Memory clock speed of the processor - what it is and how to measure the performance of your PC

Place on the motherboard for the CPU socket called

What is the computer's CPU?

CPU - central processing unit, or central processing unit. Is an integrated circuit that executes machine instructions. Externally modern CPU looks like a small block size of about 4-5 cm with contacts-feet on the bottom. Though it is called the block processorItself is inside the integrated circuit of the housing and represents the silicon crystal, which are applied via lithography electronic components.

Since the CPU looks without a lid and with been cleared off the surface

The upper part of CPU casing serves to dissipate heat that is generated as a result of a billion transistors. At the bottom of the pins that are needed to connect the chip to the motherboard via a socket - specific connector. CPU - the most productive part of the computer.

The clock frequency as an important parameter of the processor, and that it affects

CPU performance can be estimated on its clock frequency. This is the number of operations or cycles, that can produce a second CPU. In fact, the time during which the CPU processes information. The rub is that different architectures and the CPU unit can perform operations for a different number of cycles. That is, one CPU for a particular task may need one clock cycle, and the other - 4. Thus, the first may be more effective with a value of 200 MHz, the second against an indicator with a 600 MHz.

The CPU itself is quite small in size

That is, the clock frequency, in fact, does not provide a full definition of processor performance that is typically positioned so many names. But we are used to assess it because of more or less well-established rules. For example, for modern models actual run in figures from 2.5 to 3.7 GHz, and often higher. Naturally, the higher the value, the better. However, this does not mean that the market is not the processor at a slower rate, but work much more efficiently.

The principle of operation of the generator clock

All PC components operate at different speeds. For example, the system bus may be 100 MHz, the CPU - 2.8 GHz and RAM - 800 MHz. Baseline for the system sets the clock pulse generator.

Clock generator might look like

Most often used in modern computers generate programmable chip that defines the value for each component separately. The operating principle of a simple clock generator is generating electric pulses with a certain time interval. The most obvious example of the use of the generator - electronic clock. With the help of counting clocks generated second of them - already a minute and then watch. The fact that such a gigahertz, megahertz, etc., we will talk about later.

As the speed of your computer and laptop depends on clock

CPU frequency is responsible for the number of measures that can execute in one second computer, which in turn reflects the performance. But do not forget that different architectures use different number of measures for the solution of a problem. That is to say, "performance to be measured" true in the framework of at least one class of processors.

What affects the clock frequency single-core processor in the computer and laptop

Mononuclear wherein the CPU has rarely found in nature. But for example they can be used. One processor core comprises in its structure at least included in it an arithmetic logic unit, a set of registers, a couple of levels of cache and coprocessor.

Lithography layout for placing the CPU

The frequency with which these components perform their tasks, directly affects the overall CPU performance. But, again, at relatively similar architecture and mechanism of the command execution.

What affects the number of cores in a notebook

Indicators of CPU cores not formed. That is, if the 4 cores running at 2 GHz, it does not mean that their total value is equal to 8 GHz. Because tasks are executed in parallel multicore architectures. That is, a specific set of commands is distributed cores in parts, and after each formed by a common response.

Each core is a separate CPU

Thus, a certain task can be performed faster. The problem is that not all software can work with multiple streams simultaneously. That is, until now most of the applications, in fact, uses only one core. There are, of course, the mechanisms at the operating system level, which can parallelize tasks on different core, for example, one application loads one core, the other - the second, etc. But it also requires resources system. But, in general, optimized applications and games show a much better performance in multi-core systems.

What is measured in CPU clock speed

Hertz measurement unit typically indicates the number of periodic execution processes per second. This was the ideal solution for the units in which the CPU clock speed will be measured. Now the work of all the chips began to be measured in Hertz. Well, now - GHz. Giga - it's such a prefix, indicating that it contains 1000000000 Hertz. In the history of PC consoles changed frequently - kHz, MHz then, and is now the most urgent GHz. The CPU specifications can be met and English acronyms - MHz or GHz. Designate such consoles is the same as that in the Cyrillic alphabet.

How do you know the frequency of the processor of the computer

For Windows operating system, there are some simple ways, both full-time and with the help of third-party programs. The easiest and most obvious - right click on the icon "My Computer" and go to its properties. Beside the name of the CPU and its characteristics will be specified and its frequency.

computer properties

You can use a small, but well-known CPU-Z program from third-party solutions. It only need to download, install and run. In the main window, it will show the current clock frequency. In addition to these data, it maps and other useful information.

CPU-Z program

What are some ways you can increase productivity

In order to improve productivityThere are two basic ways: to increase the multiplier and the system bus. Modifier - is a coefficient showing a ratio of the basic frequency of the CPU to the basic indicator of the system bus.

With nitrogen cooling overclock overclock their PCs to the fantastic performance

It is installed by the manufacturer, and in the final device can be locked to either change or unlocked. If there is an opportunity to change the multiplier, it means that you can increase and CPU frequency, without changing the operation of other components. But in practice, this approach does not allow effective growth as the others just do not have time for the CPU. Change in the bus system will result in an increase in the values ​​of all components: CPU, RAM, Northbridge and Southbridge. This is the most simple and effective way your computer acceleration.

To experiment with overclocking, you must first take care of cooling

PC disperse can be generally and by increasing the voltage, which increase the speed of the CPU transistors, and with it, and its frequency. But this method is quite difficult and dangerous for beginners. Used mostly experienced in acceleration and electronics people.