A huge variety of construction materials for insulation unprepared buyer puts in a deadlock. Vendors vying tout their wares. This article will explain what is best basalt wool or mineral wool, what types there are and what is the difference between them, and they will use every kind, features, compare with other types of heaters.
What is mineral wool
Before proceeding to the description of the reservation that in the pages of online portals and there is confusion. At its core, basalt wool also is a mineral. The group of insulation, the common name "mineral wool" includes all products made without the use of organic additives. It turns out that all the wool made of mineral raw materials, such and should be called.
By type of raw materials distinguish the types of mineral wool:
- or basalt stone;
- Glass - it is called the mineral salesmen;
- slag.
What produce
Understood from what produces each kind of insulation you can name:
- The basis of stone wool or basalt rock is basalt. The raw material is crushed, melted and a stream of hot air is converted into fine fibers, which are then pressed into a plate with a small amount of binder.
- Glass wool is produced from waste glass container production, quartz sand, borax, dolomite, and other additives. The process of obtaining the same material of the basalt. Only glass yarns are obtained.
- For slag type used waste metallurgical plants - slag. The manufacturing process follows the same concept.
The use of heaters
By choosing the materials for insulation should provide their operational characteristics and sphere of use.
slag wool
Outset that slag wool in civil housing construction can not be used. It is caused by exposure to moisture absorption, which drastically reduces the thermal insulation properties.
By reaction with water in the material tested chemical reaction with release of acid depleting frame on which is mounted a heater, and finishing.
Under the influence of vibration, for example, by passing traffic, insulation fast slozhivaetsya losing inherent thermal insulation characteristics.
fiberglass
Material softest of all considered. When transporting capable "uzhatsya" thickness 4-6 times that reduces shipping costs.
Main place of application where there is no insulation in the mechanical load.
Contemporary glass wool insulated frames of ventilated facades, floors, roofs of buildings, stacking the sheets between the rafters. It can be mounted under the rough flooring. Perfect material for insulation of flues of heating and water pipes.
A distinctive feature of the material - the softness and flexibility, which allows warm, or, conversely, isolate the rough and irregular surfaces.
Bad material has established itself as shumoizolyatora.
The canvases inexpensive hollow doors are also using glass wool. Sandwich panels - one more sphere of application of the material.
basalt heat insulation material
The advantage of this technology is the possibility of insulation finished products of different shapes, densities, hence, resistance to mechanical stress.
Of all considered rock wool insulation has a low index of moisture absorption, and thus keeps the thermal conductivity in the humid air.
Products with lower density are obtained flexible and their use for the isolation of rough surfaces, such as masonry of oversized wall blocks. Pictures insulated ring subterranean wells and chimneys.
Dense and hard types of stone wool suitable for wall insulation wet method, when reinforced plaster boards on the building. Glass wool is not suitable for this method.
Another scope of the plates with high density - warming clutches of lightweight aggregate concrete blocks. To this end, mats positioned between the supporting wall and the cladding of brick masonry.
The outer walls of houses made of aerated concrete is required to provide for finishing. There is also used for insulation of rock wool (wet inside wall or facade).
product Features
Technical characteristics and consumer properties of mineral wool made popular among builders. Consider the critical metrics.
Thermal conductivity
Thermal conductivity is the main characteristic of mineral wool, it is necessary to keep warm products.
The indicator represents the amount of energy that the material flows into the unit time. Find the value can be in certificates of manufacturers and product packaging. The average rate for production according to GOST is within 0,041-0,046 W / (m * C). The value depends on the thickness and length of the fibers and density of the material and is measured at a strictly definite temperature.
Important! Do not rely on the manufacturer, if the package specified index 0,030-0,035 Wm * C. These values indicate an attempt to mislead the consumer or the wrong method of monitoring tests, which is also indirect evidence of the integrity of production workers.
Density
Figure depends on the number of fibers contained in a unit volume. Measured parameter in kg / m3. products on the market fall within the range of 20 to 220 kg / m3.
sound insulation properties
Properties for noise absorption are important for insulation of ceiling and walls of houses in the settlements with heavy traffic.
There are two approaches to achieve silence - sound insulation and sound absorption.
In the first case, vibration and acoustic waves reflected from the insulator in a second - absorbed.
On the packages indicated number from 0 to 1. A material with a coefficient close to zero reflect sounds closer to unity absorbs. The optimum would purchase the mineral wool with the index of 0.4 to 0.6.
water vapor permeability
The indicator shows the ability of the material to pass through the moisture does not accumulate it.
On the characteristic pay attention when the insulated wall made of a porous material, such as lumber, logs. In buildings made of reinforced concrete characteristic is not so important.
The geometrical dimensions
Manufacturers adjust to the needs of construction companies and products as much as possible approached to the standards of guidance documents.
Slabs of mineral wool are usually made 600h1000 mm, thickness from 50 to 200 mm. Width 60 cm - close to the step roof system on the roofs of houses. This option is suitable for insulation of the method of dry ventilated facades. Length 1 Meter convenient for calculations necessary amount of material.
The width of the rolls varies from 60 to 120 cm, with a thickness of 50 - 150 mm. The length of material may be different, but this is usually 9 - 10m.
comparison of materials
To facilitate the choice of mineral wool or basalt wool, as well as other popular heaters important characteristics are summarized in Table.
| Characteristic | Stone wool | fiberglass | Styrofoam | polyurethane foam |
| Density, kg / m3 | 40 — 220 | 20-80 | 15 – 35 | 35- 45 |
| Thermal conductivity, W / m * C | 0,042 – 0,047 | 0,035 – 0,039 | 0,02 | |
| Permeability mg / m * h * Pa | 0,3 | 0,5 – 0,6 | 0,05 | 0,018 |
| Life time | 25-40 | 15 — 30 | 40 | 90 |
| Price, rub. / M3 | 2500 — 5000 |
1700 — 2200 |
1150 - 3500 depending on the density | 1500 rubles / m2 layer at 50mm |
The article discusses the differences between various types of mineral wool depending on the characteristics and applications. Hopefully, the article will help make the right choice.
