Methods for laying tiles on the floor: 8 layout schemes 100 photo

Tiled materials for internal works are represented in the construction market in a huge range. Each type demanded raw material has its own characteristics and performance. A variety of textures, sizes, fabrication techniques can be used many ways to tile laying on the floor. Some manufacturers produce standard whole pieces companions that allows you to decorate the surface of an identical pattern. To successfully update the interior and spend quality laying tile, you need to understand the types of material, and to comply with certain rules when carrying out repairs.

Types of floor tiles

All offered material manufacturers can be divided into two types. It is extruded and pressed versions. Separation on the basis of manufacturing is necessary to select a suitable material for laying in certain conditions. Also for floor tiles may be glazed or coated remain in natural form.

Make any room comfortable and unique, you can use the following types of tile products:

• Simple ceramic tile. By coating the colored glass elements receive additional hardness. Available unglazed and with an additional layer of enamel. It has a lot of tones and excellent water resistance.
• The porous. Get a single firing. Due to the high degree of moisture absorption is only used indoors.
• Granite. The product with a homogeneous structure based on kaolin, and quartz. The outer coating has a glass luster and durable structure. High impact strength, resistance to heavy loads allows to use it for application to industrial plants.
• Metlahskoy. Unglazed elements manufactured by molding after one firing. A material with high performance used for street and house masonry. Incredible resistance is due to the staining pattern technology - every brick is impregnated with paint through.
• Cotto. Dense, effective material thickness of up to 3 cm. Topcoat application is not provided, so the tile requires constant care. To reduce the porosity, after installation it is treated with hydrophobic compounds and mastic.
• Clinker. Manufactured from several types of clay, binders and dyes. Durable product safely in contact with chemical irritants, any natural factors. Universal trim has a uniform texture, unlimited service life.
• Monokkotura. Most are used for decorative, certain graphics computations despite a low degree of moisture absorption and dense structure. Elements monokkotury subject to shrinkage, may vary in size in different batches.

Methods for laying tiles on the floor - the technology and features

Laying floor tiles - one of the most popular and efficient solutions for the repair work. With a variety of types, sizes, patterns can be upgraded flooring in any room, on the porch, in the garage. Place the material can be a variety of ways. But it is worth considering that the work of each type of product has its own nuances. Difficulties may arise in customizing elements, their pattern in the preparation of a base adhesive composition. Novice masters is better to do packing on a simple, standard procedure.

The traditional way

The most common type of styling product on the floor provides for their parallel arrangement relative to the base. The elements are tightly packed in rows. Create a perfectly smooth image can be of square, rectangular tiles.

To view the original masonry was used tiles of different colors. At work it is necessary to lay out a long or short parts as straight as possible, because even the slightest flaws are evident. The traditional method is suitable for seamless ceramic, it is used in computation cover in the bathroom, a closet, in the kitchen.

Offset or Extension

stacking method looks like brickwork. It is often used in the design of floors in the rooms. Particularly well will look plain rectangular cells laid out with a small displacement. This is a great way to disguise floor defects, avoid general monotony.

Tile laying Extension to create a historical atmosphere in the house. Experimenting when preparing the measurement circuit, it is possible to achieve special pattern suitable for a particular design of the room. The tiles on the floor are placed only in horizontal rows. Each of the following elements of the middle band should lie on the square butt of the previous row.

To achieve this aesthetic pleasure from the result, the calculation of offset must be carried out with strict maintaining the thickness of seams. In the hallway or on the terrace will look original diagonal brickwork. Tile in this case is distributed on the surface at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the wall.

Before proceeding to the computation tiles, it is necessary to determine the level of the floor. To do this, at the corners of the plate spread lighthouse, make tie. If necessary, tiles dub with a rubber mallet.

Stacking "herringbone"

For operation suitable rectangular elements of different lengths. The method is quite difficult to implement, but the end result will surprise its eccentricity. Tile "herringbone" can be laid in two ways. The first will be superficially resemble parquet, the second will be used further insertion mosaic or cut pieces of a different color elements.

masonry technique "herringbone" is docking the narrow side of the material with a wide side of another tile to form angles of 90 degrees. To choose the right pattern, you can make a solid tiled floor with simulated drawing of the laminate flooring. Such a method is used for the upgrading of rooms irregular pattern as creates an optical illusion and smoothes the difference in size of the room.

Stacking scheme may be a single - each new tile in contact with the adjacent double - a row of two rectangular blocks, triple - like weaving, each set consists of 3 fragments. Location of parts on the floor diagonally creates not only a stunning figure, but also minimizes the waste at work.

modular stacking

A simple way is the best option for training to work with floor tiles. Drawing from several modules of different sizes looks interesting and original. It will look great in the rooms small.

Primarily selected stacking diagram modules size and pattern. When you create a drawing is important to take into account the thickness of the seams, otherwise all the work will be spoiled. To simplify the task, you can immediately buy a set of tiles with card ready for some quadrature.

The basic principle of the method of laying modular - repeatedly iterative non-uniform pattern. The elements must belong to the same series, but have different sizes. The most common items are selected with the same texture, but it is possible to use tiles of different colors. Products from «modulare» marking suitable for modular calculations.

Method "labyrinth"

stacking method relates to the art, creating a complex pattern on the floor of ceramic. Formed an intricate weave gives the impression shrouded square center several oblong bricks. To enhance the effect of tile in the middle should be a different color. With proper selection of colors for the interior color scheme, design of the surface will look more than soundly.

For a correct determination of the material is necessary to lay a tile pattern even in a shop, and in place to calculate the required number of elements. To pick up a combination of flooring shades, it is necessary to take into account when choosing the material rules. In a darkened room with no windows will look better dark center and a bright rim. Pattern formed in this manner in the hall, will be visually lighten the floor portions.

Masonry "deck"

Used for laying tiles elongated rectangular shape with a pattern imitating the texture of the deck boards. With a variety of ceramic products, the most similar to wood materials, you can use any layout hardwood. Specifically, this method involves laying a straight with a slight offset.

When mounting the tiles shift length across the plane must be maintained the same. This tile will look most natural. laying technology differs from the offset distance of the offset. An element of the next row goes in the side than on the previous half, and only a few centimeters, leaving the bulk of the module.

To visually looked wooden floor, it is necessary to choose a rectangular tile with a structured pattern natural material. Lack of glazed surfaces to make the most accurate likeness.

Stacking method "carpet"

Patterned carpet tiles - a rather complicated way of calculations, despite the existence of simple schemes and patterns. To summarize the work did not disappoint, it is necessary to carefully select all the elements, their color, size, quantity. Laying in the art "carpet" involves a large number of clipping.

To create a drawing of the tiles using a minimum of three colors. First, create a thumbnail. If all the dimensions coincide with the area of ​​the premises, transfer it to a transparent paper patterns and mark out the prepared surface. Then, on the floor is going to tile cladding of a variety of simple and shaped parts.

Implement such projects better in large rooms. Suitable to any room. But it is better tiled carpet will look, not cluttered with furniture, rugs, flowers and a variety of outdoor decor.

Method for laying "Kaleidoscope"

A great way to create a medieval atmosphere or hide an ugly bias of the room. The figure "kaleidoscope" participate equally sized elements, but different in color. If the plane is big, it is better to choose shades of a single spectrum, the maximum you can grab nearby. The main thing - to get a soft contrast. Necessary, proportional to the proportion of all the tiles have been the same. For this purpose, the total number of participating units divided by the number of colors.

For small and medium size tiles use a different version of the layout in the technique of "Kaleidoscope". You need to purchase ready-made tiled panels and put it on the floor. Then the elements of the outer rows 3 on all sides are reversed and rotated 180 degrees. edges blur effect will be better visible in a small room.

Features of laying tiles on different surfaces

Before the beginning of floor tiling need to learn the basic rules and the possible combination of tiles with different surfaces. For displaying ceramics even in the most simple technique it is necessary to have the necessary tools, a lot of theoretical knowledge and skills to work with the glue mixture. Also it is necessary to foresee all the possible negative reaction of tiles and surfaces in contact, options for addressing errors.

Terms of placement and training on a concrete base

The surface of the concrete is an excellent base for tile. It has a solid, rough structure with high adhesion. But concrete floors can be different, so before starting work should identify its type. This will depend on the quality of installation. For taking concrete base foam concrete, expanded clay lightweight concrete, polystyrene concrete. Each type of material has its own properties, characteristics. To a large extent on the outcome affects the strength of the foundations.

Laying floor tiles can only be clean and smooth concrete base. If the subfloor has bulges and indentations require laying a cement-sand screed. Working with defective surface significantly increase the consumption of glue. To improve the adhesion of materials, finished base should be primed. Also with the help of special solutions can protect the concrete from moldy.

Before laying tiles on a concrete foundation should be applied waterproofing, especially if the room will be exposed to moisture. This can be a roll adhesive tape or mastic asphalt. Sam tiling process is by means of special plastic crosses for joints. Ready adhesive is applied to the concrete and the very facing toothed spatula were combined materials and lightly pressed down.

Rules laying and preparation of the wooden base

The only explanation for tile laying on natural wood - easy care. Due to a significant upswing in the terms of service of connecting materials, such floor can go cracks after 5-years old. If the option of laying is unavoidable, it is necessary to carefully approach the selection of a facing material. This should be the elements with a minimum of chemical additives.

Preparation of the base of the board is in its alignment. Leaky wooden elements must be replaced. It is important to treat the surface so that the subfloor has not been agile and responsive to changes in temperature. Over a moving wooden base must be installed special flooring by dry lining. Also obligatory installation of waterproofing and holding reinforcement.

Stack tiles can only be on a flat and solid base. If the back of the tiles have grooves or other grooved patterns, such as in the lining "hog", adhesive strip on the trowel must be perpendicular. Proceed to grouting possible after the third day after laying.

Selection adhesive mixture

Formulations for gluing the floor tiles can be purchased in dry or already finished form. Powder mixture suggest the subsequent dilution with water directly before laying the material. They are sold in bags, packages. Prepare the adhesive should be at home on the instructions strictly following proportions. The advantage of options for using the dry weight - the possibility of divorce for mounting only the necessary amount of material, reasonable price.

Ready-mix produced in plastic buckets or pails. They are ready to spray, begin to harden when exposed to air. Due to the high cost of acquiring them only if you want to lay tiles small area of ​​land, for repair work already finished coating. Under certain skills any adhesive mixture may be replaced with a cement-sand mortar.

How to calculate the required number of

Any construction or reconstruction works begin with the selection of design, material selection and calculation quantity. Large assortment of tiles, its color, texture difficult to solve such a problem, especially if the floor has a non-standard geometries. In the calculations it is important to know the future size of the drawing elements.

Determine the number of tiles for a single room in the following ways:

• On the area of ​​the room. Suitable for monophonic, one-dimensional elements. First, define the area of ​​the room, was added to the 10% value to create a stock material. The final figure is divided by the area of ​​one tile. This way of counting is available online on many websites ceramics manufacturers and in special programs.
• When laid diagonally. This technique increases the laying tile consumption, because a square room add 15%.
• By the number of rows. Determine the width, length and space parameters of one tile details. Then the length of the room is divided by the length of the tiles, arrive with a width respectively. The resulting figure is rounded, add the stock.
• Piece count method. Used in laying the floor covering costly, complex panel elements because the method gives the minimum error in the calculations. Define the parameters of the room, a tiled instance. and the number of rows of tiles in each then calculated.

How to cut tile

When laying tiles on the floor is often necessary to trim it. To obtain the elements of irregular shape, to make shaped cutouts that reduce material, resorting to its division into parts of different ways. Working with power tools is necessary to wear a protective apron and gloves. At home, the floor tiles can be cut in the following tools:

• Manual tile cutter. It makes straight cuts;
• Electric. Quickly and accurately creates holes with straight lines;
• Jigsaw. Cuts thick tile to the complex trajectory;
• Bulgarian. Creates straight cuts and rectangular holes;
• Manual glass cutter. Cope with thin, porous elements;
• Drill. Special drill bits and nozzles simplify work on a flat cutting and the production of shaped articles.

Selection for grouting mix

Facing acquire finished aesthetic appearance, if its seams are qualitatively overwritten. The final step floor finishes help hide defects formed, the gap protects against dust and moisture. When carrying out grouting is necessary to strictly follow the technology. The choice of material will depend on the value of gaps.

If the seams between the elements wide, 5 mm, for better grouting select mastic resin. A small space at the joints need to seal the moisture resistant compositions based on cement. Place in contact with the wall, it is necessary to treat the silicone sealant.

Grouting performs not only practical, but also a decorative feature. Material of desired hue can be bought as a finished product or to produce his own. Pure white grout is used when it is necessary to hide the irregularities when laying and other defects. In an ideal installation will look beautiful decoration seams in contrasting colors.

Technology and stages of self-laying tiles on the floor

Work on laying the tile to the floor goes long, the process is divided into several stages. For best results, you need to act carefully, with strict observance of rules and technologies. Installation of tile materials can be carried out in a room only at the permissive temperature. The optimum level of + 20 degrees.

Materials and tools

Installation of tiles not be easy even for a beginner, if you work with high-quality materials. First calculate the number of items purchased and trim. Kitchen or living room, you can take the tile with a minimum of resistance to water, bathrooms, swimming pool, outdoor terrace necessary variant with improved characteristics. Also for laying will need the following tools:

1. Level;
2. Notched trowel, trowel;
3. wire cutters;
4. Suitable Tile;
5. Special crosses for tiles;
6. generally;
7. Bulgarian;
8. Rubber spatula;
9. Hammer for tiles;
10. Roulette;
11. Nylon sponge.

Substrate Preparation and layout

Laying tiles is carried out exclusively on the equal basis. First remove the old floor, clean debris and dust. Then check the serviceability of communication. If you have an old concrete plinth, should get rid of them.

Before starting work, make sure that the surface meets all the requirements. If irregularities are found, they can be leveled screed. In the next processing step is carried out primer. You can choose any penetrating composition, suitable for the type of foundations.

Experts recommend start laying the tiles from the center and not on the walls, because the way to minimize the chance of errors. To perform marking the floor is better to use a laser level. Use it to draw a sufficiently accurate lines without moving the unit.

The first axis line is performed, then determine the center points of two walls - with an entrance door and an opposite. Connect them flat line. Then through the center carried out a perpendicular line. Now you can make reference is transferred to the remaining sectors of the floor. Before mounting the elements on the adhesive test-laying.

Preparation of adhesive composition

Correctly chosen and diluted composition - a guarantee of high-quality styling, eliminating the offset. First of all a good grip depends on the correct batch. Stir not enough, thick mixture is difficult to distribute on the surface will take longer to finish, the adhesive will dry unevenly.

To mix the dry impurity at home need two bucket - one blank, the second with water, dry tile adhesives, construction mixer. The empty container is poured into a 2-liter water, poured instructions corresponding amount of dry adhesive is lowered into a mass mixer and mixed at lowest speed. To achieve the desired consistency can be achieved by adding a liquid or powder mixture. That the solution became homogeneous and malleable, it is necessary to stand for 10-15 minutes.

The process of laying and work with crosses

When the surface is prepared, the solution of the present adhesive, it is possible to start computation of tiles on the floor. Glue is applied to the substrate and the well is spread with a notched trowel. Size graters for manufacturing the grooves is selected in accordance with the parameters of the tile. If the installation is on the markup, better to impose immediately a lot of glue, do not block the line drawn by. Likewise extends applying the paste composition on the tile elements. But smoothing notched trowel should be perpendicular to the drawing based on. This will allow at joining does not leave air pockets.

To tile kept better by applying to the substrate, it is pressed at the same time move in different directions. If necessary, the ceramic parts can kill a rubber mallet. It is necessary to conduct continuous monitoring coverage levels, especially when adding new elements.

When tiling in each tiled floor placed plastic crosses. They are clamped between the dies to comply with identical distances between them. They will stay there until the adhesive dries.

Grouting - application technique mixture

To make a new tile surface finished appearance and protect the concrete base of the influence of external factors, grouting is carried out. For this purpose, special mixtures intended for finishing tiled surfaces.

The voids between the elements can be filled with white, gray or colored material. The powdered mixture was diluted with water, the bright pigment is added, if necessary. The mixture is then well kneaded and applied to a small rubber spatula, trying to completely fill the gap. Excess weight should be removed immediately, before it dried up. If grouting is carried out over a large area, for the distribution of dough is better to use a special trowel.

The final cleaning of the tiles before use

After all installation works and grout floor tiles can be prepared for operation. The mixture for finishing the joints must be removed no later than 30 minutes after application, otherwise it will harden, and to remove the need to use a spatula or chemical aggressive agents.

After solidification of the grout can be applied finish washing. If the mixture is liquid, it is necessary to wait until it is completely dry. Remove dust and fine spray solution may be a simple damp sponge or a dry cloth. Thoroughly wash mop newly laid floor is not recommended. You can shift the elements extend the adhesive dries.

Useful tips from experts

In choosing the material necessary to carefully study the characteristics of each type of tile. They must meet the needs of the owner. It is necessary to take into account the degree of strength, thickness, need glazed coating.

Texture of the floor tiles should be moderate. Slight ribbing eliminate slip. If patterns and grooves will be heavily favored, it can hinder the process of cleaning. Gloss will emphasize even the slightest contamination.

The adhesive composition for installation of tile is best to plant in small portions. In the event of unforeseen circumstances and slowing the process of laying it can not dry out. For kneading using only cold water. Hot liquid worsen the quality of the adhesive solution.

Lay the material can only be a smooth clean floor, door frames and baseboards must be removed. Easier to work on the guide lines. The resulting gap between the extreme close tiles and walls can hide or skirting will have to glue ceramic strip.

conclusion

Manufacturers ceramic tile is recommended to begin work on laying to develop a detailed plan. First we need to choose the most suitable design and size of products to it. It is necessary to take into account the geometric characteristics of the room, the level of illumination, the degree of mechanical stress. Thanks to the huge range, variety of types, sizes, installation can be performed using any favorite scheme.