Bike with disc brakes: device types, pros

EBS system has been installed for the first time on the bike only in the middle of the last century. This brake is first present only new and expensive samples and was considered a rarity. But recently, this design is increasingly set on bikes mid-market.

Apparatus disc brakes

The components of the mechanism:

• A pen - a mechanism for controlling the brake, located on the steering wheel. It is necessary to drive the actuator.
• Rotor - Brake disc. Available sizes: 140mm, 160mm, 180mm, 200mm, 220mm. Its performance is directly related to the diameter. What it is, the stop occurs faster.
  So, for walks in the woods and gentle slopes suitable for rotors with a diameter of 160mm and 180mm. For slopes with steep hills required rotors 200mm and 220mm.
• The rotor - piston mechanism. In its present design cast housing with fixedly installed on one side block. On the other side of the body placed movable piston mechanism and pad.
• Adapter - a special bracket, which is necessary to secure the caliper to the frame.
• calipers - cam brake with an external lever and fixed rope on it.
• pads - a set of plates, latching rotor. Stopping performed an abrasive surface. Applied in two forms: metallic (surface which consists of an alloy based on carbon and metal filings) and organic (consisting of rubber and pulp and organic components). Durability above organic metallic plates.
• Brake line - transmits the mechanical influence from the handle to the entire brake mechanism.

Principle of operation. Left on the wheel hub, spoke about, it is a rotating disc, and the frame is attached to the caliper. On both sides of the disc brake pads are pressed tightly. The strength and the rate of deceleration depends on the degree of pressing.

For long life drive is made often made of steel, and pads are made of composite materials with high wear resistance.

Types of disc brakes

The disk drive device according to the type of case:

• hydraulic;
• mechanical;
• hybrid.

hydraulic design It equipped with a control piston cylinder, placed in the steering handle. Stop occurs due to the influence of the cylinder block. They joined a special sleeve. This system is impenetrable and inside is filled with oil.

Benefits:

• mild stroke;
• Long-term use;
• the number of friction surfaces is minimized;
• power transmission to the brakes shall be an incompressible fluid;
• qualitative modulation;
• easily metered and regulated voltage at the brake;
• higher braking power;
• there is no play.

mechanical design. Apparatus approximated to conventional brakes lever pulls the cable, as a result of such exposure to the disk tightly pressed pads. The role of this pressing mechanism operate wedge multistart screw or cam.

But over time the cable is extended and the spring, which impairs the braking effect. Twisting the adjustment screw and adjustable pads, this problem is easily solved.

The advantages of mechanics:

• ease of maintenance, ease of maintenance;
• reliability;
• minimized influence of high temperatures;
• low cost.

hybrid design. In the apparatus there is a cable actuating lever by means of hydraulics. It is located inside the brake. 2 has a cylinder and a small amount of oil.

When choosing between the types of storage mechanism, it is important to consider the following points:

• mechanical drive is much cheaper and easier to hydraulics. This braking system is present in the low-end models;
• Troubleshooting hydraulics and replacement parts are only possible in a specialist workshop;
• hydraulics recommended for use in environments where speed is important, the power and braking precision;
• If free time engaged in active sports, hiking and even extreme, then the choice is to stop the hybrid design.

Pros bike with disc brakes

Discs - an effective way to eliminate wear on wheel rims.

Note the following design strengths:

• High-quality modulation. Possible to precisely control the braking force - pressing the brake lever is easy to adjust the speed. The modification is permanent and does not require frequent adjustment;
• minimal contamination. The system is not connected with the weather and road conditions. The rotor adjudged smaller volume of dust, mud, water, than to the wheel rim. Pollution easily go through the available slots;
• no effect on the performance of eight wheel brakes. If the system stop rim directly related to the quality evenness wheel walls, then the disk stop mechanism quality remains the same even when the curvature of the rim;
• there is no blurring of the rim in the wheel due to the presence of the rotor. Over time, the replacement of only the required disk;
• working life. Metallized pads are changed simultaneously with the rotors. Under the influence of sand, dust, water, pulp and rubber pads rim brakes wear out faster, which leads to frequent adjustment or replacement;
• heating the rim does not occur during downhill due to transfer of thermal energy to the rotor rather than on the chassis. There is a high coefficient of friction between the abrasive and the disc.

Disadvantages bike with disc brakes

• increased load on the hub and spokes. When working on the spokes and hub increases the bending action. To avoid their breakage occurred manufacturers thicken the spokes and decrease their length and mounted on a wheel of greater diameter sleeve with flanges;
• Set the disc mechanism weighs moreThan the rim system. Weight added cost increases in the diameter of the sleeve;
• design, located at the rear of the bicycle, prevents the boot fastening on the vehicle. For many people, the bicycle - the everyday vehicle and the trunk - a necessity.
  

  On some models, the frame no additional mounting holes, and the caliper prevents smooth trunk mount supports.

  
  Way out - boot console model, but it is more expensive;
• the high cost of the bicycle and its individual components;
• maintainability in field conditions is limited and can not do without a special puller. Many problems can be corrected only in the service centers.

To repair some bike parts, such as the hydraulics requires expensive special tools. Not every owner is able to buy it and carry out the repairs yourself.

Problems

Friction pads of disk.

Fault source:

• pollution pad. Eliminates this problem is simple: it is necessary to clear them from adhering dirt and rinse with a strong water jet;
• broken position the caliper. Remedy: adjust them in the studio.

Disc pads hurt. The fault lies in violation pad locations relative to the disk and properly established (spoiled deformation) disk. The adjustment is made in the first case or the drive is reset - in the second.

Are not governed by the caliper and after a while begin to touch the disc again. malfunction source lies in the weakening of the spring return stroke. (Such a replacement spring included) should change it.

Pads rub against the disc at low temperaturesAnd in the warmth of this fault is missing. The point of brake fluid. At low temperatures it thickens. The solution - a replacement fluid.

The poor performance of the brakes It can be caused by:

• worn out disc or pad. Required to replace them with new ones;
• put new pads. They need time to ointments. The fault will disappear after 40-60km;
• contaminated pads or disc. After their warm running multiple soft braking on a gentle slope.

Poor performance brake handle "fails" when pressed. If hydraulic system, the cause of the problem - the penetration of air into the brake. To resolve this problem, it is necessary to pump. If the brake is mechanical, then the problem is wrong to make adjustments cable length.

In the long braking there is a "falling through" handle in good working hydraulics. The fault lies in overheating caliper or brake fluid boiling. It is necessary to change the fluid.

When stopping clearly audible squeak and rattle.

Two possible source of malfunction:

• Wet disc. It is necessary to dry it after a few gentle braking on descent. Dry the item can be pedaling;
• worn out pads. We need to replace these components.