the bathroom should be installed together with the transformer. To determine which transformer is needed, multiply the number of lamps by their power. The result will show the power of the required transformer.

Tools for operation

To install a spotlight, you will need the following tools:

• Electrical cable with clamps.
• Drill with a long drill.
• Round drill bit for hole making.
• Pliers.
• Screwdriver.
• Insulation tape.
• Junction box.
• Protective caps for electrical wires.
• Insulation cutters.
• Protection: goggles, gloves.

Step-by-step instruction:

• Turn off the electricity in the room and make sure that the room is de-energized.
• Make the markup with the pencil of the instrument locations.
• Wear safety glasses and gloves.
• Cut a circular hole of the required size in the ceiling( the body of the device should fit into the hole) using a drill and a round nozzle. The opening should be slightly smaller than the decorative outer part of the device.

Important! In the plasterboard ceiling, make holes to putty and finishing works.

• Pull the cable from the power source to the junction box. To avoid further expansion of the holes, use a drill with a long drill.
• Open the junction box and connect the cable as follows:
  1. Remove the top layer of insulation from the end of the cable.
  2. Connect the stripped wires to the wires of the box.
  3. Twist the wires as follows: black with black, white with white, "earth" with "ground".
  4. Fasten the wires with pliers.
  5. Put the protective caps on the connected wires.
• Pack the wires in a box and cover it with a lid.
• Install the base of the appliance enclosure into the ceiling opening( the junction box must go beyond the ceiling panels).Many device designs are fixed with clips that snap automatically.
• Assembly of the light bulb is carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. The body of each lamp is provided with a fastening element, with which it is easy to fix the final part.
• Connect electricity and enjoy the light.

Important! In the suspended ceiling, spotlights are installed in the same way, only the holes are not drilled, but cut out inside the heat-resistant ring with a knife.

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How to assemble a chandelier with 5 lamps?

We will break the whole editing process into stages, so that you can better understand everything.

Preparatory stage

Before starting work, prepare the following tools:

• Knife for stripping wires. Screwdriver-electric tester. Screwdrivers or screwdrivers with a set of bits.
• Wrench.
• Drill and drill bit with a winning tip( diameter 6mm) for mounting the mounting bracket on a concrete or reinforced concrete ceiling. On a drywall suspended ceiling, installation can be done using self-tapping screws or a butterfly dowel.

After you have prepared the necessary tools, proceed as follows:

• Open the box with the lighting fixture. Do this carefully so as not to damage the parts. Factory production, as a rule, is delivered by blocks: the case, plafonds, horns with shades for bulbs, terminal blocks. The wires must be connected to all nodes.

Important! Do not forget to check the correspondence of the number of parts with the description of the device model. Check the completeness before beginning installation.

• Fragile elements( plafonds, console, bulbs, etc.) set aside.
• Remove the remaining parts from the packaging.

Mechanical assembly part of

chandelier Assemble the upper part of the central body of the device. Proceed as follows:

1. Take the decorative "plate".
2. Place the plate on the chandelier bar.
3. Tighten the upper nut.

Secure the horns to the chassis. Depending on the model and design of the device, the number of horns can be different. But the technology of their fastening remains unchanged. Proceed as follows to assemble a chandelier with 5 lamps:

1. Unscrew the decorative nut and remove the protective cover from the chandelier's centerpiece.
2. Take one of the horns, remove the nut and counter-washer from it.
3. Insert the horn into the corresponding hole, secure with the nut and washer removed.
4. Install all the horns in the same way.
5. Check the symmetry of the horns relative to each other. If necessary, correct their placement.
6. Tighten the fixing nuts with a wrench.

Electric part - we connect wires in chandelier

This is the most important stage when it is necessary to assemble a chandelier with 5 lamps. There are two connection options:

• To a single switch. In this case, all the light bulbs will light simultaneously.
• To double. With a five-way luminaire, you can plan to include two and three light bulbs separately, but for this you need to have another wire, since the manufacturer only has two groups: phase and zero.

The type of connection depends on the grouping of wires. To a single switch there will be 2 groups, and to a double switch - 3 groups. Separation of the cable is carried out by color. Each horn on the output has 2 wires with different color insulation:

• The blue wires are zero.
• Brown - phase.

Important! First you need to work with wires of the same color, for example, "phase", and then - group wires of a different color - "zero".

Consider separately the connection to the one-key switch and to the double one.

Connection of wires in a chandelier for a single-key switch

In this version, the connection is very simple, since the chandelier is fitted with a phase and neutral wire and in each horn there are also two wires. Therefore, proceed as follows:

1. Strip the first group of wires from insulation for 1-2 cm( phase).
2. Connect them together.
3. Strip and connect all zero wires of the horns. You should get 2 groups of wires.
4. Connect the wiring groups to the main supply wire using protective caps. It is not recommended to twist the wires without protective caps( connectors), since the contacts, remaining not isolated, quickly oxidize, as a result - a short circuit may occur.
5. Similarly, connect the second group of wires to another center wire.
6. Carefully place the wires in the housing.
7. Close the bottom cover and tighten the decorative nut.

Important! For reliability, the place of wire twisting can be soldered.

Chandelier assembled. All other decorative elements, plafonds and light bulbs are not put in place, as it is first necessary to fix the chandelier to the ceiling and connect it to the power supply.

Connection of wires in a chandelier for a two-button switch

First it is necessary to divide the chandelier horns into two groups:

• If you have an even number of bulbs, in this case it is very simple to separate them, for example, odd - 1 group, even - 2 group. Naturally, the zero wires will be included in group 3.With this connection, harmony and symmetry will be achieved.
• If you have a five-round chandelier, then symmetrically break the wires into two groups will not work. Here you have to make a connection in such a way that 3 buttons turn on with one button, and the second button switches on. If you turn both buttons on simultaneously, all the lights will light up. Although, the options may be different.

So, get to the point:

1. Distribute the wires: "zero" - in 1 group, phase - divide into two blocks, one will connect to 1, 3 and 5 horn, and the second - to 2 and 4.
2. Strip each group of wiresfrom insulation to 1-2 cm.
3. Connect all groups to the main power cable. The supply wire that enters the chandelier housing must be necessarily three-core. All the zero( blue) wires are connected to one conductor, to the second - wires of the 1st group are connected, and to the third - wires of the 2nd group.
4. Wire connection points are insulated.
5. Carefully place all wires in the case, close the decorative bottom cover and tighten the nut.
6. Plafonds and decorative elements set after connecting the chandelier.

Important! To start the third wire for the two-button switch, completely disassemble the chandelier housing. To do this, together with the lower decorative nut, unscrew the upper one. Find the central rod in which a two-wire wire is inserted from the plant, pull out the plastic sealing rings from the ends and the wire. Start a three-wire wire( or simply an additional wire of the same cross-section).Secure the wires with sealing plastic rings from the ends.

We hope that our advice and simple recommendations helped you to build a chandelier, even without the "Do it yourself" manual. Fix a dazzling beauty on the ceiling and admire the light emanating from it!