Cut-off wheels: types, characteristics, how to choose, manufacturers

Cutting disc - expendable tool designed for cutting different kinds of surfaces. Structurally is a disk whose surface is covered with a layer of abrasive particles. Sprinkling fastened together a bunch of - ceramic, vulcanite or bakelite.

Types of cut-off wheels

Classification by purpose

• Wheels for metal. Scope - cutting reinforcement profile pipes, steel angles, channels, sheet steel.
• Followed by a tree. They are also used for cutting plastic pipes, Window profile, drywall and MDF. They are made of high-strength steel, the outer edge of the disc is equipped with sharp teeth.
• Cutting the stone. Designed to work with products from silicate bricks, paving slabs, stone buildings, stone blocks, asbestos-cement sheets.

Classification technology

abrasive wheels

Base metal disc consists of at least two layers of fiberglass mesh, which is applied on top of the mass of abrasive materials:

• corundum;
• silicon carbide;
• corundum.

metal cutting wheels manufacturing technology involves heat treatment, after which the product becomes resistant to degradation. The disc is baked in an oven at 200⁰FROM.

Depending on the shape of the abrasive consumable tool is divided into two types:

• flat discs;
• wheels with concave hub.

diamond wheels

Scope - cutting particularly durable materials:

• concrete,
• granite,
• marble,
• red brick,
• asphalt,
• stone.

They are made of steel. At the end of the range of applied abrasive mass, in the composition of which contains diamond grit. The width of the diamond layer varies from 1.5 to 3 mm.

three kinds of diamond saw blades on the market:

1. Solid. Suitable materials for wet cutting is a solid disc with a continuous diamond edge.
2. Segmented. Used for dry cutting. Diamond cutting edge is divided into separate segments.
3. Turbo drive. Diamond-bearing edge is formed in a wave shape. The presence of the inclined grooves reduce the contact area with a work material, thereby providing natural cooling. Universal circle is used for wet and dry cutting.

Features cut-off wheels

type ligament

The type of ligament depends on the strength, performance and cutting quality. In the production of discs used organic and inorganic binders. The first type includes vulcanite and Bakelite, the second - ceramic.

vulcanite ligament - a mass of rubber and sulfur thermally treated. Wheels on its base characterized by a dense structure, elasticity.

Durability in terms of vulcanite bundle allows the working speed cutting 50,60 and 80 m / s.

basis bakelite base act powdered and liquid phenol formaldehyde resin with fillers. As used cryolite fillers, alabaster, pyrite.

The working speed of the circular rotation - than 80 m / s.

Lack bakelite ligament - a small heat resistance: during heating to 200⁰Since it becomes brittle, and increasing the temperature to 250-300⁰With burns.

The starting materials for the creation of ceramic binder are:

• fire-clay;
• talc;
• liquid glass;
• a piece of chalk;
• quartz;
• feldspar.

Ceramic ligament increases the water resistance of the abrasive tool, it is characterized by high refractoriness, resistance to chemicals. Disadvantages include sensitivity to shock loads and low flexural strength.

The outer and inner diameter of the cutting discs

On the market are cutting disks with an outer diameter of 115 to 500 mm. Popular are at home:

• diameter 115 mm - for small bolgarok;
• diameters of 125 mm 150 - are used in angle grinding machines average power and size;
• diameters of 180 mm 230 - intended for professional tools.

The diameter of the seat for domestic tool is often 22 or 32 mm.

Grain

Feature displays the cutting ability of the cutting disc. The fraction of the abrasive varies in a range from 100 to 2000 microns. The higher the grain, the better cutting quality.

But this coarse abrasive grains decrease the strength of consumable tool.

abrasive agent

The performance of the cutting discs has an effect not only to grain size, but also the shape and characteristics of the abrasive material.

Form corundum particles most suited for cutting steel products, a solid grains silicon carbide designed for use with non-metallic materials or alloys with color metals.

Significant parameters are the heat resistance of the abrasive. The best heat resistance differ corundum abrasives, operating temperature range substance is from 1700 to 1900⁰FROM.

Diamond abrasives and boron carbide characterized by the lowest heat resistance - 700-800⁰FROM.

The thickness of the cut-off wheels

Thickness household cutting discs is in the range 1-5 mm. Thin circles rational use with low-power angle grinders.

The lower disk height, the easier and faster the cutting process - due to the smaller resistance of the material. Cutting thick circle will require more effort.

Expendable tools with medium and small outer diameter can have any thickness, the circles of large diameter - maximum only.

Benefits

The main advantages of abrasive wheels:

• The porous structure provides a natural cooling consumable tool;
• disc is not blunted during operation;
• reasonable price;
• large variety of products.

The positive qualities of the diamond cutting discs:

• high precision cutting;
• durability;
• no strong smell of burning;
• the minimum number of sparks during operation.

disadvantages

Negative qualities abrasive consumables are:

• formation of sparks during operation;
• emergence of a strong characteristic odor when cutting;
• rapid wear.

Disadvantages of diamond wheels:

• expensive cost;
• low heat resistance.

How to choose a cut-off wheels

The main symbols that influence the choice of products, are:

• type of compatible hardware (hand tools, stationary equipment);
• shelf life;
• abrasive grain (the smaller the numerical value of grain, the larger grain fraction);
• the outer diameter of the circle and the size of the seat;
• thickness consumable tool;
• the maximum number of revolutions (parameter should not exceed the speed of the tool);
• operating speed (indicated as a numerical value or a marked transverse stripe color: yellow indicates the speed to 63 m / s, red - 80 m / s, green - 100 m / s);
• brace type, the presence of the reinforcing member;
• purpose tool (type working material is indicated as a graphic image or a color notation).

Color designation of the kind of working material

For abrasive disks:

• green - stone;
• blue - steel.

Marking diamond discs:

• Green - granite;
• blue color - marble, concrete;
• Yellow - terracotta, alabaster;
• orange color - brick;
• gray - granite, ceramics, tiles.

what better

Perfect cutting circle represents:

• The product resinoid bonded with the reinforcing member.
• Type of abrasive: for ferrous metals - a simple fused to products made of stainless steel - white corundum.
• The average thickness of the cut-off wheel for metal is 1.6-2 mm.
• Universal outer diameter for the circle of metal for domestic use - 125 mm.
• Cutting steel structures is better to use discs with fine fraction of the abrasive particles.

Diamond cutting

• For dry cutting structures of concrete, granite, bricks, consumable ideal instrument would be segmented diamond disc with an external diameter of 230 mm and a width of 2.5-3 mm diamond layer.
• For the organization of furrows for subsequent laying of utilities is better to choose a segmented circle with the diamond-bearing layer of 3.5 mm and a diameter of 350 mm.
• For working with ceramic tile and marble cutting disc suitable solid diamond-coated. This method involves cutting the mandatory cooling water.
• Cutting of reinforced concrete structures is better to use a turbo diamond disc.

Cutting disc on wood

• The best consumable tool for cutting wood products serve carbide wheels, reinforced soldering with a high content of tungsten carbide or cobalt.
• Typical thickness of a disk on a tree - 3.2 mm.
• Universal size outer diameter of 130-250 mm.
• The ideal number of teeth for the transverse cutting - 80-90 cutters for longitudinal cutting - not more than 60 incisors.
• The optimum angle of inclination of the teeth: for the longitudinal cut - 15-20⁰For the cross-cutting - 5-15⁰.

Optimal cutting speed is selected depending on the type of wood:

• for softwood - from 50 to 90 m / s;
• for sawmills - from 50 to 80 m / s;
• wood joinery - 60-80 m / s;
• exotic species - 80-85 m / s.

Exploitation

Working with abrasive cutting equipment associated with high speed rotation and requires observance of safety measures. Before you start, get acquainted with the precautions specified by the manufacturer.

• By working with the cut-off devices are not allowed minors, people in a state of intoxication. Near the place of work is not allowed the presence of children and animals.
• Perform cutting work away from combustible material.
• Use cutting discs only for the intended purpose.
• Before operation, inspect the disc, do not use expendable tools with signs of damage (spalling, cracks).
• Do not use wheels that have expired.
• Observe the rules for storing consumable tools.
• When operating a power tool, use personal protective equipment.

Operating rules:

• Before the start of cutting work securely in terms of the power tool.
• Use the tool protection cover which is able to withstand the impact in the event of breaking the circle and catch the debris.
• When cutting metal fasten metal structure with only one hand, it helps to eliminate excessive heating and material deformation, and, consequently, jamming of the abrasive disc.
• When performing cutting work circle keep straight, using only a radial pressure.
• When an intense spark cutting operation should be stopped for 10-15 seconds, after the specified time to continue to work at a slower rate of cut.

Setting the cut-off wheel in the angle grinder:

• Disconnect the plug from the mains.
• By means of a special button lock the rotation shaft.
• Place the disc on the seat.
• Tighten the lock nut, secure the key.
• Before beginning work, check the disc cutting efficiency for 1 minute.

Manufacturers cut-off wheels

The company occupies a leading position in the market of power tools and related products. The range includes abrasive cutting discs for wood, metal and stone, diamond wheels, and universal models.

The quality of products the company complies with the international quality standards.

American brand products are sold in more than 60 countries around the world. The product range includes not only high-quality power tools, but also a wide range of nozzles.

Dremel launches cut-off wheels for cutting wood, plastic, metal. Diamond coated wheels cope with concrete, ceramics, marble, porcelain.

The Canadian company specializing in the production of tools for home and professional use. The product range includes a wide choice of models of cutting discs, metal and stone for domestic power.

The main direction of the German company - production of high quality professional equipment for repair and construction works.

The production base of the brand are located in Germany and Switzerland, the company's work experience is more than 40 years. Catalog offers consumers high-quality diamond blades for wet and dry cutting.

Consumable tool from Swiss manufacturer is characterized by high performance and durability. The range of companies - large selection of diamond cutting discs and abrasive products for metal cutting.

The disadvantage of the brand Husqvarna is relatively high cost.

The company offers a wide range of quality abrasive discs and segmented circles with a diamond coating. The catalog can be found as low-end models, and articles belonging to the middle and high price category.

The company is engaged in supply of equipment for over 15 years. Catalog includes a consumable tools for cutting metal and wood.

Catalog includes a variety of models of consumable tools wide range of applications:

• Segmented diamond disks for cutting concrete and asphalt;
• circles with a solid edge for cutting of ceramics, marble, granite;
• carbide blades for cutting high-carbon steel;
• turbo wheels.

German brand specializing in the production of professional power tools and cutting equipment.

Lineup expendable tools provides a great variety of abrasives and diamond blades for angle grinders and saw circles of wood.

The Russian company is a manufacturer and supplier of power tools and cutting equipment.

Catalog of consumables brand offers a wide range of universal cut-off wheels for angle grinders, gasoline cutters and tile.