Garden shed with his own hands 75 photo step master class

The presence of various outbuildings on the site provides easy storage of firewood, vegetable garden and garden equipment, various tools. They are also suitable for the breeding of cattle, poultry. Build quality and reliable barn with their hands is quite possible, if gradually decide what materials will be erected hozblok what requirements it must meet. Using detailed descriptions of different types of raw materials, their features and benefits, you can easily determine the optimum construction materials for the job. Also, you will be useful and step by step instructions telling how to build a shed made of wood, concrete blocks or metal. Special attention is paid to recommend the interior and to equip the economic unit in accordance with its intended purpose.

Pros and Cons of a barn

Spacious barn in the area provides the right conditions for inventory storage, eliminates corrosion on instruments. It also gives the possibility of organizing a vegetable pit (in the basement outbuildings) for ease of product inventory until the spring. Another barn can be used to accommodate livestock or birds be an excellent workshop. Therefore, the need for construction of the object depends on the needs of the owners of country houses or apartment building. But in this case the presence of the shed may also reduce the useful portion area: vegetable garden or yard. Moreover, even the smallest hozblok must conform to accepted standards of construction. When its construction should be aware of a particular organization in the floor structure for cattle and abide by the rules of organization of water runoff from the roof.

The choice of location for the construction of

Determination of the economic unit's location should take into account the health and building codes. Therefore, excluding the land plan and an accurate drawing simply can not do. Before the construction of the shed must take into account the following requirements:

1. The distance from the apartment house to the house or facility for cattle must be more than 12 m. At the same time, if households. construction has adjacent (adjacent) to the house wall, the distance between their front doors shall be at least 7 m.
2. The distance from the fence before a barn with inventory must be more than 1 m from the fence to the house, pigsty - at least 4 meters.
3. Fresh water from the roof must be carried out on the holder portion, not on the neighbor lot or to the passage (path) between adjacent portions.

Necessarily from the house to the barn to do the track, which will provide easy handling. It is worth and well-lit barn, regardless of the features of its operation.

The choice of materials for the construction

Selection of materials for the construction of the shed should be based on their practicality, durability, heat conductivity and cost. The most popular solutions include:

• brick and cinder block;

Guarantee reliability and durability of construction, but require large cash expenditures, the construction of solid foundation.

• wood;

Wooden frames are simple in construction, with proper treatment can last for many years. In this case, sheathe the wooden frame can not only trees, but also metal.

• foam block;

Unlike the brick is easy to transport and use (significantly reduces costs). It allows you to build a warm hozblok but needs competent protection from moisture.

• metal.

Ensure rapid assembly shed, easy to clean, durable. True, the need for additional insulation.

Building a shed with a wood frame with his hands

Since the most common form of sheds are constructions with wooden frame, it can be considered one of the best. availability of materials makes it easy with their own hands to build a sturdy structure. Furthermore, under the wooden shed (even with a metal shell) need not fill a solid foundation. This feature saves time and money for the construction of the object. To ensure long service life of the structure, it is necessary initially to conduct training tree: antiseptic to treat it. Additionally, it is recommended to perform the processing of fire impregnation. Such compositions eliminate the danger of combustion wooden frame in force majeure. Also worth to take care of proper ventilation. This will ensure good preservation of wood. Below we will consider all stages of the construction of the shed to store tools and garden equipment.

Materials and tools

Binding materials to create a reliable foundation for any construction are gravel, sand and cement. Additionally, for the foundation used asbestos pipes and fittings or brick. For the construction of studs and construction of timber frame is required with a cross section of at least 10x10 cm (for solid construction timber is recommended to choose a section of 15x15 or 20x20 cm). As suitable floor covering or floor decking board thickness of the order of 2-3 cm. Covering of the carcass can be carried out profiled sheet or wood materials: boards, slabs. Also lining can be carried out with clapboard. To work need a chainsaw or circular saw (for fitting materials), screwdriver and screws for wood. For antiseptic treatment of wood is needed and fire impregnation.

The basis of the shed - if the foundation needed

A small barn frame type of wood is lightweight, so it is actually possible to build without a solid foundation. But at the same distance from the ground to the object itself should be about 20-40 cm. Such a requirement is based on the need to prevent the wood contact with the ground and to increase the period of preservation of wood. The most suitable type of foundation for the frame of the shed will be columnar. Its elements should be placed at every corner buildings. Auxiliary poles arranged at a distance of 0.5 m from each other at the future construction walls. Build a pier foundation can be one of the following technologies:

• Of bricks.

Dug pit depth of about 90 cm. At the bottom is laid pillow of crushed stone and sand. On top of the bricks with concrete mortar, columns are built. If the central part of the hollow pillars left (with special laying bricks), then it is filled with concrete.

• Of asbestos pipes.

Under each pipe is excavated pit to the depth of 1 m. Laid pad of gravel and sand. Inside the pipe is installed fittings, the solution was poured concrete. The outer part of the pipe rising above the ground, covered with bitumen or mastic.

We put logs and mount the floorboards

The construction of a reliable and durable wood frame begins with the impregnation of wood materials with antiseptic and fire impregnation. Once you are ready to direct the assembly of a wood floor:

• foundation pillars hide the roofing material. Timber is laid around the perimeter of the future of the barn. In the corners of the elements can be connected staples, bolts, into the groove (additionally fixed by nails).
• Inside the sill logs set - lateral boards, disposable upturned rim. To harness straps are fastened and additionally fixed with nails. The pitch between the beams will be 20-30 cm.
• On top of the lag nailed plywood or OSB board (woodshed for this step can be skipped). The task of supporting material - to achieve maximum reliability sex.
• Above the "rough" floor is nailed floor board thickness of about 2 cm.

frame assembly

frame manufacturer for each wall is carried out separately, taking into account the location of windows and doors. Vertical supports at a distance of 60 cm perpendicular to the nailed single board (bottom plate). At the top of the vertical supports cut away at an angle for mounting the upper trim under the shed roof. Windows device between adjacent vertical supports are nailed a pair of horizontal boards. Between them and the window frame will be positioned. After assembly of each wall blank exhibited strictly on the edge previously assembled floor and nailed thereto with nails. Additionally, bonding is performed via walls of adjacent staples. Vertical supports and the "constraints" window, you can use the board with dimensions 10x5 cm. But for decorating the doorway, studs is better to use the board 15H5 see.

Laying the rafters for the roof

Through the preparation of the upper trim during assembly work on the walls of the installation pent roof is simple and fast. Prepared Materials necessarily be treated with antiseptic and then use only. It carried out the installation of roof system for pent roof as follows:

1. Across the top trim edge held up assembly boards - kontrobreshetki. They can be fixed in different ways: a pair of nailed nails or securely fasten with special brackets.
2. Mounted crate of similar boards, but they will not be positioned end, and a sidewall upwardly. The step between the batten elements may be from 30 to 40 cm, depending on the type of roofing materials. Fixed crate with nails or screws in wood.
3. On the need to perform the installation of steam and water proofing.

Roofing - materials selection

For the pent roof of the shed do not need a lot of material. That is why the owners can not be restricted to fiscal roof. Suitable options for finishing the roof hozbloka include:

• slate;

To quickly and easily carry out roofing works, among the most expensive roofing materials. However, it is short-lived and, in addition, be able to complement the beautiful exterior of the structure.

• metal;

A good and fairly inexpensive option that allows you to get a beautiful and practical structure. Long service life - one of the main advantages of this material.

• shingles.

Road building material with a stand out design, perfect for a barn roof. It will help not only to protect it from rain and snow for many years, but also eliminate the occurrence of loud noise in the rain (it is very important for poultry houses and piggeries). However, under the shingles necessarily require the installation of plywood or OSB.

structural sheathing

Initially, you need to determine the conditions under which will be operated by the barn. In regions with high humidity, harsh winters necessary to conduct business blocks lining wear-resistant metal siding or clapboard plates. In warm regions provide a rustic design registration (which will remain many years later), suitable slab (the sidewall of the timber) or the old wooden sleepers. Cheap and practical to sheathe shed and can be conventional boards, which later owners will be able to paint to your liking. As usual the board can simply cover the stain and varnish. In any case, on top of the frame will first need to fill the plywood or OSB boards.

Before plating barn wood products, they necessarily need to be processed antiseptic. Reprocessing must be carried out after 2-5 years.

Capital structure of the foam blocks

Working with the construction of the shed of the foam block does not require special skills of artist, so an object can build each owner. The advantage of ready hozbloka will be quite low thermal conductivity: it will not be much freeze due to the special structure of the foam block. The presence zavozdushennostey inside this building material ensures the maintenance of high temperatures inside the building. Sheds from foam blocks are ideal for poultry and small livestock. But in order to guarantee the safety of the structure, you need to necessarily take care of reliable protection of foam blocks from moisture. Direct contact with rain water and snow will lead to very rapid destruction of the building material. owners should also think carefully drain. Availability of mini-canopy around the walls, as well as the diversion of water to 0.5 or more meters of construction will ensure its long service life.

Choosing the type of foundation and pouring

Despite the relative ease of foam concrete blocks, under the structure of this building material should be sturdy base. The best option would tape base. Properly elevate him to help our step by step guide:

1. The marking portion (structure location), the workpiece trench depth of 50 to 100 cm (preferably about 70).
2. Backfilling the trench at the bottom layer of sand, gravel and crushed stone. The total thickness of the cushion should be about 15 cm.
3. Installing wooden formwork inside the trench.
4. Tying rebar and its installation into the formwork. Distance from the pillow, as well as to the reinforcement of the formwork must be at least one cm.
5. Pouring concrete mortar. Periodic watering of poured concrete (1-2 times a day) with a little water in order to avoid it drying out and cracking.

Styling foam blocks - are building the wall

Made between the foundation and walls of the buildings themselves necessarily need to pave the waterproofing. Good solution would be laying roofing felt roll 2 layer. You can then proceed to the immediate erection of walls. Laying the foam block is similar to a conventional brick masonry. But it is recommended to use a special cement-sand mortar (cement to sand ratio - 1 to 4) to produce the most reliable construction. As additives added to the slaked lime, plasticizing additive (should not be more than 5% of the volume of cement). To reconstitute the powder will also need water. In the process of forcing the walls need to be concerned about the presence of window and door openings.

roof installation

After the construction of the walls and pour the solution can proceed to the construction of the roof. On top of the walls to create competent waterproofing layer of roofing material is laid. Next layout is carried mauerlat - timber, which is the basis for future roof. For mauerlat commonly used beam cross section 15x15 cm. The pitch between adjacent elements is about 30 cm. Fixing mauerlat held by bolts. Next, the assembly is held rafters. Each pair of rafters is the angle corner each assembled fixed on cross bar. Step between the rafter should be 30 cm. The finished design is set to mauerlat. At the top of the rafters to additionally fastened ridge board to create a robust and reliable construction. Next performed rafters and purlins assembling plywood (as a leveling base for the roof) or the roof of the selected material.

Thermal insulation of buildings and finishing

Thermal insulation of buildings made of foam blocks for extra protection from the cold structure. Prolonged exposure to low temperatures may result in material destruction. To make high-quality thermal insulation of the barn from the foam block, it is necessary to take into account the following requirements:

1. Warming should be carried out inside and outside (preferably and ceiling).
2. Insulation additionally must be protected from moisture.
3. Insulation should be safe and reliable, to ensure normal ventilation and to be permeable to water vapor.

The best option is foam or polystyrene, which is easily attached to the concrete blocks. Also suitable for work and penofol (expanded polystyrene foil) or mineral wool. The latter, however, it is better to use for the exterior. Finishing can be carried out within different materials: wood plates, lining, board. Exterior finish is best done using a lining or siding.

Features built from profiled sheet barn

Erection of a shed made of profiled sheet is carried out fairly quickly and it allows you to get a reliable hozblok. on the construction work is carried out as follows:

1. Determination of the optimal size of a barn, preparing land for him. Excavation pit 5 cm more on each side, than the size of the shed.
2. Digging in the corners of the excavation pit with a depth of 70 cm. Filling with sand, gravel, installation of metal studs or square tubes.
3. Pouring concrete corner portions (sand and cement ratio of 3 to 1).
4. Pouring the foundation (the remainder is not flooded area, which is both the foundation and the floor).
5. Installation skeleton under a pent roof: the corresponding cutting angle of the pair of racks, welding them with auxiliary profiles.
6. Fastening sheeting to the frame as the walls and ceiling + separate manufacturing wall with a doorway and the gate assembly of profiled sheet and profile frame.

Ready-hozblok sheds for garden

In addition to being built sheds, and there are mobile models, made of metal and plastic - cabins. Their advantage is the ability to use immediately after installation. But they fit only for the organization of a warehouse for wood, storage equipment and tools. Each of these objects has its own characteristics:

• Metal sheds.

They include a frame made of channel bar and paneling made of corrugated board. May additionally be warmed foam. The advantage of these sheds is the reliability and durability. At the request of these objects, you can build a two-storey hozblok. Disadvantages such sheds is the high cost, complexity of the transport.

• Plastic sheds.

Are prefabricated structures resembling plastic houses for children's playgrounds. They have an average price, but have low weight, which eliminates the need to manufacture foundation under them. However, such models can not be called environmentally friendly. In addition, in the harsh regions (with freezing winters or very hot summers) Plastic sheds can not last for long.

What to consider when building sheds for birds and animals

The main requirement for the construction of a shed for cattle is the proper organization competent ventilation (if required and heating), compliance with the size of the structure. For example, for a chicken coop considered normal in size Q1. meter for ducks and geese - 2 square meters. m per bird. In addition to such a shed can be attached enclosure. In the barn, where they will be kept cows, pigs, goats or horses, other regulations apply. Per cow should be allocated with the size of the pen 6 sq. m, one pig - 5 sq. m. For the construction of using wood as the animals will chew on pens crossbar. An obligatory condition is the presence of windows that provide ample natural lighting and ventilation of the room. floor device is made of concrete and boards with the organization of special gutters. It is with their help will be cleaning the individual pens.

conclusion

Build modern barns on his summer cottage, or close to a residential cottage can be made of different materials. To work suitable wood, brick, metal, concrete blocks. Depending on the type of materials is determined by the optimal type of foundation. It will provide a reliable construction and eliminates problems with freezing of the floor or its gradual destruction due to contact with the ground. For a special arrangement of interior space, you can create the right conditions for poultry and livestock. Before proceeding to the immediate construction of the facility, it is recommended to make the project area, select the optimal location of the economic block location. Careful preparation and selection of materials will ensure the reliability and durability of the finished shed.