💡 Replacing wiring in an apartment with his hands: step by step guide

When necessary to replace the electrical wiring in the home

Khrushchev and stalinka, which were built in the last century, had the specific design load for the power grids. Today, when almost every home has modern appliances, there is a serious deterioration of electricity. This is indicated by such signs:

• frequent short-circuit;
• current leakage through the walls;
• wiring the brittleness;
• the damaged insulation;
• corrosion;
• power outages at the electrical startup.

Older wiring is made solely from aluminum. In addition, it does not have a protective earth, so the risks of accidents and fires are too high. If there is not one, but several problems with the network - it is an occasion to proceed immediately to complete replacement.

How to prepare for the replacement of the circuit house

There are several tips from the linemen to help get the job done without the help of professionals. In this case, the solution to all issues related to network replacement require at least basic skills in the work and understanding of the structure of that element.

Charting taking into account all the details

A schematic drawing of the future wiring needs to at the project level can be determined with the amount of materials, their dimensions and other nuances. Drafting points to the number of consumers in each room, taking into account their capacity and to install additional safety equipment.

It is important to create a layout, as it is necessary to pass the approval of the company involved in the supply of energy in a specific area. After registration scheme, an apartment owner can proceed to purchase the necessary components.

The calculation of necessary materials

First of all, you must purchase a sufficient amount of cable. It should start from the total area of ​​the apartment and the number of consumers. Consider the example of all the living space of 100 m². Here, the case will vymeryat length to each user tape. When there is a scheme to make it short. After spending measurements, acquire a predetermined number of cables, but with a stock. With regard to the estimated capacity of the conductor, it is important to provide as consuming appliances, available in the apartment.

To do this, add up the capacity of all home appliances with a margin of 100 watts each. Suppose the total amount obtained 2500W, then you should buy a conductor with a cross section of at least 2.5 mm².

More need additional equipment, such as tripping device (RCD) and breakers. RCD placed only near the counter, but the machines can be installed in places where the risk of short circuit. Such an incident may trigger boiler, computer, washing machine and other devices that accept a large voltage at the moment of launch.

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Accessories for the organization of a new electricity in the house

In addition to the cables, it is necessary to buy more switches, sockets, caps and boxes. Do not forget about the isolation. To ensure the safety of the apartment is worth to buy the main breaker in the 25-32 A and obschekvartirnoe RCD must be at least 30 A.

In addition, you need to stock up on some more material:

• trohzhilny cable length for a specific area;
• Plastic collars, ties, wall plugs for fixing the switches and sockets;
• insulating materials;
• Electric (if necessary shield);
• zero tire;
• switches and sockets;
• lamps.

Most stores offer consumers the opportunity to choose a full list of materials at one point. It should be understood that an electrician should be repealed. It's clear that cheap and outlet cables may be short-lived, moreover, they often cause a fire.

Steps for replacing the wiring in an apartment with his hands

To process the electrical line breeding in the apartment has been organized, to be divided the whole process into several stages. This will provide the ability to quickly and correctly set up on their own electricity network without professional intervention.

Tools and equipment for work

Some items to implement in the life of the circuitry can be found on the farm, but something will have to buy. In general should get the following list:

1. Rotary hammer with different drill bits, as well as a nozzle-crown (90-100 mm). With it easy to carve a place in the wall of a junction box.
2. Soldering iron and accessories to it (tin solder). Its minimum capacity should be not less than 40 watts.
3. Bulgarian with a nozzle for cutting stone.
4. Pliers, wire cutters.
5. Level, wall chaser, tester, mounting knife.
6. Putty knife.

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Dismantling of the old power

To completely remove all wires and former energy sources need to take care of the blackout facilities. This should definitely be sure. Better yet ask for power engineering in general disconnect your line at the time of repair. Next, we perform all of the steps:

1. Wear rubber gloves, check the indicator of the presence of voltage at outlets and a switch button. If it's not, we go further.
2. We take out all the boxes in the apartment, pulling the wires out of the walls, if necessary, if the wiring is laid too deep to drill the wall.
3. Remove all external users (regulators, old sockets), remove Electric congestion.
4. If necessary, the solution appeared to gloss over flaws in the walls. Such an action is acceptable if the new wiring will be done elsewhere.

It remains only to remove the sources of illumination. Old wiring, which is switched with chandeliers, you can simply cut the wire cutters or knife assembly.

How to build a new route: the installation base with the work stages

All stages of electric installation in the apartment should be carried out sequentially. This will save from suffering, in the case of displacement of certain elements.

Markup and shtroblenie

All work must begin with the transfer of the project from the paper to the wall. It is necessary to mark out the alleged place of cabling, and then draw boxes and other consumers. Next vypolit shtroblenie wall on this drawing. To do everything exactly, it is necessary to use a suggestive wall chaser with a laser. After creating-mounted cable channels, proceed to the creation of places for housing sockets, switches and raspredkorobok.

To make them with minimal cracking of the wall, it is recommended to drill a planned center of the circle, and then use the crown.

How to perform a cable connection

Stroebe pre-clearing of debris and pieces of plaster, you can proceed to the wire tab.

Illustration	Description of the action
We reach a large coil of cable, it is not completely unwinding, measure out the desired part to a particular part of the room.
	Then the cable entry into the prepared Stroebe. So it does not fall out of the channel, we catch him special clips.
The ceiling bore holes for dowels, which will keep the cable on top.
	Skip the cable in all junction boxes.
Fix all wiring between a special clamps.
	A small amount of solution fill and fix Stroebe housing. Such actions are carried out for all consumers in the apartment. When the boxes are locked, is passed to the wiring
We remove the insulation from the ends of the conductors in the junction boxes and twisting the same contacts with one another.
	Moistened with an alcohol solution of rosin all twisted contacts and propaivaem them together.

It remains connect all the pins to sockets and switches. Required to observe the color of the conductor and the corresponding contact on the consumer: blue - nil; red (brown) - phase; green and yellow - ground.

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The assembly of a switch

Electrical shield is flat with a metal housing in which all electrical components are assembled, the feed network to the main consumers in living rooms. Consider how you want to install all the devices in the following video review.

Be sure to carefully review how to switch the switch to the other modules, ensuring the safety of equipment and people.

Validation rules electrical line tester

Suppose that the apartment has modern wiring that needs to ping the device to ensure its efficiency. This variant chain must comply with the existing requirements.

If the electricity is gone, then test the functionality is possible only by buzzer lines. When all the rooms are powered by a specific switch in the first place is to check only the line where there is no electricity. Operate in stages:

1. Check the voltage on the machine, if it did not work.
2. Eliminate the problem of the cartridge on the chandelier, which dismantle the lamp and make sure to wires integrity.
3. When the light is lost only in the chandelier, the problem may be in the lamp. Attach one probe of the tester to the cap lamps, and the second to the middle pin. If the lamp is working, the voltage is shown by an arrow in the range from 0 to 1. Similarly, you must proring switch contacts.
4. If the circuit breaker still worked, there is a need to draw from the machine connected "zero" and "phase". One probe is necessary to lean to one conductor, the second - to another. This will allow to understand whether there is a voltage of the wiring area, which is responsible for the machine.

The final stage: the tab-channel cable solution

Typically, the depth of cutting grooves in walls approximately calculated as 2-2.5 cm. By placing the channels in such wires, it is necessary to get rid of the holes for the final repair. In other words, do the wiring hidden.

For these purposes require a special cement mortar, Placing the appropriate proportions with water. While the solution is fresh, small layers of gain on his spatula and slowly lay the voids and cracks. For these purposes may be used finishing plaster.

laying Features

There are several current methods, which are used to secure the gasket installation in apartments. Typically, the system is divided on cable lines for sockets, as well as highway lighting. Recent feature under false ceilings.

for household appliances line

What provides a separate connection cables for electrical appliances? The situation is as follows: for each device that consumes electricity connect a separate cable that comes out of a single junction box. This junction box cable runs with the optimal cross-section of the total electrical switchboards. The panel line is equipped with a separate RCD. This makes it possible in the event of leakage or breakage turn off the power only from the home appliance, leaving the work lighting and sockets for other use.

Cable installation in the ceiling

Stretched and suspended ceilings are popular due to easy installation and the ability to lay cables directly behind the blade. For example, for lighting and switches you can run the cables inside the niche, taking care with the security. To do this, create a special insulation, which prevents overheating of conductors and fire the ceiling.

Please note that the boxes in such cases it is better to install on walls. As access to them in the ceiling is considered to be limited in the event of an accident, it is necessary to disassemble polpotolka.

Safety regulations

Get away with wiring will help with special skills and knowledge of the rules of safety and labor protection.

Get away with wiring will help with special skills and knowledge of the rules of safety and labor protection. Editorial Tehno.guru strongly encouraged to read all the details and requirements in the video below.

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