How to use a micrometer: the instructions from "A" to "Z"

Micrometer - a device for measuring components of a fraction of a millimeter sizes. it is similar in its aims to calipersHowever, a more accurate and versatile. In this device, you can easily measure the diameter of the wire to the nearest tenth of a millimeter. A digital micrometer allow us to calculate the dimensions to two decimal places. Despite the versatility of the device, few people know how to use a micrometer, the instruction for many seems to be too complicated. This is why we are now in the article describe in detail how to properly use the device.

The apparatus and the features of the instrument

The device familiar to many masters, in fact, it's time to line, however, he believes it is a particular system. If you still do not know what measures the mic and how to use it, it is first necessary to examine its structure closely. As we can see from the picture (photo below), all measurements are carried out by contact with a micrometer. Detail is clamped in a vice and tightly held therein. All of the major mechanisms of micrometer are located on the bracket.

size calculation principle of this instrument is based on such a concept as a screw pair. The screw is very clearly visible in the photo. Thanks to his step along the axis deviation can be seen from the ground level. On the stem of the device applied to the scale, the price of its fission is 0.5 mm. However, the step width may be different.

Interesting fact! Coil pair first used back in the XVI century, to fine tune the sights for ships guns. Much later, in 1848, the Frenchman Palmer received a patent for this measuring instrument. However, while extensive use of it has not received. Almost 20 years later Lusnan Sharpe and Joseph Brown bought the patent and organized the mass production of micrometers in the United States.

Mic has two scales:

1. Fixed on the stem. This scale typically has a pitch of 1 mm and dividing more a half (0.5 mm) which allow to calculate the exact size of up to half a millimeter.
2. A spinning reel scale. These divisions show fractions of a millimeter. To see the details, you need to add up the numbers, get on the stationary stem, and those that shows a spinning drum.

Note! On rotating drum 50 divisions. Full turn it is half a millimeter.

The opposite part of the micrometer screw rigidly connected with the drum, after which the applied ratchet. It allows you to push the legs, which is why it should not be used for measuring such thin materials, such as wire, rattle, it just flatten. Ratchet is needed to calibrate the instrument. How to do it right, we will explain later in this article.

types of micrometers

Classification micrometers depending on the measurement purpose. The device is used to reject parts of different configuration.

By way of indication

The instruments operate on the same principle. However, the calculation of a millimeter, the very ones that are located on a movable drum, can be carried out in different ways.

analog micrometers

The main advantage of such a device - its longevity. And even if you drop it, then after a little tweaking it will work properly again. What can be said about digital or, for example, lever devices.

lever-type micrometer

Such devices are used in the rejection of products, increased scanning speed due to the fact that it is not necessary to look into the scale.

Digital micrometers

In this case is no different from the analog measurement technology. The basis is the same micrometer screw, however, the readings are displayed as accurate numbers, which increases the quality of measurements and virtually eliminates errors.

laser micrometers

The most advanced, but also the most expensive - is a laser micrometer. Measurements are made on the basis of the data obtained after analyzing the laser beam deflection. Special photocell detects the difference and outputs the data to the display. Such devices require careful care and special setting. In everyday life, their use is impractical.

The measurement process occurs in a split second. The laser device to measure the strength to do any form. On the other hand, it is vulnerable to dust, shocks and jolts. They are very difficult to measure the internal dimensions of the part.

By Application

As we have seen, micrometer - a special measuring instrument. It is used in various fields. That is why many variations isolated micrometers for different purposes.

smooth micrometer

It is very convenient for the measurement of round and flat parts. Most often measured by the diameter of the parts or sections.

Micrometer to measure the distance between the teeth or zubomer

This device has a conical nozzle, which allow to measure the width of the slots, and size of teeth of gears or toothed wheels. To calibrate the instrument using the reference details.

Micrometer measuring tubes

For the device, there are special attachments which can measure a rough and bumpy surface (which is very important, if the pipe, for example, covered rust).

Micrometer for measuring the thickness of sheets

Very often we buy products that are not wide as the manufacturer claims. In these devices the screw has a small size, but a fractional division step, which allows you to more accurately determine the size. There are two versions of these devices:

1. With the narrow and flat nozzles - for measuring narrow workpieces and sheets.
2. With elongated nozzles - measuring more elongated and wide sheets.

universal mic

The downside is that it is necessary to screw the nozzle, it turns out once connecting seam, which can affect the quality of the measurement.

wire mic

This device belongs to a highly specialized type. This compact micrometer is used to measure the wire diameter and the balls in the bearings.

prismatic micrometers

This particular device, which makes it difficult to calculate the diameter tools, for example blades or knives. The nozzle is formed as a prism.

micrometer trench

special probe, which extends to the desired zone provided for in its design. With it easy to measure the depth of pits, trenches, depressions.

Rezbomerny micrometer

Scale for computation can be performed in two variations: the metric or inch.

Dvuhshkalny micrometer

In fact, it is two instruments in one. Measuring device and its dimensions. Sometimes it is also called the limiting micrometer.

Micrometer for hot rolled

A specialized form of a micrometer, which measures the thickness of the product during its rolling through the forceps. It uses a special wheel, on which a markup.

Micrometer-nutrometr

It is often used in turning towards. When in operation, you need to control the inner diameter of the machined parts.

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recruitment specialist tool "VseInstrumenty.ru"

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«Before using any type of device it is necessary to calibrate. This is how you can verify the accuracy of a micrometer before buying.

How to calibrate the instrument and to check its accuracy

Micrometer belongs to a class of devices that need to be checked for calibration accuracy before each use. It is important to understand that sometimes even carrying mic without a cover or shaking it can bring down the scale of measurement. What does it mean? And how do you know that the device is set up correctly? We will understand gradually.

First of all, wipe the surface of the heel jaw. This can be done only by a thin sheet of paper. To do this, reduce the heel with each other and clamp the sheet between them with little effort, so it does not fall out. Then gently remove it (it is important that the sheet is not torn). Thus, the working surfaces can be cleaned from dust and fat.

Sometimes to check the accuracy of the calibration of some types of micrometers (a micrometer is most often with a measuring range 25-50, 50-75 mm) as well as electronic and laser devices using reference samples, which accurately dimensions known.

Subsequently, the obtained data are compared with those which correspond to the standard, and if necessary, make further device setting.

Setting micrometer to zero

For example, take the micrometer with an operating range of 0-25. It is the "way" the device. As always, before any manipulation is necessary to clean the unit. How to do it with the help of a sheet of paper, we said above.

Next, you need to connect the unit's feet. Hold the locking screw. It is necessary to further secure our device to zero. If we see that these labels do not match - the risks are not worth exactly zero, you should twist the stem, using the special key. It is usually included, so that the risks are matched.

How to measure with a micrometer and possible complications

After we checked the accuracy of the instrument and, if necessary, calibrate it, you can start the measurements. To do this, the item must be measured hamstring careful not to pinch the part. Presses, if you want to increase the pressure on the workpiece, using a ratchet.

On the upper part of the stem scales determine the number of whole millimeters. Moreover, if the lower half of the latter risk is visible to the right, then the resulting value is added more 0,5 (here what is provided offset relative to the lower half of the upper scale).

After use, the device should be cleaned and put in a special case.

The basic rules of care measuring instrument - recommendations HouseChief.ru edition

To view this mic and increase its service life it is important to monitor the safety of the device and the purity of its parts and mechanisms. Before each use, wipe the surface of the heel jaw. And also check the accuracy of the calibration. If the readings are lost, it is necessary to reconfigure the device. It is this error most often occurs in those who are beginning to use the device.

Important! Ratchet use only when the item has a solid and robust structure. Otherwise, excess pressure can deform the measured item.

How much is a micrometer, a review of the price and the main characteristics of

Buy micrometer can be in any hardware store. Before you buy be sure to check the instrument measurement accuracy. For convenience, we used a table showing the prices for the most popular models of micrometers.

Model	Characteristics	Average cost (as of June 2018), rub.
	Micrometer with the electronic dial. Two calculation system: metric and inch. Accuracy - 0. measuring step: 0.001 mm.	9 600
	Analog micrometer. Material - tool steel. Measurement pitch: 0.01 mm.	950
	Smooth analog mic is equipped with thermal protection pads Class 1 accuracy. Measurement pitch: 0.01 mm.	970
	Stem and micrometer drum covered with matte chrome-plated, which protects against corrosion. Measurement pitch: 0.01 mm.	2 234

At the end of the article we suggest that you see a video tutorial on how to use a micrometer.