Sewerage system does not always work perfectly. Especially when it comes to apartment houses with worn communications.
The reason a lot of trouble with sewage connected to the pressure difference within the system. If a common pipe connects multiple outputs on plumbing, then, for example, flushing the toilet can pull the water trap in the siphon sink. As a result, in the newly created hole pulled unpleasant odors from the general system.
The most effective possibility to adjust the pressure in the pipes - this fan valve is installed to drain. It can operate as an outlet and as an inlet device. Most often it is a special output pipe in a well-ventilated location: outside the house through the roof or wall and away from the windows (at rates not less than 4 meters).
But such a system has significant disadvantages, which mainly consist in high cost of works and design complexity. For example, a sewer pipe is derived from a common riser and installed at the time of construction of the building.
When the sewer pipe begins to operate intermittently (clogged, formed therein microcracks violating tightness), in some places, connecting plumbing pressure is not always the case constant.
In contrast to solid sewer system serves one of the simplest and most affordable ways to get rid of the smell of sewage - is to put a simple vacuum valve. For its proper installation also need to know some secrets, but this device can provide quality work and quite effectively copes with 2-3 attached bathrooms.
Design features and principle of operation of the vacuum valve for sewerage
Put an ordinary sewer valve of the vacuum-type you can own hands. The device is sold in the assembled state, and the only difficulty that is in the assembly, its seal with the sewer pipe.
The valve is perfect for installation in the sewer in a private home or apartment - where a few toilets and the load on the drain quite small. Then he would be effectively cope with their work.
Important! The vacuum valve for sewage, or as it is called - aerator - must be installed in a well-ventilated area. It is desirable to 4-5 meters was a window. The apartment is ideal for general ventilation, which can be enhanced traction electric fan.
The principle of operation of the vacuum valve is that the laws of physics warm air flows into the upper point. System of sewer pipes also has cavities which are filled with air having an unpleasant odor. Well-designed communication differ in that place concentration of air pockets is supplied with holes that would allow equalize pressure differences.
Another issue is that the usual opening would constantly bleed air, and sometimes missed out fluid, causing leakage and flooding., Is one way to avoid this, the shut-off valve is used for the sewerage. That is, it is set flapper, which can allow air from the outside in the open state. In ordinary mode or when the pressure inside the sewer system is raised, the valve is hermetically closed.
Conventional valve of the vacuum amplifier is designed as simple as possible. Most often it is a membrane made of rubber and is a conventional gasket, which reliably covers the maintenance opening in the domestic sewage system.
Interesting! The cheapest option for the price - is the use of the valve of the classical rubber membrane. But in the process the material can quickly become useless and worse to perform its functions. The expensive vacuum valves can be used modern technology. For example, polymer compositions, which for years did not violate the tightness of sewage, without losing any quality at all. Or supplemented rod device which has been finely tuned to respond when pressure drops.
The valve consists of:
- housing;
- internal openings for air passage;
- rod which is configured so as to record the pressure drop in pipes and out, opening or closing a membrane;
- membrane;
- protective cover.
Schematically, the valve operation is as follows:
On one side face of the device has an opening for communicating with the room air. On some models, the receiver may be mounted at the top or be placed under the covering cap.
Inside the vacuum valve there is a hollow space through which air can move freely. Red arrow on diagram shows a pair of drain. They can not get into the room, as the obstacles encountered in the form of a rubber membrane (left figure). When the pressure in the pipe system drops severely, the membrane is raised by the air pressure of the room (gray arrows). At the instant when pressure is equalized, the rubber gasket is lowered again, ensuring tightness of the system.
Terms of the vacuum valve assembly
According to the building regulations, exhaust drainage must be fans. It is understood, according to the following requirements:
- Any type of sewer system (for industrial and domestic use) must be ventilated through the risers of the same diameter as the main pipe.
- The outlet should not be output to the common shaft for ventilation, and involves retraction of the roof - the street, 4 meters or more from the windows and balcony.
- Sewage pipes can combine multiple risers with sewage.
It turns out that building codes do not regulate the installation of a simple vacuum valve. Therefore, each owner can decide to install it yourself.
Useful such a valve can on the lower floors of apartment buildings (which can be absorbed by the water seal toilets or siphon) because of the frequent use of sewage neighbors. It is known that the intensive draining, suction capacity of the pipe is up to 30 volumes of the water that collects in the plumbing to block odor. In this case, the valve can not do without.
In a private house, too, decided to put the vacuum valves when using multiple outputs into a single sewer pipe (bath, sink 1-2, 1-2 toilet).
There are a few simple tips on installing efficient air valve on the drain. In fact, their design does not differ much from each other, but on how well realized installation, depends on many things.
- To start the equipment is checked for leaks. For this fit a conventional bicycle or motor pump. If the membrane process soap or dip it in the water and to purge the system in the reverse direction, the air bubbles formed clearly say that the elastic band does not cover the hole as needed.
- Putting the vacuum valve to be exclusively in the vertical position. So it will work as efficiently as possible.
- To the valve must be a good air flow, but also to create a rapid accessibility for repairs also should not be neglected.
- Aerator features no less than 30 centimeters above the joint with the riser. For connecting use an adapter and pipe elbows.
- There are two types of aerators: 50 and 110 mm in diameter. The first is recommended to put on the bends of the siphons and local drains, and the second - the main sewer pipe.
- Directly with the valve tube which can be installed in two ways: to wind a pre-tapped or via funnel, treated with sealant.
Before assembly to block water in the building, and then implement the appropriate box on the pipe adapter-knee. The connection between the air valve and the sewer pipe is cleaned from dirt, to keep the system for leaks. Of the tools at hand need to have a suitable wrench, sealant, saw for metal.
As the operation of the device requires virtually no maintenance, as its device the most simple. The only problems that sometimes occur, it is wear of the rubber membrane. But change it is usually a matter of minutes.
Pros and cons of the vacuum valve
The main plus of the use of the vacuum valve is that it is designed to maximize savings in the repair of the sewage system. Sewage pipes come in several times more expensive, as it requires a major redesign and purchase a large quantity of materials.
- Also, the valve membrane significantly improve the performance of sewage.
- high energy efficiency (heat losses in the pipe system will not be as high as a sewer pipe) is achieved.
- Installation easy, intuitive and fast.
But at the same time it would be a bit foolish to believe that the vacuum valve - this is a panacea for all ills to the sewage system. Yes, except for him nothing more to be used in apartment buildings, where there is no sewer pipe. Also, only this device will significantly reduce the cost estimates of a private house (where fanstoyak not entirely advisable because of low load on the sewage system).
But the air valve is recommended to set when the output is on plumbing not so much. Ideal - two, three. Otherwise, it will not always withstand the load, and the smell of sewage still fall into the premises through the rips gidrozatovory.
