Question on warming various pitched roofs today is especially important. Rising energy prices makes the owners of private houses to reconsider the approach to the construction of the roof. It is through it takes up to 30% of the heat. And even well-drawn ceiling insulation is no guarantee that the heat losses are completely eliminated. Particular attention is given to the thermal insulation of attic roofs where the roof construction an additional function of the protective structures, ie walls.
Insulation materials for roof
To begin to deal with the thermal insulation of pitched roofs should be with insulating materials. In the market they are represented fairly wide range, but only four are used for roofs:
- mineral wool - this mineral wool, pressed into mats;
- polystyrene plates;
- polyurethane;
- ecowool.
mineral wool
This material is of stone rocks, which are heated, melted and the resulting mass is drawn into filaments. The last in the material are in a chaotic state.
As for the technical specifications:
- thermal conductivity - 0.042 W / m K;
- density - from 50 to 200 kg / m3;
- a wholly-owned environmental friendliness;
- Easy to install by hand;
- life of 50 years;
- NG (non-combustible) - flammability class.
polystyrene plates
This foamed polystyrene, whose structure - closed balls filled with air. The air occupies 90% of the volume, which reduces the weight of the heater and its thermal conductivity.
Specifications:
- thermal conductivity - 0,034-0,044 W / m K;
- Density - 25-45 kg / m3;
- flammability class - T3 (lit and supports combustion);
- environmental high;
- mounting method - manual;
- service life - 20 years.
It should be noted that the higher the density of the insulation, the higher the conductivity.
Polyurethane foam
This foam mass that hardens in air, turning into a solid, seamless coverage. In fact, this foam, only modified. Sam heater of this kind - a two-component material. Its ingredients are mixed in a special container and supplied under pressure through the hose and nozzle to the surface of the thermally insulated.
Specifications:
- thermal conductivity - 0,019-0,028 W / m K;
- density - 55 kg / m3;
- flammability class - T2;
- service life - 80 years;
- environmental high;
- installation method - requires special equipment.
Ecowool
This insulation - pure cellulose, made from wood. Similar to cotton wool. Here are its features:
- thermal conductivity - 0.038 W / m K;
- Density - 40-45 kg / m3;
- flammability class - G1 (readily flammable);
- service life - 100 years;
- laying method - using equipment;
- Environmentally friendly - 100%.
Comparative analysis
To do such an analysis for the insulation of roofs (various pitched roofs) correctly. Each material its pros and cons. Moreover, the price is different, and the method of installation varies widely. For example, polyurethane foam by its thermo-technical characteristics are better than others. But it does not apply to the roof without special equipment. This increases the already successful bidder.
In this regard, mineral, and polystyrene plate the best option. They are easier to install and are inexpensive. But their life is low.
Compare prices:
TType of insulation |
Mineral wool | polystyrene plates | Polyurethane foam | Ecowool |
| price, rub. | 50-100 per 1 m2 | 250-300 per 1 m2 | 1500 rubles. 1 m2 thickness 50 mm | 2200-2700 rubles. 1 m3 |
Another criterion that can be compared heaters - is the thickness of layer. Here, such a position:
- mineral wool - 214 mm;
- foamed polystyrene - 120-150 mm;
- polyurethane foam - 50-100 mm;
- ecowool - 150-200 mm.
The technology of thermal insulation of pitched roofs
Warming of the attic gable roof is very different from the thermal insulation of roofs uni-directional. Because the last attic space is small, hence the difficulty of the work from the inside. They are transferred outwardly from the roofing. In this case, denoted immediately that the polyurethane foam is not applied in the lean-design.
Thermal insulation of a pent roof
So, how to properly insulated shed roof:
- Rafters at the ends, in the lower edges along a stuffed so-called skull rack.
- Between the rafter laid on rail boards or any durable slab or sheet material: plywood, chipboard, OSB and others. To the feet of the same is carried out fixing screws. Formed a niche.
- According to the rafter system laid vapor barrier membrane. Mounting is carried out with overlapping strips 10-15 cm, after which the joint closes adhesive tape. Laying must be carried out so that the film covers a niche, emphasizing their shape.
- Carried out the installation of a heater in a niche.
- waterproofing membrane laid on top of the rafters in the same way as the vapor barrier, tautly only without slack. Fixing to rafters staples from the stapler.
- Installation of battens.
- Mounting of roof material.
As you can see, insulation shed roof - the process is not very complicated, so hold it with your hands really even a man, far from the construction sector.
Related Content - mineral wool insulation roofing technology.
Insulation of pitched roof
There are two possible situations:
- Roof already covered with roofing material.
- Not yet covered.
Let's start with the second case, because it is easier.
- To the rafters on top of waterproofing film strips stacked. Method for laying - overlapping joint with an additional bonding tape. Installation direction - horizontally from the eaves to the ridge. Strongly do not have to pull a small sag provide thermal expansion or contraction of the material.
- Waterproofing stuffed kontrobreshetka - it sticks laid on the rafters (along). They create a ventilation gap between the roofing and insulation cake.
- Stuffed crate.
- It carried out the installation of the roofing material.
- The other processes are transferred into an attic space (the attic).
- Between rafter elements stacked plate heat insulation system. Layer (thickness) of the latter should equal the width of the rafters.
- Close all pitched plane vapor barrier membrane in the same way as a waterproofing film on top.
- Mounted panel or sheet finishes: plywood, drywall, paneling and others.
If the insulation material is selected polyurethane foam, all work from the inside of the attic reduced to spray foam onto a plane pitched roof structure. The main task - the uniformity of the applied material.
If the insulation is selected ecowool, then first side of the attic truss system is installed and vapor control layer. It then makes a hole, which is inserted into the hose that supplies the heater in the space between the rafters. Thus fills all spaces between rafter. Subsequently made holes are sealed with tape.
I wanted to note that the installation of Cellulose Fiber produced by wet and dry technology. First - this is when the material added to the water. In the case of thermal insulation of pitched roofs used dry technology.
If the roof is covered with roofing material already
Here, heat insulated technology differs from the previous low. The peculiarity lies in the fact that all work produced inside the attic. And the main distinguishing feature - the waterproofing, which is applied to strips to the rafters with waterboarding film formed niches. To understand what was going on, look at the photo, which shows how to be stacked and fastened waterproofing.
All other operations are carried out by the method described above. I.e:
- Produced tab slab insulation.
- Installation of vapor barrier film.
- Inner trim loft.
If you are using polyurethane foam, it is simply applied to the closed film rafters. If applicable ecowool then laid vapor barrier, and the space between the two protective layers is filled with insulation.
Technology hipped roof insulation
Process insulation hipped hipped roof or a tent, the thermal insulation does not differ gable. It's all the same rays, but they are not two, but four. Simply increasing the amount of work done.
The only negative point about of plate heat insulator, it is a large amount of waste. All the matter in the form of rays. She's hipped roof and triangular trapezoidal, triangular in tent only. This means that in places narrowing construction insulation materials have to prune.
This does not apply polyurethane foam and Cellulose Fiber. Here consumption is not changed, and it corresponds to the areas to insulate pitched areas.
On what points you should pay attention
Despite the seeming simplicity of the operations in which there are many nuances, from which the quality of the final result depends. And those who decide to spend their own insulation, it is recommended these important points not to miss:
- Before starting work, all wooden components and spare parts necessary to treat with antiseptic and fire retardant. First is applied first after the second drying. Antiseptic composition - is the protection of the biological effects of (microorganisms: mold, fungi). Flame retardant composition - from fire protection. That is, if a fire starts, the wood will not light immediately, it will take a few minutes.
- At roofing waterproofing fit. Its purpose - to prevent leakage, if you suddenly have to penetrate into the Insulating pie. The second purpose - not let through moisture which is formed in a layer of thermally insulating material.
- Vapor barrier membrane - this is the same film, similar to waterproofing. But it is more dense and does not pass steam (moist air vapor). Therefore, its main task - to close a warming layer, so that it could not penetrate the moisture emanating from the interior of the building and passing through the ceiling. But even with very careful mounting in vapor barrier layer remains small gap through which the steam enters the thermal insulation. So he did not stay there, laid on top of the waterproofing. Important - do not confuse the two materials together. Otherwise, the thermal insulation cake quickly lose their properties. This mainly concerns Cellulose Fiber and certain models of mineral wool.
- If you choose to use as insulation polyurethane foam, and make the whole process with their hands, then it is recommended to purchase a mini-plant, consisting of two cylinders, in which the up- and under pressure Components. They exit from containers of small size are mixed in a special mixer. And through a hose with a nozzle foam is applied to the outside. Manufacturers are now offering units with different volumes of cylinders, with different speed of the work. This equipment is reusable, just after the exhaustion of the ingredients are poured into the vessel. And you can continue to work.
- If used as insulation boards made of foam polystyrene, the vapor barrier film they can not close. This heater is not afraid of even large quantities of water.
- Ideal - to fill the space between the rafter completely, both in width and in depth.
If a decision - to insulate the roof of his house, it is not necessary that the process be shelved. The main thing - the right choice insulation. A very simple operation. Be sure to follow the steps, and the high quality of the end result will be guaranteed.
