Wiring pipes: water supply wiring in a private home, bath and in the country

Water supply and sewerage - engineering systems, installation of which is required in any private home, as their presence It provides a minimum level of comfort: the ability to take a shower, wash the dishes or products to cook dinner.

At the design stage it is important not only to calculate and choose the pumps, but also correctly plan and the wiring connecting the source of water supply for the house. Routing water pipes and installation of all necessary equipment should be carried out immediately after the construction of the house. Otherwise, the installation will take away a significant amount of time and money.

Water Supply Pipe

In the first place in the design of the system is necessary to identify the source of water supply. There are three options:

• well;
• well;
• highway.

If your plot is well, you can carry water with their hands. However, this method of water extraction has several disadvantages:

1. Water intake should take place continuously, otherwise there will be flooding of the well.
2. You must install a multi-level treatment system, as is usually the water quality does not meet the standards.
3. The resource of this source is limited, so this method is suitable only for a small house.
4. The need for regular cleaning and disinfection of the well.

surface (if the well a few meters from the house) or a submersible pump can be used to supply water to the case. Typically, the well is only applicable in case of low water consumption, in most cases preferred other sources.

The most popular method of water supply of private homes - water from artesian wells. Installation costs are relatively high, but the system's reliability and high quality of water to compensate for this deficiency.

Connecting to the network backbone - the easiest way to water, but it rarely occurs. For the introduction of water on land only enough to get permission (from the recommendations by pipelining) and connect the tube.

Scheme wiring pipes: collector or sequential

No matter what the source of water supply has been selected, the object is selected for optimum wiring tubes scheme sequential or collector wiring pipe water supply system. When designing a network, you need to pay attention to the following factors:

• the number of people living in the house;
• frequency of being in the house;
• the intensity of water use.

Tee (or sequential) distributing pipe from the heater, or the riser pipe passes through the connecting fittings to each other. Thus, installation of the system takes a minimum amount of materials and time, but in this connection method has two major drawbacks:

1. Uneven pressure of the system while using multiple users. That is, for example, when the water in the bathroom or in the kitchen normal water pressure will only be in the tap, which is located closer to the source.
2. To repair a single element of the system to be completely disconnected the water supply of the building.

When the collector (or parallel) to the intake pipe connecting directly summed by points distributing manifold (individual valves are provided for the hot and cold water). Manifold layout allows all users to constantly obtain a stable water pressure, regardless of the number of simultaneously included plumbing fixtures. The main drawback of this method - a large number of pipes, which are difficult and expensive to hide.

In recent years, an increasingly popular combination distributing water pipes, where the short lines are installed in series, and then collected in a reservoir. This method is a budget alternative to the parallel connection of pipes. After all, when it takes the material to the installation considerably smaller, and in case of breakage enough to turn off the water supply tolo one short branches.

The hidden and open water system

Plumbing layout can be open or closed method. At first glance, the second option - the more preferred for the reasons given below:

• saving storage space;
• neat appearance, because all communication protection plasterboard or hidden in the wall.

The main water supply when wiring in this manner - as carefully as possible to seal all joints (or better at all Only hide whole sections of the pipeline) and to leave a space between the wall and the pipe to facilitate maintenance works.

The main disadvantages of concealed wiring: the inability to detect the leak immediately and more complex and road repair, as there is a need of opening (and later re-installation), cladding material. The best way to avoid this - installing special doors in places of valves located.

Unlike flush mountable to the finishing works, installation of open pit passes after the installation of the tiles or painting walls. It will look less attractive, but in the case of repair or rearrangement of sanitary equipment, all work can be done quickly and simply.

Selection of pipes for water supply

The water supply system in a private home or cottage can be carried out using pipes made of different materials, each with its own advantages and disadvantages:

1. Copper. The best material for pipes of water supply system in all parameters: corrosion resistant, not afraid UV can not be spoiled by microorganisms, it does not expand and narrows due to changes in temperature and pressure. The only drawback - the high price, so the layout of copper water pipes are rarely used.

1. metalloplastik. Aluminum tubes, protected on both sides with plastic, are an excellent alternative to copper. They are not subject to corrosion and UV, great bend. Additional disadvantage is the fear of high temperatures (over 95 degrees). Therefore, if you plan the wiring plastic pipes in advance to find out the temperature of water supplied (if connecting to the water mains) and follow the correct operation of the boiler. Wiring metal pipes can hands. The main thing - as airtight as possible to connect all the joints. During operation it is important to regularly check the quality of screw connections and, if necessary, tighten them.

1. Steel. The classic version used since the times of the USSR. Pluses material: strength and durability deficiencies: the rapid appearance of rust and complexity installation because of the need to thread all the joints holding elements or welding works.

1. Polyethylene. Polyethylene pipes are excellent for distributing cold and hot water, as different resistance to temperature and good ductility, which greatly facilitates installation. Threads are collected from this material by sealing elements, however, if the select crosslinked polyethylene, assembling is carried out via connecting fittings.

1. PVC. This material is able to undergo a chemical reaction, so is not recommended for domestic plumbing.

1. Polypropylene. Bussing polypropylene - a budget option for the construction of water supply in the house. Systems of polypropylene pipes durable without fear of corrosion and easily assembled using the welding apparatus, so now so common.

When selecting pipes do not forget about what method of laying (serial or collector) you have selected, as of this depends largely on the cost of the system. Pipes with the best quality / price ratio - Polypropylene, with their purchase please note that reinforced components must be selected for the construction of hot water.

Selection of piping section

choose a pipe diameter on all parts of the system before purchasing the material. If it is too small - the flow rate will be high, which will lead to a strong noise, if large - for the purchase, you will spend more money, and the pipe will be harder to hide. The optimum speed of movement of water in the system - 2 m / s.

When tee method gasket diameter depends on the number of series-connected sanitary devices and is calculated individually for each branch. When parallel connection is sufficient to know the length of the section:

• if the portion has a length less than 10 meters, the inner diameter of the pipe should be from 16 mm to 20 mm.
• up to 30 meters - 25 mm.
• more than 30 meters - 32 mm.

In sequential mode key parameter to calculate the - pipe bandwidth. For example, one tap on average passes 5-6 liters per minute. In calculating the sum the capacity of sanitary equipment, which may be incorporated simultaneously, and depending on the diameter of the Pick up. Conduit with a cross section of 25 mm is able to skip 30 liters per minute, 32 mm - 50 l / min, 38 mm - 75 l / min.

water supply system Features

Any water system wiring diagram comprises the following elements:

1. Source of water (well, borehole or pipe).
2. The pump or pumping station for applying the water in the system (electrical or mechanical).
3. Sphere, providing water storage and to create the necessary pressure.
4. The outer and inner tube, which moves water over the site and inside the house.
5. Valving and plumbing equipment for supplying and regulating fluid flow.

For hot water supply must also be included in the system of the heating element - the boiler. The most economical option - a gas boiler two-circuit, also provides heating buildings in winter. if the gas supply is impossible, for a bath, or a small private cottages home installation would be sufficient accumulative electric boiler.

Often to save money at the stage of a bath installation or villa to be used only in the warm season suit summer water supply, in which the pipes are located along the street on the ground. The main disadvantage of this method - the need to flush and clean the pipe before the cold weather. This option is good only as a temporary solution, for example, when there is a possibility of connecting to the highway, but it takes time for approval permits.

Installation of water supply with their own hands

Before installing an independent water system, review the following guidelines and tips:

1. Minimize the number of passes through the tube walling.
2. Leave between the walls and the piping space (at least 2 centimeters) to facilitate repair work.
3. Horizontal pipe attached to the wall every 1-1.5 meters.
4. Prior to the connection point of the washing machine and dishwasher be sure to install strainers, otherwise the device will break down quickly.
5. Lines to the shower, should be equipped with a ball valve.
6. If you plan to supply a small device at home, it is advisable to connect the kitchen and bathroom in parallel. Otherwise, if someone started to wash dishes in cold water, taking a shower receive burns from excessively hot water.
7. An interesting option - horizontal wiring water pipes in the basement with the subsequent rise to the places of connection fittings. In this case, most of the communication will be hidden without additional work. This option is only suitable for one-story houses. In higher buildings can laying pipe portion on the ceiling.

Installation procedure depends on the type of material used. Consider popular now, PEX pipes of Rehau, which can determine not only the master, but also the owner of any premises who does not have special skills.

Wiring pipes German brand Rehau begins with the preparation of necessary materials and tools: a pipe and fittings, expander with nozzles for different diameters, news clip, cutting tool and measuring tape marker.

Assembling system runs as follows:

1. Cutting the pipe.
2. The layout system with fittings on the floor.
3. Connect with special sleeves.

Fixing takes place by increasing the coupling elements and insert them with the sleeve. The main thing - to comply strictly with the horizontality of all the elements, the slightest misalignment will lead to no joint tightness.