The situation with the leakage heating circuit - not uncommon, since the heating system consists of many units and elements, which sealing compound with each other sooner or later broken. Furthermore joints depressurization zone may be a one-piece pipe span, physically worn out or damaged due to exposure to some factor.
To solve a problem or provide the resulting leakage during long-term system installation tightness of its elements connections helps sealant for heating pipes manufactured by different species and performance.
a sealing material requirements for heating systems
The first thing that should be taken in case of violation of tightness of the heating system, is to eliminate the leakage of the coolant, thoroughly or temporarily - to the production of a major overhaul. And the main thing that you need for the installation of heating - it is a reliable seal.
Of these factors derived requirements sealants are used in the apparatus and repairs of water heating systems:
- ease of use;
- heat resistance;
- and high adhesion strength;
- fast enough to achieve the sealing effect;
- the use of safety.
Read also about the Sealant for furnaces.
Types of sealants, their characteristics and applications
At the place of use of sealants for heating systems are divided into compounds:
- for external use - are applied in place of pipeline damage outside and after curing is reduced tightness of the system;
- for internal use (liquid, volumetric action) - are introduced into the circuit and damage the inside is sealed;
- O - are applied to the pad and thread to improve airtight connections.
The choice of the sealant depends on the degree of damage and the availability of the production site of repair. In addition, the choice of sealant causes a way of preparing for the upcoming heating system repair.
Consider the adhesives applied to the common types of damage and compounds of elements of the heating system.
Sealing external application formulations
These sealants are produced one- or two-component.
Given that the coolant pipes of the heating system is not only hot, but also under pressure, sealing damage on the pipe to be particularly carefully. First of all, the sealant must be designed to operate at high temperatures, as indicated on its packaging in the form labeled "resistant" and operating temperature range of values.
Important! Sealant based on acrylic (acrylic) is applied only to the sealing of pipelines of cold water. Pipe repair heating and domestic hot water acrylic adhesive is not suitable, because after curing it is not ductile, and therefore destroyed by thermal deformation of the base.
Of the one-component compositions for repairing hot water heating systems are common sealing adhesives based on silicone.
Heat-resistant silicone-based sealants
To restore the sealing of heating outside the most common application of sealants based on the various types of silicone, including rubber.
For repair of steel pipes should be used neutral silicone types (mark with this option is available on the packaging) because it also produces "sour" silicone adhesives which form acetic acid during cure, react with metal.
If the material meets the temperature requirements necessary for certainty of success it is necessary to enhance the efficiency and reliability of its use additional means. Typically, these sealants manufacturer recommends for use as a filler for cracks or holes. If the material in the other area of application, but its characteristics and potential of the high, the glue is quite suitable for use. For example, the composition recommended for sealing the engine components, to easily cope with the same problem in home heating system.
And yet, given the responsibility of application, apply silicone sealant to the pipe system must in combination with a reinforcing mesh, as the strip which has been used successfully fiberglass tape "serpyanka".
sealing method
On the prepared surface of the pipe (drying, cleaning, degreasing) the sealant layer is applied on top of which butt serpyanku stacked coils, then sealant again, after which the tape is wound with the coils have an overlap of 1 cm. Serpyanku number of layers with adhesive between them should be 4-5, and the need to prevent the formation of air bubbles between them or loose sections. The last 2-3 serpyanku turns made on the pipe section without adhesive and are attached to it vnatyag nylon cable clamp, which after curing silicone will be removed together with the extra turns of the tape. The top layer is made of a repair sealant and smoothed.
The work should be carried out at a temperature not lower than +5 ° C, the silicone should be temeratury room (20-25 deg.). Curing of the composition, which is due to contact with moisture silicone occurs depending on the species of silicone and is a few millimeters per day.
Products, well-proven abroad and in Russia, are silicone sealants MakroFlex, Masterteks, Titan, MasterSil.
Bicomponent compositions for the repair of heating and hot water are different types of adhesives based on epoxy resins and polyurethane.
These compositions are less common for the production pipeline repair, because they require specific skills in keeping proportions in the preparation of the mixture, have low time "vitality" of the solution after mixing the components and high relative to other adhesives cost.
There are one-component polyurethane adhesives, which curing occurs upon exposure to air. The quality of these mixtures are also high, curing takes a little longer than the two-component, and at the price they are also significantly more expensive than silicone materials. The main drawback of polyurethane sealants is toxicity at work - in the room should be good ventilation, and work to avoid getting glue on the exposed skin should be carried out in protective clothing and gloves.
To ensure success when using the two-component must also be carefully prepare the repaired pipe section and in combination with the adhesive reinforcement tape used - serpyanku.
Liquid sealants
Such sealants are used in situations where a large amount to be done to dismantle the decorative and insulating heating membranes to detect the spill area (for example, system "warm floor"), or the intensity of the leakage is negligible - a leak of coolant is not observed, but its volume is reduced, and the pressure in the system when running the circulatory pump reduced.
Important! Upon visual leak absence and reduced pressure in the heating system before introduction of the liquid sealant into the circuit must test the functionality of the expansion tank - coolant pressure drop can be caused by the destruction of his membrane.
Liquid sealant, in contrast to the external application of adhesives, impact damage on the pipeline or inside the radiator. The sealing composition is introduced into the coolant cut off from the main circuit of the heating system. In introducing the sealant into the water no reaction occurs in places of leakage but where the coolant in contact with air, polymerization begins and the adhesive sealing of the damage.
Produced many varieties of liquid sealants, focused on the use of certain systems Heating differing views of the coolant, the heater fuel piping material, and radiators etc.
If the system is not significant leakage, and sealing compound is selected and used correctly, the probability of success in eliminating damage inside high.
Important! In heating systems with pipes and radiators made of steel or aluminum if necessary, the sealing means is permissible to use to repair the cooling system, but not the type of the powder settles in the bottom of the pipeline and its elements, and liquid.
Mode of application
It is a means to combat leaks of heating systems - a relatively new and universal technology of its application is not present, although the principle of action for all liquid formulations is common.
Sealant is acquired in accordance with the characteristics of the heating system installed in the housing. In addition, the buying structure, you must know how much coolant accommodates the heating circuit to acquire sealant in the required amount - in the adhesive contains instructions concentration in which it must be present in system.
The use of each species of the sealant has its own peculiarities: the admissibility of the presence in the filter circuit, input method composition of the coolant, while action, lesion size, the possibility of the presence of the adhesive in the system after reaching effect etc. Algorithm execution sealing liquid formulation It sets out in detail in the instructions for its use, but often for self-execution of this operation is necessary to have a special tool or Equipment, such as a compact electric pump for the initial commissioning of the sealant into the circuit and its complete dissolution and uniform distribution throughout the the volume of coolant. Therefore, not having practical skills in this matter, it is better to turn to professionals who will perform this procedure without the possible negative consequences of such a system blockage or failure of its units.
sealing sealants
As a security thread sealing many years ago used flax tow, strand which wound onto an external thread and coated with lead oxide on a natural drying oil (GOST), after which the joint for about thread. With the advent of modern artificial heating system coolant tow partially lost its effectiveness due to the application of high permeability and antifreezes yielded superiority FUM-tape, though used in combination with a special paste "Unipak", also having in its composition flax fibers, when assembling the large-diameter cast iron pipes, or simply for the lack of PTFE.
FUM tape - a synthetic PTFE material matt, less transparent color, which, due to the content of fluoride, carries the mechanical and temperature without compromising its quality exposure.
Depending on the application, PTFE tape is made of several kinds:
- Industry, containing 20% petrolatum;
- household;
- for acidic environments;
- for systems with specific requirements for the purity of the environment.
Important! Fum-tape is used to seal the compounds in systems with hot and cold water at a maximum pressure value of 9.5 MPa.
Procedure:
- tape wound tightly with a slight tension in the direction of the thread;
- end of the tape should not be placed on the end of the joint.
FUM tape wound onto the thread number of layers, depend on thread diameter:
- Ø 16-25 mm - 3 layer;
- Ø 25-42 mm - 4 layers.
The number of layers is rather conditional, since low-quality material will require twice the flow rate.
Disadvantages FUM-tape:
- during assembly coarse threaded connections tape is torn and extruded;
- It has no adhesion to the surface of materials;
- It does not provide a sealing thread diameter greater than 25 mm, so can not be used when assembling the radiator.
For sealing threaded connections also apply liquid or pasty compositions, which can be elastic-drying or remain Lifetime.
As an example can serve the same does not harden paste "Unipack" with flax fibers in the composition, is used as a independent material that provides not only the tightness of threaded connections, but also to protect them from corrosion and ease of disassembly
Drying the paste - a solvent-based adhesives, modern material, plastic compound during assembly and hardening after a certain time. For more efficient use can be used in combination with flax strand, slow the assembly process, after drying, provide a strong bond without shrinkage during operation.
The disadvantage - the inability to preload the threaded connection without breaking the joint tightness.
Anaerobic adhesives - ready to use mixtures of differing properties depending on the application conditions (pressure, temperature, vibration), thread diameter and the assembly density etc.
Advantages:
- ease of use;
- small complexity process due to the lubricating qualities;
- seals the threaded connection even with a small effort to assembly;
- a wide range of operating pressures of the medium in the pipeline;
- easy removal of excess mixture at the end of operations;
- the presence of species with different degrees of fixation;
- the optimum ratio of the "price-quality."
Anaerobic adhesives applied to both mating threaded surfaces (internal and external) previously cleaned and degreased. In the instructions for use, as a rule, indicates the temperature allowed for the production of works - it is usually about 15 degrees (if not used in the process of curing accelerators composition).
An example of anaerobic adhesive can serve as a universal heat-resistant sealant for heating pipes PERMATEX 59214, well-established in the Russian market.
The sealing member and the sealing structure fixing medium strength, heat-resistant and vibration-resistant, threaded connection permits adjustment within 24 hours after the closure assembly. Maximum Operating Pressure - 700 bar, the ultimate temperature of + 200 ° C..
conclusion
Sealant repair compound and heating pipes - a material without which during assembly of the heating system do not possible, so the value of the selection of the material in the device and repair the coolant circuits it is difficult to overestimate. Which means that when you buy adhesives need to give preference to products known manufacturers whose rating on the Russian market is quite high.
