Chimney - this is a mandatory attribute of a modern private home. When designing it wrong there is a lot of problems to be solved which require the involvement of expensive specialists. Therefore, starting the installation or inspection of the chimney should know the features and variations of this procedure, as well as to get acquainted with the list of required tools. All this will be discussed later in the article.
Design of modern chimney
Any chimney fulfills its only role - removes harmful to the human body to carbon monoxide fumes. But apart from that, modern systems are distinguished by the following features:
- Lightweight design. Often these structures are mounted in the frame houses, where excessive load only hurt the home. The category of "quiet" ideally fall sandwich pipes, which are made of thin-walled metal element. Additional insulation contributes to the heat preservation, which is why lightweight construction constantly remain popular. If necessary, such a structure is easy to disassemble.
- The design on the basis of compact elements. For such use the chimney ceramic blocks. The main advantage of such blocks - low level of thermal conductivity. Blocks are manufactured with special locks at the edges, which considerably simplifies the laying.
- Economical variant design. Ideal for the first time until the funds become available for the installation of solid systems. Masonry used standard red brick, from which spread a direct flow shaft. The shaft products factory of stainless steel and strengthen. Bricklaying it does not require a special kind of solution or work of certain artists - all turns out cheaply, quickly, efficiently.
In this introduction to chimney constructions completed, you must now move on to their main varieties.
The main varieties of chimneys
The requirements for modern devices discharge the products of combustion:
- High tightness. The system should not miss the smoke into the room, and the full amount of output it to the outside.
- High-quality insulation. Hot smoke becomes a main cause of ignition of wooden walls, beams and a roof.
- Thermal conductivity. The heated chimney becomes a source of heat in the room, which is especially appreciated in the colder periods of the year.
All kinds of stuff listed smoke removal systems to a certain extent meet these requirements.
- Brick. System mounted red brick had high functionality during use gas or liquid fuel. Firewood, briquettes produce smoke a lower temperature, so the brick chimneys gradually lost its popularity. With modern solid fuel boiler, such a system does not have time to warm up quickly.
- Ceramic. Universal material designed specifically for use at elevated temperatures. Several layers of smooth ceramics provide a high quality traction. Ceramics also can withstand high mechanical loads, and its lifespan is on average 100 years.
- Systems of stainless steel. Have longevity and prevent the deposition of tar and soot on the inside walls. Stainless steel is often used when installing the chimney of the capacity for rapid heating. Accordingly, less fuel consumption necessary for heating.
- Sandwich tube. It is unique due to its design, which reduces the chimney installation, for example for boiler or bath. Sandwich tube consists of three basic elements: internal, external, and a heater. All compounds of these elements are carried out only with the use of expensive argon welding. The metal in the manufacture of sandwich pipes used as galvanized sheet, and stainless steel sheets.
- Cast iron. In modern construction iron is not often used because of its shortcomings such as slow heating, the tendency to rapid accumulation of soot and tar. Cast iron structure must be frequently cleaned, otherwise the system quickly loses its efficiency.
What tools are required to work
To manually set up the chimney requires not only patience, but also some tools. If you do everything "on the knee", then it will only lead to greater expenditure of funds in the future. On the construction is not worth saving.
Short instruction and the core list of tools needed for installation:
- Bulgarian. The primary tool of those who want to make a smooth and orderly system of combustion products. Do not try to replace even the simplest grinders hacksaw. To anything good it will not.
- A drill-screwdriver. To avoid spending extra money, it is possible to acquire a combined embodiment, since the thin metal drilling is not required high power drill.
- Jigsaw. Useful only in a private house with wooden beams. Use the jigsaw can be quickly and accurately make a hole of the required diameter.
- Trowel spatula. When you want to process very large joints, these tools are indispensable. Also suitable for use with refractory sealant.
Important! No work can not start on buying protection. Simple building glasses with transparent glasses and protective gloves should always be at hand. Especially when the power tool.
The main stages of the sandwich assembly chimney
How to install the chimney quickly? The answer is simple: buy a sandwich pipe. This material is ideal for private homes, especially if a lot of experience in building no. For the installation of this material do not even need an assistant, all the steps can be performed independently.
Putting all the structural elements
Sandwich tube has a design feature - ribbed coating on both sides. This device allows you to connect the elements with each other by simply inserting the various parts of one another. For condensate, which will occur during operation, install additional tees.
All joints must be efficiently and reliably pull steel clamps. To connect with the starting of the boiler, fireplace or other heating devices, you must purchase an appropriate adapter with two different diameters.
For compounds inner product used a simple method. Control the one inner pipe at a distance of 10 cm, is connected with the second (using smaller diameter steel collar) and is pushed into the outer tube. For greater tightness is not enough to use only the collars also require a special sealant, designed to work at high temperatures.
protect floors
When installing the chimney pipe of a sandwich, or other material, through the wall, you should consider fire safety rules. If it is concrete or brick, it will be sufficient to place the joint simply be sealed. Much more difficult in wooden houses, where the chimney contact with the wooden wall will result in a fire.
How to protect the junction retraction system with overlap:
- Use galvanized sheet, which should be fixed on the ceiling. In the middle of the hole cut through the sheet and the chimney is inserted into it. Galvanized sheet is not heated completely and not transmitting excessive heat wooden surface.
- The distance from the pipes to the nearest wood surface processed using the heater. Virtually all modern heat-resistant insulation - do not ignite at high temperatures.
Instead of galvanized steel, many builders use asbestos material. It also has high resistance to high temperatures.
Output the tube onto the roof
Mounting chimney of sandwich pipes and laying it over the roof portion is the most painstaking work. There need not only to apply physical force, but also to calculate everything accurately and correctly.
The procedure for withdrawal of the chimney on the roof:
- Make a hole in the roof. That it turned out neat place should identify in advance with the help of a construction marker. No need to hurry, because the curved hole will not add aesthetics of the whole structure. Cut the roof is most convenient to the inner part of it.
- Inside set undercovering sheet fastened securely, and the outside - roof-cutting.
- It remains only to bring the outer part through the opening and securely be sealed edge.
Now you can double-check as the design and as the final stage - Remove any protective film. It is safe to kindle the boiler or fireplace and watch all joints and holes with sealant.
Subtleties external chimney installation
When installing the outer structure should be aware of some of the rules, as it differs from the internal setting. But hold the outer drainage system of the combustion products, as well as dismantling (removal) of chimneys, you can own, without the help of outsiders.
The sequence of installation of the outer chimney:
- Make a hole in the wall, opposite the outlet of the heater. Much easier if the wooden wall, then only need jigsaw or hacksaw on wood. If the wall is concrete or made of brick, it can not do without the help of the gun.
- Secure the entire outer wall of the special brackets. To mount better to use anchor bolts. Brackets must be placed at a distance of half a meter apart.
- Print the knee outward. To do this, first mounted pipe to the heating device, which then passes through the wall and is attached to a metal knee. The place where the pipe is adjacent to the overlap should be qualitatively and reliably repaired with sealant.
- Thereafter, it is going to the entire outer part of the tube, secured to the brackets and to the knee. The entire structure can be assembled piece by piece, it takes not much time and effort.
- Assembling the chimney to be executed according to the rules of the building art, therefore, the upper portion of the tube set headroom.
External mounting design does not take much time, it is less problematic than the inside. It is enough to make one hole and withdraw the tube, and not to carry out the system through the whole house.
Set chimney iron
Exhaust gas system of the combustion products has its benefits and drawbacks. The main advantage - it's low price, minus - is now such systems practically are not applied, to find iron pipes is problematic. Cast iron can not be called a durable material, as opposed to steel pipe. He steadfastly sees frequent temperature swings, but is very sensitive to mechanical damage.
Steps for installing a cast-iron system:
- The preparatory phase, in which the necessary quality to fit all the pipes together to assemble the structure in its entirety. Important! Customized tubes should be very carefully, since iron is a brittle material. The slightest shock can occur chipped or cracked. To connect the system components necessary to use special clamps or metallic streamers.
- Secure pipe in a hole, passing to the roof. The best thing to do once-through system, without any branches or arms. Then less likely that the chimney will soon clog.
- Connect the tube with the heater. This requires the use of special cast iron adapter.
- joint space efficiently handle refractory sealant.
- After the sealant has dried, the coating can begin chimney insulating layer.
- At the top of the set and lock the well head.
After completion of the system installation, it should be checked. It is enough to melt the heater after - to inspect all joints. At the slightest passage of smoke, the joint should be sealed again.
