Gas supply of the settlement is carried out by the distribution network type. delivery scheme lies in the passage of fuel gas pipes to the equipment installed in a residential area in accordance with the norms and requirements of special control services.
Gas goes through several stages of transportation:
- from the production site to the distribution point;
- from the point of conversion to the city gas supply network.
gas supply network in a populated object consists of a number of distribution points, stations and control receivers and the level of performance pressure.
The whole network is an ordered system, which involves intradomestic and intrahouse circuit pads gas pipes.
For mounting of any pipeline pipes are used for special purposes. In apartment buildings and private homes used steel types, they are characterized as high strength. They are selected according to the pressure level of the type of urban network:
- 0.05 kg / cm 2 for low pressure;
- 0.05 to 3.0 kgf / cm 2, the average pressure readings;
- 3 to 6 kgf / cm 2 - a high pressure.
The pros and cons steel gas pipe
Steel products have high rated physical properties. In spite of this the application of identified deficiencies which may affect the service life and operating conditions of gas pipes in apartment buildings.
| Benefits | disadvantages |
| High-level strength | complications during removal of large areas |
| suitable for indoor and outdoor use | inability to bend the product in the correct location |
| suitable for above-ground and underground laying | a large mass of cells |
| ensure an uninterrupted supply due to the tightness and reliability of the welds | lightweight, thin-walled articles have a tendency to the formation of condensate |
To facilitate the installation and construction work in some areas gas is introduced into the pipe operation from polymeric materials. They have their advantages and disadvantages. They are detected by comparison with the steel structures of this type:
Unlike steel pipes Polypropylene easily mounted. The service life of these pipes can be up to 80 years. They can be applied only in cases, if the gas pressure does not exceed 1.2 MPa.
Diameter polypropylene pipes which are used for wire gas ranges from 20 to 400 mm. Pipes characterized by an increased bandwidth compared to steel.
The main disadvantages are:
- deformation when heated above 80 degrees;
- damage during seismic activity or reduced temperatures;
- destruction of structures under the influence of ultraviolet rays.
When using gas pipes in a residential area is necessary to observe the rules of operation:
- laying gas pipes is not possible in the ducts, ventilation shafts in apartments;
- pipes must not overlap the door or window openings;
- access to the pipes can not overlap the wall panels decorated complex degree of dismantling;
- the distance to the floor surface from the gas pipe component should be not less than 200 cm;
- installing in a residential area, which is the height of not less than 220 cm;
- finishing walls and ceilings in areas of access to gas pipes must be free of flammable materials;
- compounds are useful for welding in places open approach provides connectors for inspection and access;
- the location of the pipes with respect to the wiring must comply with the predefined security requirements in a particular dwelling;
- pipe connections are provided for kitchens, equipped with gas cookers corresponding safety standards;
- distance from the plates to the walls should be less than 7 cm;
- residential premises in which the gas cooker are installed gas water heaters or boilers for heating should have ventilation taps;
- the pipeline system should not be located next to the cooling apparatus;
- when attaching the gas pipe to the wall using devices specially provided.
SNIP (standard set for construction companies) are requirements to the physical properties of the gas pipeline and the sizes of structures:
- thickness wired products wall should be about 3 mm for laying underground wall thickness for laying on the ground - at least 2 mm;
- diameter steel pipeline for the product can be from 15 to 100 mm;
- capacity of such products ranges from 3 to 12 atmospheres, the rate depends on the place of passage.
Pipes called dimensional, the length is 12 m. Unmeasured called those that exceed the length of that level.
There are predefined rules that calculate the life of steel products for the gas. Steel structures are approximate period - 30 years. The period may be affected by the presence of external factors. Special conditions pose downside risks to the terms of service.
Signs by which we can determine that the pipes need to be replaced
Before proceeding to the replacement process, utilities, conduct appropriate review and measurements. On the basis of action drawn up protocols, and gas pipeline product is ready to be replaced.
The audit must be replaced if:
- there was thinning of the walls above the norm;
- change occurred welding compounds;
- leaking gas meter readings.
Repair of gas pipes
Repair of structures provides for their substitution, partially or completely. Complete replacement is carried mobile teams, they withdraw the damaged portions of the main passage to the general houses, further - as needed.
Partial Replacement type in an apartment building includes cutting portions and placing a new portion via welding connection. These actions provide for the observance of safety rules:
- Implemented overlap gas access.
- From the portion which is subjected to replacement, gas residues are removed in accordance with the safe handling of dangerous objects.
- After cutting the welded new site.
- Tests have been conducted to analyze the integrity of the replaced portion.
- Produced gas start after the necessary purge.
Replacement of gas equipment must not be carried out independently. This is a complex and technically risky process that can carry out specialists. After changing the information introduced into the special technical passport, which will be evidence of the work, and the nuances of the event specifying dates.
When the gas supply system in the presence of consumers must comply with the rules which help to extend the life of the structure and prevent difficult situations:
- timely inspection and inspection of the gas pipe;
- the correct sequence of switching equipment;
- checking equipment in suspected gas leak well.
Minimum doubts gas equipment condition require immediate call professionals utilities. cooking gas is prohibited when using:
- bandaging pipelines ropes;
- reinstall the equipment by yourself;
- leak check via lighters or matches;
- bend or skuchivat hoses that connect the system to the stove.
Compliance with the rules is necessary to avoid dangerous situations.
