Awnings, built to house 75 photo options

Carport - roof, located at the poles. This non-insulated stationary structure, designed to protect the local area from the precipitation, the rays emanating from the sun. It is often used to park the car in the summer it can be placed under the table, to organize a recreation area in the shade.

Production overhang can be produced according to various schemes. They differ in the roof structure, the materials used, method of installation (Attached, cantilever-supporting).

types of structures

Extension to the house should be functional, fit the exterior of the building. Properly planned canopy will protect not only from rain, sunlight, it will be a beautiful complement the overall design of the building. There are several types of roof construction, it can be:

• Straight. Used to transport fences from precipitation. Can be mounted on terraces, serve as an additional check entry into the house;
• Sloping. Divided into Shed, gable. Plane makes an angle for water runoff, snowmelt. Ramp feature on the leeward side, it reduces the possibility of roof collapse;
• Curly. Used dome, arch, tent, compositionally complex designs.

Depending on the method of construction, divided into canopies detached, Attached, musculoskeletal console. Installation and mounting method of the embodiment can be divided into:

• Reference. Mounted vertically or at an angle to the wall on props. They are of different sizes, are constructed of any material: wood, metal, stone.
• Console. Using special suspension structure fixed directly to the wall. To reduce the pressure on the front of the house, using lightweight materials for the manufacture of awnings that protect windows and doors from rain.

Materials used for the construction of a canopy

When choosing building materials for the construction of load-bearing elements, floors, you must comply with certain requirements. View extension must meet the general character of the building. The product has to be durable, have a resistance to mechanical damage. Racks should be made of wear-resistant materials, which are protected against corrosion. To reduce the load on the support, the coating light is selected. Taken into account, and this fact, as the bandwidth of sunlight.

Materials for the frame and supports

The frame is the basic structural element, it carries the entire load, so durable materials used in its manufacture. It consists of separate parts fastened together (beams, columns, trusses, bars). The main materials for this are the basics:

1. Metal. The skeleton was collected from the metal, galvanized pipes, profiles. Joints are connected by welding, special rivets. The frame may have a complex shape, comprise a forged elements. Installation of metal constructions can be made with your own hands, while working does not require much construction experience. To prevent corrosion of metal products which are subject, they are coated with a primer layer and stained. Among the advantages of such bases can be isolated enhanced durability, reliability and long life, for environmental resistance. Among the shortcomings - susceptibility to oxidation, if not treated, or its absence.
2. Wood. Wooden box constructed of logs, timber. To apply furring lath, battens, boards. The material is easy to handle, is environmentally friendly, natural. The disadvantages are the poor stability of the raw materials to the environment. It can absorb moisture or crack from dryness, this is accompanied by deformation of timber. Wood rot, highly flammable, is a breeding ground for different insects. To avoid negative impacts, wood covered with lacquer, special solutions, paint.
3. Forged support. The most expensive type of frame is comparable to the cost of supports made of stainless steel, which are welded special welding - argon. The skeleton may be composed entirely of forged parts, they can complement other designs. It is durable, special, unique view. Items can be relatively easy, while delivering good flexibility.
4. Stone or brick. It can be found brick frames, very rare stone. This base is used for basic construction. It is distinguished by durability and strength. Stone structures erected for a long time, however, the characteristics significantly exceed the properties of different analogues.

You should not build a wooden shelter over the grill, barbecue, wood near the fire can overheat and become deformed, catch fire.

Methods of fixing a wooden frame

Sheds having wooden skeleton can be fixed directly to the edge of the building facade, and to lie on the second supporting beams. Not all structures are attached to the wall, they can only stand on the supporting pillars. Small moldings can be fastened directly to the wall.

The first thing to do - fix the support beams, joists. They can be installed in several ways: to concrete, to fix screed, concrete, wooden base with a metal glides.

In the presence of the carrier beam arranged vertically on the wall structures applied markings, on which the support is fixed with screws. To reinforce such a structure, its complement special triangular structures supporting joists.

Fixing rails to the supporting pillars carried out by means of nails, screws, screws, galvanized metal plates. Also in the stands doing special grooves on both sides, which is attached to the support beams. Angles increase metal bridges, corners.

Materials for roofing

The construction market offers a wide variety of roofing used in the regeneration of canopies. Cover the roof can be polycarbonate, acrylic glass, metal and plastic, and other sheet materials. Each type of skin has its own peculiarities. To do this, take a look at the most popular coatings:

Metal profiles

Metal profiles - also known as corrugated board, trapezoidal sheet. It is a shaped sheet steel with a galvanized coating. Roofing corrugated board made tougher to withstand a load of snowfall, also trapezoidal sheet roof different way connection - docking is performed overlap. Metal sheets cover the roof of a private house, cottages, pavilions, terraces, garages, sheds, canopies, even used as a fence. In applying the sheeting obtained solid structure which does not transmit moisture and sunlight. The material has a low weight and low cost. When mounting requires a flat surface. On it is not recommended to walk, because it can appear dents. If you installed the cracks, they should be painted, otherwise the list will begin to rust. steel sheet also has a low sound insulation, thermal insulation.

polycarbonate

Polycarbonate - a good option for covering verandas, pool, outbuildings. The material is durable, it can be used in all climatic zones. Available several types of raw materials, each of which has specific differences:

• Cell - the most common. Different cellular structure of different sizes. It is covered with a special layer of the film which is glued onto the front side and protects it from the sunlight;
• Monolithic - rarely used, it requires a reinforced frame, which significantly increases the cost of construction as a whole;
• Profiled - made of solid sheets. It has a high resistance to bending.

Polycarbonate - synthetic crude. It is lightweight, high strength, resistant to precipitation. Transparent material, comparable to glass. He soundproof, thanks to a special coating does not transmit ultraviolet rays. Among the shortcomings can distinguish its expansion under heat, and the destruction of the structure under the action of alkali. When mounting must adhere to certain requirements: polycarbonate sheet is placed so that the protective film was on top; fastened with screws to the required space from the edge of not less than five millimeters. Due to the low weight of the product, it can be installed on a lightweight frame.

metal

Metal - is produced by molding sheet metal, which is coated with special protective structures and primers. Mainly used steel, very rarely - copper, aluminum (order). Products differ according to the type of protective-coating coloring, which comprises: glossy (PE), opaque (MPE) polyester; Plastisol (PVC); gloss (PUR), matt (MatPUR) pura; polidiftorida (PVF, PVDF).

The material is very durable and reliable. In contrast to the sheeting, it is resistant to corrosion, various mechanical damage. Good insulates sound, do not miss the heat. He easily cut grinder, and in its absence, you can use regular scissors for metal. Stacked sheets from the lower edge overlapping with each other.

wooden lattice

A wooden lattice - represents a double frame with a fixed within a grid of slats. Is used to create partitions, carries a decorative function for gazebos, patios, porches, patio. It differs by the method of intersection strips may have the form of a rectangular, diagonal netting.

To create a lattice using different types of wood - oak, pine, birch, larch, and others. Not used as a self-overlap. For shelter canopy is better to use materials made of wood such as planks, share, shingles, shingles, spindle. However, such designs will differ sufficiently high price.

marquise

Marquis - a canopy of matter located above the window, balcony, entrance to the house is used as protection from the sun's rays. It creates a shadow. It represents indoor visor. This coating does not require vertical supports, since it is designed for wall mounting, with the exception of pergolnyh Marquis.

Depending on their location, are divided into awnings window, balcony, and terrace, pergolnye. Each type differs in its design. A disadvantage of such products is that they cover, for any fabric strength and processing time after burns. Some designs have a large weight, so during their placement is considered strength construction materials to which they will attach (foam block, a thick layer of plaster will not withstand such loads).

cloth

Fabric. For sewing and shelter canopies, awnings use different fabric materials. It is necessary that the fabric is not only sheltered from the sun, but also to protect from the rain. There are several:

• Tarpaulin. Traditional material. Is durable, low cost, resistance to moisture. However, heavy structures are obtained have an unattractive appearance;
• The fabric on the basis of PVC. It has a low weight, a lot of colors. Among the shortcomings - it is easily torn, melts at high temperatures.

Materials for the flooring under the canopy

Flooring located outdoors (gazebo, porch, attic) has no heating. It is subject to constant influence exerted by the temperature change. Therefore, the choice responsibly. Materials must meet certain qualities, such as water resistance, strength, durability, cold resistance. Chipboard panels, linoleum will not work, but there are a lot of materials that meet the requirements. Consider the most common:

• Wooden flooring. Used board from whole logs. Floor covering can be laid before or after the erection of the canopy. On this depends the training base for the floor. Bearing beams can be laid directly on the ground, but if you want to design last a long time, you must make a qualitative basis. It may be a cement screed or compacted crushed stone, poured into the agrovoloknom, which cover the ground. Stacked on the base lath nailed slats;
• Decking. Produced from solid wood or duodenum (polymer-wood composite). Laying on also produce crate. At the board has its own advantages and disadvantages, but the PDK is stable to moisture, resistant to temperature fluctuations, it has a long service life, not afraid of deformation;
• Paving slabs. Initially prepared base, which consists of a layer of gravel, sand and over carpeted, it is filled with water and ram. According to the level represented by the taut ropes, spread paving tiles, in places podsypaya shrinkage sand. The flooring has high strength, is not afraid of precipitation, neutral or low temperature. It has many forms and colors;
• Concrete flooring. Before filling stacked pad of crushed stone. If there is a need for high-strength reinforcement is used. As formwork apply borders, boards, flat slate, plywood. For beacons desirable to use a metal profile. After pouring the concrete mixture, it was leveled, extending generally beacons give concrete dry. On the surface, you can create a natural patterns.

What is taken into account in the draft canopy

Any construction begins with the creation of the drawing. At this stage mulling diagram future construction, its size is calculated on the basis of load bearing beams and is calculated required number of supports. It provides the slope of the coating plane, the presence gutter. Proper planning includes adhering to certain requirements:

• The height of the canopy should be more than two meters;
• Skeleton construction should be done as simple as possible, do not load it with unnecessary details;
• Requires measure canopy area occupied;
• Match thickness of supporting walls, the construction of the main room, the availability of wind, the amount of seasonal precipitation;
• Pick foundation should be based on the framework and the coating materials;
• It is necessary to provide protection of the individual elements from the adverse effects (using impregnations, dyes, antiseptics, protective varnishes);
• Should take into account the material of the roof, its ability to transmit light, it can be installed under the special fabric cover, which is easy to be phased out;
• When calculating the additional lighting, consider the functionality of the structure;
• Take into account the presence of the facade cladding (siding, decorative plaster), pick a color cover him porch overhang.

Choosing a location

Protective canopy function is very important, but also important place of its location and compatibility with design facilities. If the cottage, a vacation home, also located in the city, has not yet been built, in which case the awning is installed separately from the buildings erected. Good design to attach to the front of the house, right at its walls.

If the size of the plot allows, then preference is given to the shed with a larger area, under which it is possible to arrange several cars. It perfectly solves the problem with the relatives who had come to visit the car, the availability of a family of several cars. When selecting the front side is taken into account windy, architectural differences at home, and sometimes its design does not allow to establish the structure on the front side.

According to the construction norms, the distance between directly attached to the side wall of the canopy and the end portion point should be more than three meters.

Installation of the canopy with a wooden frame with his hands

Such structures are found everywhere. They are used in the country, they can attach to a private house, even observed on the territory of the factories. Many prefer such a building material such as wood. This is due to its characteristics. Since it is simple to operate. Even in the presence of a vast choice of materials, wooden structures are in a trend.

Make a wooden shed to the house with his own hands possible. This will require a plan, to purchase building materials, have available tools for the job, determine the place, carry out preparatory work.

Tools and materials needed

When you have finished with all the calculations, to determine the quantity, you can proceed to purchase the missing materials. In the construction of handwritten designs, materials should be taken with a small margin, this will avoid unpleasant situations with the wrong expectation. To get started, you need the following construction materials:

• Wooden floor beams, bearing supports, rails;
• Roofing;
• Crushed stone, sand, wood, cement, geotextiles;
• Fasteners (corners, screws, bolts, etc.).

To carry out work required tools:

• Boer, a shovel;
• Wheelbarrow, trolley;
• The old bath, concrete mixer;
• Hammer, ax, handsaw;
• Drill, screwdriver, Bulgarian;
• Tape measure, level.

Foundation

Canopy with wooden frame does not require strong support. To him fit lightweight foundation. Using columnar, concrete. Usually it has done blind area around the buildings. Therefore, bearing supports, located at the wall, attached directly to it.

Professionals recommend to prepare the site, but you can do without them. The establishment of such bases begins with the removal in the courtyard of the upper layer of soil - to thirty centimeters. The surface is treated with special solutions, which do not give the remnants of the plant root system to grow, covered with geotextile. On top of it is filled with a layer of sand and gravel. They need to add water, well compacted.

Pier foundation is different from the concrete. To fill its need to dig a hole, drill hole at a depth of soil freezing - up to one meter. The resulting recess is inserted sewer plastic pipe, aligned on the level. Wooden beam can be set in concrete in the pipe or attached to the foundation after drying screed. For the first case, the support is impregnated with varnish, antiseptics, below wrapped roofing material, wrapped with foil.

The concrete foundation is poured into the trench. Deepen its two feet, and the width of the dig on a bayonet spade - to forty centimeters. The bottom layer should fill sand, gravel is poured over it. If necessary, make the reinforcement. On the prepared substrate concrete is poured, while setting the level of the bearing beams. Further, the foundation allowed to stand, dries, hardens. Only then you can proceed to the further installation of the wooden frame. Beams can be mounted on the surface of the concrete screed, using a heel.

frame

It is attached to the concrete base, wooden base. For this purpose, a heel, a corner. To create a robust design, all elements must be attached to the base at a right angle, perpendicular. The support beams can provide a basis only for one side of the frame, in the case where the second based directly on the facade, or prop up the two sides, when installing load-bearing beams near walls.

On the type of roof (pent, gable, curved) depends on its structure. Pent roof - the most common, which does not require costly option. At the final stage of starting to establish crates, which are laid on rafters, trusses.

roof installation

The coating is fixed to the finished crate. Installation procedure for each material is different. For example, trapezoidal sheet, metal fastened with screws, slate - special nails, tissues - sufficient rail and industrial stapler. When fastening material should display its edge beyond the base area. These actions will create additional fence of rainfall.

The roof does not require a vapor barrier layer, as well as additional insulation. However, we can put a layer of waterproofing. When attaching different coatings to adhere to the instructions provided by the manufacturer is sufficient.

installation of floor

Run flooring personally not be easy. It all starts with the grounds on which can be laid floor covering. Wooden frame it is desirable to combine with same flooring. Consider the option of laying wooden flooring:

• wooden beams can be used, the size of which is comparable to the area of ​​the canopy foundation for flooring. They were laid out on the edge of the mounting support legs. To align the base beams under them can enclose concrete blocks;
• Under concrete substrates made grooves are slipped under rubble, to obtain a flat plane of the base used;
• After leveling the surface proceeds to step lag setting, creating batten, on which is attached a floor covering;
• At the finished design can attach the floorboard. They are placed with a small gap.
• Since the board does not always have the same height, they grind;
• At the final stage, it is recommended to treat the surface of paints, stains or paint.

decorative design

Practical canopy can also draw beautifully. Give it its flavor. There are many design options, for example:

• You can make a closed canopy, setting the sides wooden lattice;
• Impose savage bearing support;
• Plant around the plants hang-downing varieties, grapes;
• Partial glaze structure;
• Set inside a decorative fireplace;
• Garnish forged articles;
• Decorate the building with bright colors.

conclusion

Build a foundation to build a framework to hide the canopy roofing material - all the actions you can perform with your own hands. The presence of a huge selection of materials, which offer manufacturers, allows you to create shade for the house, carport for every taste. If desired, set a straight line, a curved roof, used as pillars tree proftrubu. Create the required decor.