Strainer water treatment: how it works, the types of

Coarse filters (CSF) - these cleaning devices that clean water flowing into the house from the solids - clay, lime, chlorine, rust, sand and other foreign components. CSF traditionally mounted in the water in front of the house, that is, before and after taking into account the counter locking devices.

As the filter works coarse water purification

The principle of operation of such devices is quite simple. When screwed on plumbing product enclosure provides mesh element or cartridge. The water flow, the next water supply enters the filter.

Devices for the rough purification of water different from one another corresponding specifications in the form:

• bandwidth;
• dimensions;
• maximum service life;
• types of filter blocks;
• the material from which the various types of devices.

Although the principle of action at the different models of CSF is the same, but they still differ from each other on a number of grounds. Such devices differ in their shape, performance, type filter element, the cleaning method of the filtered mud.

Types of coarse water filters

1. screen filter - one of the most popular types. It is known for a long lifetime without changing the work item. Last, as shown here, it is a metal grid with a mesh size of from 50 to 400 microns. The material is stainless steel. Constructions different from each other in the tapping conduit means, methods regular cleaning and maintenance.

View screens may additionally divided into two subspecies. Those recognized:

• CSF having a backwash (removal of deposited particles of sand and other elements is performed automatically, that is, it is not necessary to extract the mechanism or to perform other actions);
• CSF without rinsing (this sumps, treatment which is possible only in the process of their disassembly).

Industrial or domestic reticulated CSF for cold water, provided with a transparent body. This makes it possible to monitor the state of the grid.

Most models of filters and perform other functions. Thus, such a device may be provided with a valve regulating the pressure. The product can be combined with a manometer. This can protect the inner surface of the pipeline and appliances from pressure surges and pressure surges.

Installation device with backwash permitted in cases where the available drainage tube, which is guided and dirty water from the impurities after purification. Devices backwash gained popularity due to their small size, and also because they do not require manual cleaning.

Thus, the advantages of screens may include:

• low cost;
• simple design;
• relative compactness;
• ease of installation and operation;
• cleaning both hot and cold water;
• rare replacement of the filter element.

Among the shortcomings are obvious:

• only protect from the major factions of pollution;
• frequent overlapping of water pressure in order to clean the mesh.

2. Flanged and grooved models differ in how they are connected to the water main. When the diameter of pipes, dimensions two inches or more, more suitable models flanged strainer. This refers to the water mains or interchanges in the basements of apartment buildings.

Devices on the pipes are installed at the stage of designing a water supply system.

Threaded same filters cut into the small diameter pipe. This design is used in a domestic environment, in summing up the water to a private home. Filter, in either screwed directly to the tube depending on its design, or connected thereto by means of quick coupling nuts ( "American").

CSF water any models established taking into account some general rules. For this:

• You need to punch clean the pipe from corrosion and scale, rinsed to remove the dirt, to block cold and hot water;
• Apply PTFE thread or another sealant to the threads of the filter cover. Likewise processed seat filter connection pipe;
• arrange the filter element in the direction towards the bottom or to apply an oblique inclined filter;
• to reduce the mechanical load, it is recommended to attach the device to the wall with the clamp.

All types of filters consist of inlet and outlet pipes, and special tank (settler) conducting water purification.

3.flow filter It comprises a sump, located vertically to the flow. It has high resolution, resulting in a much improved quality of cleaning. Water flow passing through the sump large volume slows, and it allows large debris particles sink to the bottom. Once the water is filtered mesh impermeable fine suspended particles.

4.Squint filter It has a noticeable difference - the sump is located at an angle to the flow of water. Use it where it is impossible to establish a direct filter due to the small space, that is, when the pipe passes very close to the plane of the wall or floor.
Mechanisms are different from each other and by purification. Apply filters nepromyvnye - "sumps" and those that are equipped with the cleaning device:

• "Sumps" - they are part of the product and some oblique lines, which are equipped with twist-off lids. In cases of clear blockages, as well as during routine maintenance unit is dismantled;
• filter directly integrated discharge valve for discharging accumulated dirt and cleaning the reservoir via the forward or reverse flow of water.

5. The water supply devices are used cartridge or as they are called, cartridge filters. It fixes to a wall structure comprising a transparent or opaque bottle.

The material for the exchangeable elements protrudes compressed polypropylene fiber or twisted thread, or polyester. We are not the same filtering capacity, however rough mechanical treatment is carried out usually in the 20-30 micron cartridge.

Frequent replacement cartridges and seems to feature the use of this type of devices. Cartridge used in systems where it found very small particles of suspended matter that is difficult trapped mesh devices.

The cartridge is designed specifically for the delay fines and debris. Cartridge construction mounted in a weak flow. For strong flows, such a device has a large size is needed, which is more expensive.

By mechanical cartridge effectively removed particles and other impurities. With fiber treated with charcoal cartridge, the water is purified by the chlorine.

Furthermore, if the selected device type hosiery, it can be cleaned fibrous formation (algae, slime), viscous clay. Excess contaminants such scores duct and leads to breakage of expensive products designed to remove the molecular impurities.

Clogged elements can not be cleaned by washing. They need to be changed.

6. In cases where there are water pollution in the form of insoluble heterogeneous impurities in large quantities, are used velocity pressure devices consisting of container columns with corrosion-resistant material.

The filter element is placed inside the housing. In the upper part of the device comprises a unit that automates hydro cleansing process. The liquid flowing through such a structure achieves a high degree of purification - 30 microns.

It should be emphasized that such products are not without drawbacks. These include:

• impressive size;
• the need for accommodation in heated rooms;
• bound by the auxiliary drain pipe for regeneration.

Installation and maintenance

Install and maintain such mechanisms should be adhering to the following rules. For proper installation:

• expedient to install counter. In practice, this is not enough space, so oblique pattern used - it is able to protect the mechanism from clogging with suspended particles and to prevent damage to the meter;
• Fitting for oblique structure selected horizontally disposed tube. In this flask, to facilitate the cleaning process, a bottom. It is important to know in what direction the water flow is directed. On the housing surrounding the mechanism arrow indicating direction. Mounting possible skew filter and located vertically interval washer, but in this case the water flow must flow in a downward direction. It should be noted that if such a model to set up even a septic tank, the contamination in the system will not fall, but it increases the risk of breakage of the mechanism due to the fact that the dirt deposited in the sump will not open tap;
• line filter is mounted on the horizontal segment exclusively water mains. Be sure to leave a place, the right to remove the bulb, if it is supposed to;
• CSF, in which the flushing line is present device is further provided with backwashing device. This is done using the bypass loop plumbing installation with several taps, which are able to switch the fluid flow in the pipeline at a counter.

A couple of times during the operation will have to resort to the disassembly for cleaning and replacement of the mesh or cartridge. Most often it has to do with the "sump", do not have washing device.

Before starting the disassembly of the device, should be deleted in the line pressure, interrupting the water supply. Skew filters are equipped with plugs with hex caps wrench. We recommend you replace the gasket asbestos fabric take-up of tow. This will increase the tightness of the joint and facilitate the further functionality of the device.

At vertically mounted direct filter flask may remove the wrench or a special shaped key. Reassembly is carried out, if necessary, replacement of rubber or silicone gasket sealed.

Accumulated exploded oblique filter mud was poured from the reservoir to swipe container. The grid is removed, the mud is cleaned and purged with a stream of compressed air. Damaged grid should be replaced.
In direct-type tank requires to unscrew the flask and pour precipitate therefrom. The grid is also washed and purged, or install a new replacement cartridge.

Much easier to service products with the washing device. For this purpose, it is sometimes necessary to open valve in the bottom of the flask, and the flask was flushed mesh and the flow of water under pressure. Water is fed into the drainage pipe or substitute a container underneath.

Even better if plumbing is mounted in the backwashing device. In this case, water is directed opposite to the flow, causing the mesh is cleaned much better.