How to choose LED lamps for the home: it is necessary to know everything!

The operating principle of the solid-state LED was invented back in the early decades of the twentieth century. Ironically, it took eight decades to translate theoretical studies into practice. Thanks to the scientists of the rising sun for the fact that they have managed to develop a cheap LED technology. Now this kind of lighting devices It is in every house. In this article, we will look in light of semiconductor device and determine how to choose LED lamps for home.

What you need to know about the device

The semiconductor light consists of the main parts:

• housing of plastic or glass;
• plinth;
• driver;
• themselves LEDs.

The main source is the luminous flux diode. It is referred to as the English version of LED or LED (light emitting diode) - in Russian. LED formed from the semiconductor which, by electricity effects allocates electromagnetic radiation in the optical range. In order to minimize energy loss in the process, the lamp is set sapphire substrate. It allows you to create a powerful light stream.

Propagation of light is carried out in the range of five to one hundred sixty degrees. LED brightness is permanent and is not connected with the position of the lamp in the space.

LEDs are:

• Indicator. Such semiconductors are not distinguished by reliability and are used in devices obsolete.

• SMD diodes - virtually no heat and have a small size, which makes it possible to use them everywhere.

• COB diodes - a rapidly developing technology, giving a uniform light output.

• filament semiconductors - one such element makes almost half a watt of light energy, with all the three hundred and sixty degrees. filament production differs cheapness, and they - the last and most promising direction in this production.

Semiconductor crystals are very small. In devices lighting they are combined into groups. The lamp may be one hundred crystals. Their board of fiberglass connects with paths, conducting electric current.

Important! The spectrum of the LED glow tiring effect on the human eye. For this reason, a layer of phosphor material used in construction (capable of converting energy to glow).

Dimensions of semiconductors in LEDs require currents that do not exceed target of twenty milliamps. The lighting LED lamps installed additional protection against over-voltage and special heat sinks. LED light sources emit the minimum amount of heat.

Scheme LED lamp 220b in the figure:

Variety of LED devices

In the direction of the LED illumination product flow and design lamps are classified into:

• Bulbs - CornLike candles. Designed for home lighting and give a diffused soft light output;

• spots. Give direction to the illumination and are designed to highlight a limited area;

• linear devices It looks like a glowing tube. They are used in everyday life and in manufacturing for the full illumination of the working space.

In LED bulbs socket has the following types of home:

• with the designation "E" and the numbers speak for diameter - 14, 27 and 40 millimeters. This conventional Edison Screw threaded;
• designation «G» and letters denoting the number of contacts -s-1, d-2, t-3, q-4, p-5. This cap-shaped pin.

Important! Pin sockets are not directly connected to the conventional network, you must use an adapter.

• with the designation of "T" - this type of cap is used on linear lamps. They vary in size and are measured in inches.

Semiconductor lamps are divided into categories depending on the application:

Type of lamp	Picture	Description
household purpose		These devices are gradually replacing the usual tungsten lamps and more modern, but less efficient fluorescent.
For street and industrial lighting		Rope is used for lighting of buildings, Streets, used in road construction. A distinctive feature of these devices - increased protection from mechanical damage and atmospheric effects.
Car illuminators		The specific use of this type of LED lamps is obvious - they are necessary for the headlights, the vehicle lighting equipment and interior lighting.
Rope plant		This is a special class of devices that emit light waves in the ultraviolet spectrum.

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How to choose LED lamps for home Criteria

To properly pick a good LED lamps for home, it is important to consider not only the design and features of energy consumption, but also all the nuances interior and even the state of health of the residents. We will understand this more.

Table power LED lamps and incandescent lamps and their return

Domestic everyman used to measure the power of the instrument lighting in watts. Often the question arises: what is the ratio of power LED and incandescent devices?

The box with duralights usually indicate the wattage it easier to compare.

Note! In the semiconductor devices of illumination light power factor exceeds the amount of energy consumed on average five times.

electricity costs for home lighting appliances with replacement with LED decrease in the average five - six times.

Replacing lighting appliances in the house, you need to make sure that opportunities wiring allow the use of the new system. What more should pay attention and how to choose LED lamp for home? At the same packages LED lamps have another measure, it is measured in lumens and characterizes the amount of light emission.

Note! If the data on the product packaging box do not match the given table, there is reason to think. Most likely, the manufacturers are trying to mislead you.

Low light flux

The temperature of the luminous flux is measured in Kelvin. It is of three main types:

• neutral - 4 thousand. TO;
• warm - 2.7 thousand K;
• Cold - 6.5 thousand. TO.

Doctors and designers are advised to select the temperature of the light depending on the purpose of illumination. To work at a desk are more appropriate cool colors, in bedroom and give preference to the children's room warm shades of lighting.

In the hallway, or bathroom neutral lamp set temperature. The kitchen best option would be a combination of different colors. Above the working place - cold light, in dining area - warm.

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Additional selection criteria

Shape bulb is set mainly in terms of aesthetics. There are many options: pear, candle, bowl, corn. The angle of illumination when using such devices - about one hundred and twenty degrees. On sale is narrowly focused and devices, from thirty to ninety degrees.

Tip! If the need for a smooth power adjustment lighting should purchase control - dimmer. To it are chosen dimmable lamp.

Lamp life - another important criterion for selection. Of course, every customer wants the product to have served as long as possible. Chinese companies indicate on the package a long time - in most cases the theoretical data about the resource Rope. Serious manufacturers declare verified data - from three to five years.

LED lamps for the house: the price and rating of manufacturers

Diode tape is from 25 rubles per square meter, a lamp - 100. The price of devices is dependent on the reputation of the manufacturer. Products with a certificate will cost more, but in return ensures a long service life.

Manufacturers of LED lamps for the home: the rating of famous brands

logo	Manufacturer	Country of origin	The cost of equipment, rubles
EUROPE
	PHILIPS	Netherlands	500/2000
	FOTON LIGHTING	England	700/1700
	OSRAM	Germany	400/1600
CHINA
	CAMELION	China	100/450
	SELECTA	China	1200/1300
	ESTARES	China	200/500
RUSSIA
	OPTOGAN	Russia	500/700
	Svetlana-Optoelectronics	Russia	2000/2100
	GAUSS	Russia	400/2000

A little bit about lighting standards in the room

Many notice, as the level of illumination in the room affects the performance and mood. If the room is primarily a dim light - vision may decrease with time. People with thin neural organization can even plunge into depression.

Doctors have developed special rules and consolidated research SNIP standard. Measurements are given in lux:

• children's rooms - 200;
• work space - 300;
• corridors - 50;
• sanitary rooms - 50;
• Kitchen - 150;
• Bedroom - 150;
• basements and attics - 20.

Note! 1 suite - this is one lumen per square meter multiplied room. To calculate the amount of power and lighting points, you should calculate the necessary amount of lumens per room and purchase the appropriate power unit.

Why flashing LED lamp after turning off, what to do and should I be concerned?

Causes blinking device after actuation switch may be two:

1. The room is faulty wiring.
2. This is due to the peculiarities switches (They have lights).

In both cases remains small amount of current in the network, which acts on the trigger Rope. After receiving the pulse lamp is switched on momentarily and then extinguished.

How to solve this problem? If the case in the switch - it is easier to replace. Pick a simple model without the display backlight. There are more complex idea: set the resistor with a small resistance. It is set directly from the lamp or near the switch and hide shrink tube. The third way to solve the problem - replace the first in a chain of point light bulbs on the instrument. Power residual momentum is not enough to run it.

More complicated things are, if the switch is not illuminated, and the light continues to flash. Have to search for damage wiring. It is better not to delay the process indefinitely. You understand that the longer the waiting - the more likely that a small problem become a big fire.

Note! Often flashing lights due to error switch setting. In the open circuit fed zero. As a result, devices are constantly fueled by the energy even after turning the switch.

Summary and Conclusions

So, how to choose LED lamps for home? It should pay attention to the manufacturer. Give preference to certified products with the reasonable time guarantee. Miser pays twice - no one has repealed this rule. Do not chase cheapness. For home lighting lamps and use chandeliersAdapted for rope light, so you can well save on electricity. Pick color temperature in accordance with the purpose of the device. For the working area is suitable cold range, recreation areas - warm.

And count the number of power LED devices in accordance with the rules laid down snip - and will never suffer vision problems and save your psyche.