🌳 Nail tree: how to choose the appropriate composition

To permanently protect the wooden base and give it presentable appearance, use lacquer for wood. If you know how to choose the appropriate composition, can significantly improve the performance of the product. We offer to meet with the main types, their distinctive features, application methods.

Variety of varnishes for wood

The composition and characteristics of the varnish used may differ significantly. Manufacturers offer a wide range. We offer to meet with the main species used for the treatment of wood.

Oil and tar

Relatively recently, oil paints for wood enjoyed increasing popularity. Now they are used somewhat less due to the emergence of other options. The basis of the resin and the oil are mixed in certain proportions. Initially, natural ingredients are used. Later on, to reduce the cost of the steel administered artificial resins and modified oils.

Oil paints, depending on the percentage of oil content, can be divided into:

• fat (65-85%);
• medium (55-65%);
• thin (35-55%).

The first dry much longer skinny, but rather serve a protective function. With their help, most often to protect the flooring in homes. Given the higher density of the compositions before applying them are typically diluted. Stored oil paints for wood long. For their complete drying requires from 1 to 3 days.

The basis of natural resin lacquers (e.g., amber), the thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. Their field of application is the same as with the field of application of the oil composition.

Alkyd, alkyd-urea and alkyd-urethane

alkyd or Nitrocellulose is glyptal resin. As the solvent used or the solvent white spirit. As manufacturers add special substances that accelerate the process of drying the composition of the put. The formed coating is not afraid of moisture. Saves properties when temperature changes. It remains unchanged in direct sunlight.

Alkyd varnish has a long shelf life, reasonable cost and unpleasant odor. It serves to emphasize the natural texture of wood. The application of several layers to achieve the desired color depth. To dry each layer of the put may take 2-3 days. Due to the good wear resistance, the composition is used for the treatment of the sexes, including heating. Less commonly used to cover furniture.

The composition of urea alkyd varnish for wood, except for alkyd resins, amino-formaldehyde are introduced. They are two-component materials. That formed the coating cured, is added to the basis of acid-curing agent. The prepared mixture has a limited shelf life, component, depending on the brand, a couple of hours or a few days.

As a result, solid wood surface formed film, which provides a degree of protection from moisture. Alkyd-urea marks are used primarily for treatment or massive parquet floor boards. They demand and the processing of wood furniture and various interior items.

Alkyd-urethane alkyd varnish is a resin to which is added the group of urethanes, and the organic solvent. The introduction of additional components has allowed to increase the service life of the coating formed by half compared with alkyd analogue. The substance has an unpleasant odor. It protects the wood from the effects of negative factors. Used for the treatment of ship surfaces.

Acrylic and acrylic urethane

The acrylic lacquer is environmentally friendly and safe composition having no odor. It can be used for treating grounds in children's rooms. Water-soluble compounds dry long enough. It may take about two weeks for the formation of the film. Before applying the composition of the wood is primed.

Attention! Manufacturers offer acrylic paints for wood, containing up to 15% of the solvent.

Water-based formulations emphasize the natural beauty of wood, but do not provide sufficient protection from moisture. Flame retardant. The mechanical characteristics of the coating relatively low. Manufacturers of their significantly improved by the introduction of special additives.

Acryl-urethane paint can be diluted with water. He has almost no odor. It has a high level of adhesion to the substrate. It can be applied at a temperature above + 12 ° C, and during its storage value must not fall below + 12 ° C. Used in the performance of finishing works in baths, saunas.

Alcohol and epoxy

Alcohol varnish for wood is of limited use. It is based resin and ethyl alcohol. Last evaporates quickly, so drying the formed layer is required 20-60 minutes. The coating protects the bad foundation of wood from moisture, but it has a beautiful shine. With it, varnished musical instruments, sometimes - furniture.

Epoxy resin varnish of the same name. It is a two-component preparation. Hardening the layer formed is only possible after addition of a quantity of hardener. Returns the solid coating has sufficient water resistance and shock resistance. Used in the performance of internal and external works. With it, varnished flooring. For drying inflicted layer requires no more than half a day.

Polyester and polyurethane

Polyester lacquer - a multi-component composition. Its basis is a polyester resin. For the application uses a special gun. The process is quite time consuming. It requires certain skills and accuracy. After drying, a solid fat film formed at the surface of the wood, providing a degree of protection against moisture and corrosive substances. The best option for the furniture, flooring and some musical instruments.

Polyurethane varnish is the most popular. This group refers Yachting lacquer. Due to high strength and hardness of the formed coating, it can be used universally. It has high adhesion to the substrate. Not afraid of direct sunlight and chemicals. It dries quickly enough (4-12 hours). It can be used during outdoor work. To comply demanding application technique, since even a small amount of water can substantially degrade performance. It has a high cost.

Efirotsellyuloznye

The varnish composition efirotsellyuloznogo include an organic solvent, the resin, plasticizer, cellulose nitrate. For drying required 20-50 minutes. It is matt and glossy. The formed coating is well polished. It has sufficient water resistance. They are covered by musical instruments and pencils.

Advantages and disadvantages

By the advantages of lacquer for wood costs include:

The disadvantage is a long drying.

How to choose a nail tree: the main criteria

Acquire suitable composition will help a number of criteria, which should be necessarily taken into account when choosing a varnish for wood. Emphasis should be given to the purchase of the target, the appearance of the formed coating and its performance.

By Application

Field of application is essential. Varnish for wood is divided into solutions for interior and exterior use. Based on the destination, various substances are introduced into their structure. For surface treatment outdoors, the coating must have properties that allow to resist precipitation and physical effects. Domestic work is performed composition, which is safe for human health. The surface treated with lacquer for interior use, under the influence of the sun and precipitation quickly cracked.

According to the gloss

Degree of gloss of the formed coating may vary. When choosing a varnish for wood, be sure to take into account the design of other interior items and general stylistic design.

Tip! Gloss coating formed depends on the order of its formation, subsequent polishing substrate features and the selected shade.

Wear resistance, and fire resistance

When exposed to considerable mechanical wear resistance of the formed coating level increased requirements. Choosing makeup for parquet, not immediately pay attention to the polyurethane varnish for wood. The formed coating will have a sufficiently high levels of wear resistance. The degree of abrasion will be minimal.

Attention! From buying nitrocellulose lacquer should be abandoned. Its wear resistance is the lowest.

Fire-resistant varnish is used for decoration, which are increased requirements for fire safety. Its compliance is confirmed by the relevant certificate. To ensure a sufficient level of fire resistance, the composition should be applied to meet the technological requirements.

By drying rate and toxicity

Often, the drying speed becomes the main criterion in choosing a suitable composition. On this depends the timeliness of finishing. Setting time depends on the brand and varnish for wood bases. The minimum period shows water-based lacquer. Just have to wait longer than films formed using nitroglycerin.

When working indoors composition toxicity is of particular importance. The most harmful are paints containing solvents: nitrocellulose lacquer, acrylic, polyurethane for outdoor use, polyester. With their help decoration should be carried out in the shop or commercial premises. If the base is varnished in the living room, on the work of its run-time residents should leave.

Leading manufacturers of wood varnishes

When choosing a varnish for wood should pay attention to the products Technocolor. Domestic company offers acrylic polyurethane and other formulations. Among foreign manufacturers stand out:

• AkzoNobel (Netherlands);
• Tikkurila (Finland);
• Henkel (Germany);
• BASF (Germany);
• DuPont (USA).

Popular compositions

Choosing paint for wood, it is worth paying attention to composition, is particularly popular. They are in demand among customers, thanks to the good performance characteristics of the formed coating. Make the right choice to help review experts.

exterior work

To protect the wood, exposed to precipitation, it is worth paying attention to:

Mark	Characteristics	The average price (as of September 2019), rub. per liter
	Urethane alkyd; one component; Protection from UV light	530
Tikkurila Merit Jahti 20
	polyurethane; Honed	1620
Teknos Helo Aqua 20
	acrylate; white	1900
Zobel Zowo-tec 370

More more information in the following video:

inner workings

To protect the wood, is operated inside the building, the most commonly used:

Mark	Characteristics	The average price (as of September 2019), rub. per liter
	polyacrylic; one component; semigloss	1200
Tikkurila Kiva 50
	polyurethane; semigloss	2400
Zar Aqua Water-based
	polyurethane; transparent	2500
Varnish Sherwin-Williams Wood Classics

Methods of application of varnish for wood

The procedure for applying the varnish on the surface affects the appearance and durability of the coating formed. Work perform better in dry windless day at a temperature of more than + 10 ° C. The optimum temperature range is within 15 - 35 ° C at humidity levels below 80%. The process itself involves the following steps:

• tool selection;
• training base. On the surface of the old coating should be removed, the dust existing pollution. If on the basis there is a fungus or mold, this area is disinfected. Wood is ground using grinder or nazhdachki;
• priming. From this stage can be dispensed with, but allow priming to level the foundation and reduce varnish consumption;
• lacquer selected tool after complete drying of the primer layer;
• grinding the formed layer.

Tip! Remove old paint, you can use baking soda.

With a sprayer

They are used in large area processing or when spraying on the base with difficult terrain. It allows to form uniform layer. The composition, applied by spray, must have a suitable consistency.

With a brush or roller

When choosing a brush take into account the composition of wood varnish. For oil should select a tool with natural bristles. To form a smooth surface to help brush with synthetic bristles. By roller resort when processing a large area.

On the horizontal base lacquer is applied stripes. If the surface is vertical, make a cross-motion. After drying inflicted layer, wood treated with fine sandpaper. Thereafter, a second layer is applied.

Share in the comments, if you have to handle the painted wood? Which structure do you prefer?