Thermoses: device types, how to choose, manufacturers

Thermos - an appliance that is used for storing the liquid at a constant temperature. Maintain temperature can be lower or higher than the surrounding medium. Another variant of operation - preparation of drinks and food (cereal, infusions).

The device thermos

The design consists of the following components:

• -cup lid;
• a cup;
• tube (with or without key), fitted inside with thermal insulation;
• silicone-based ring, serving as a sealing material;
• outer wall, made of stainless steel;
• an inner wall made of stainless steel;

• outer surface treated with a special copper coating which reflects heat;
• an inner surface which contacts the food / liquid differs polished coating formed electrolytically;
• between the outer and inner walls is vacuum insulating layer;
• at the bottom of the vessel contains an absorbent member which removes air from the vacuum residues;
• bedplate.

To preserve the food product in the form of heat, the device transmits a minimal amount of heat from the product to the surrounding space.

To maintain the low temperature necessary minimum heat transfer from the environment to the product. These are the main tasks of the thermos.

Since the device keeps the heat in the inner container is executed isolation from the external environment, which changes the temperature.

The simplest embodiment of the insulating material - the air, but it is not sufficiently effective. For this reason, most devices use a vacuum - empty space, devoid of any substance.

Thus, the heat transfer from the inner core to the surrounding space does not occur.

The algorithm of the thermos has a lot to do with the Dewar. The apparatus is a vessel bounded by a bilayer wall. Between the layers contains air or vacuum.

The vessel is made of stainless steel or glass. The inner surface coated with a material with reflective properties, which helps keep heat inside the flask.

Why liquid or food with time still cools or heats? This is due to insufficient insulation.

Types and characteristics of flasks

Color of the case does not affect the quality of the product and serves as a secondary criterion in the selection. A common variant - steel hue. The housing is manufactured in any color, depending on the model.

Classification by type

classic instrument

• It is intended only for fluids - tea, coffee and others.
• The design has a narrow neck, which results in minimal heat loss. This feature distinguishes the classic models from those that are intended for food.
• The main difference from mugs and pitchers - operation in field conditions, and transporting long time.
• The average volume of the classical model of approximately 500 ml. Other embodiments of products according to the form of spaciousness.

thermos jug

• For products characterized by a specific design: transport handle, spout, designed for pouring drinks.
• Characterized bulking - 1 liter.
• Designed for continuous operation, it is not designed for continuous transportation, use in campaigns, etc.
• Pitcher - suitable for home, a large number of family members who drink tea / coffee at different times.
• The product is not strong enough to be used outside the home. It is characterized by awkwardness, increased size.

Thermomug

• It is a device with a smaller capacity, operating on the principle of the classic thermos. It equipped with double walls, characterized by heat-insulating properties.
• At the top of such a model, a special cover to seal the container. During operation there is no need for transfusion of drink to another container - can be drunk straight from the mug.
• In some models, a hole for drinking is embedded in the cover. Thus, it is possible to keep the heat for a longer time - it is not necessary to remove the lid.
• Not intended for long-term maintenance of heat. The main task of circles - to keep the temperature of the beverage in the process of drinking.
• The capacity is calculated on the use of one person, so the volume does not exceed 0.5 liters.

It is characterized by a compact and user-friendly design:

• narrowed neck;
• the possibility of holding one hand;
• complete no cups.

Externally, some models resemble a plastic bottle. It is preferable to use a jar for storage of refrigerated drinks, as drinking hot liquid out of the narrow neck could cause burns.

food thermos

• Designed to hold food hot. Equipped with advanced throat, which provides the ability to use the device for the first or second courses with equal comfort.
• Some models are supplied complete containers for food, crockery, cutlery.
• The capacity of the product - 1 liter.
• Typical temperatures insufficient support (compared to the beverage models), but food model able to maintain heat even at a low temperature for several hours.

Classification by volume

Displacement termoustroystv depending on the model varies 0,45-30 L (product containers):

• to 500 ml;
• 501-1000 ml;
• 1001-1500 ml;
• 1501-2000 ml;
• 2000 ml.

By volume is meant the maximum possible amount of beverage or food, which is placed in the inner flask. The capacious flask, the more expensive it is worth a thermos.

A larger amount of beverage or food longer keeps the temperature, but at the same time, a half-empty container cools down much faster.

Features and Benefits

A spoon found in configuration devices, which are intended for food. It is easy to use and compact.

Complete spoon convenient conventional device, it is possible to combine a spoon and fork in a single product, mount spoon to the body thermos. Functionality spoon depends on constructional features.

In some models, there is additional cupWhich is useful in the case of operation of the device with two people - do not have to carry an extra bowl with me.

containers equipped for cooking food thermos model. The entire volume of the product is divided between several containers, each of which is placed inside the bulb.

The food is placed directly into the containers, and not into the inner container. The flask containers are mounted on each other. In some models, each container works on the principle of the thermos and retains heat.

Each tank is used instead of a bowl, filled with certain types of food.

Features:

• It is not intended operation of the device without food containers (flasks filled);
• the inner container is equipped with a loose lid, thin walled enough to effectively support the heat;
• Insulation and sealing containers are provided;
• It comes bundled with 2-3 capacity.

special carrying handleWhich is provided in the product design, and performs other functions - in a jug used for easy pouring liquid in a circle - for holding the vessel in his hand. The handle structure includes a thermos or cover.

shoulder strap It is intended to facilitate transportation termoizdely. It is advisable to use a belt for bulky and heavy models. Mostly it concerns food units. Carrying a thermos on the belt easier and easier hands-free.

Carbine - quick-release latch, which is a combination of the spring and lock loop. It used to attach the device to the bag, backpack and other facilities for easy transport.

Carbines equipped with thermos models designed for travel.

cover It is intended to protect the body from damage thermos. Simple options to protect the casing from scratches, abrasions. Improved model covers are equipped with a certain degree of protection from impacts.

The cover of the heating and cooling of the flask content is slower. Cover equipped with handles, fixtures and other elements.

The purchase and the cover separately from the device, but an accessory to complete a more reliable and functional as compatible with a particular model.

Methods for opening / hour

A method of opening and supplying the flask content assumes a device with which closes the neck of the article. Outer cap for all models are the same, it serves to further protect against leaks.

screw model

• The main component of the construction acts screw cap.
• Carving is considered the most reliable way of closing thermos as tightly and sealingly attaches the cover.
• Screw the system characterized by a tendency to wear, because the cover is regularly twisted and unscrewed.
• Most often installed in the food model with increased capacity, as they are designed for a single product spill, and not a permanent opening / closing.

a valve Thermos

• Most resemble screw model, but the main difference lies in the fact that the threaded connection is not solid.
• In a twist provided valveThrough which the contents of the flask are extracted. In this case, it is not necessary to remove the twist.
• This method provides the ability to completely unscrew twist only in two cases - when it is necessary to wash the inner container or fill it with a drink.
• To open the valve button is provided. Closing is performed by pressing the same button.
• Valve - the most common type of opening / delivery contents of the flask.

Stopper for thermos

It works on the principle of a wine bottle. It is made of a material with elastic properties and is installed in the neck, tightly adhering to the walls.

It is held in one position only by the force of friction - no thread and other attachment. Rarely used in modern models due to the impracticality and rapid wear.

Cap

Attached to the neck of the thermos without additional devices. It is held in this position by projections on the neck which are combined with the recesses in the cover itself.

Thermos with fanfare

The lid of the product pump is provided. He started to work by pressing the lever or button. When you press the contents of the inner portion of the container is removed.

The system is found mainly in the jars as they bulky and cumbersome, is not designed for operation in field conditions.

Material for thermos flask

• plastic;
• stainless steel;
• glass.

housing material

• plastic;
• stainless steel.

Benefits

classic thermos

• has good heat insulating properties due to the narrow neck;
• designed to operate in field conditions;
• It supports the heat for a long time.

Jug

• discharged with a large container;
• total volume enough for a few people;
• equipped with a comfortable handle, a spout.

Cup

• able to drink directly from the container, it is not necessary to seek additional dishes;
• improved performance of heat preservation;
• in some models, not necessarily remove the cover - you can drink through a special opening.

flask

• convenient operation;
• optimized design;
• It retains heat well.

food

• extended completion;
• wide neck;
• increased volume.

Opening / Feed

1. Screw fastening - the most reliable way to connect and sealed the lid and the container.
2. The valve reduces the probability of failure of the thread, increases service life and reliability of the device.
3. The plug serves as a means of reliable connection.
4. The cap is removed faster than the other fastening systems.
5. The pump (pump) allows to keep the product in an upright position and not tilted to extract liquid.

materials

The only advantage of the plastic bulb - low cost. It has low weight, low heat conductivity.

A stainless steel pot has increased strength. The product is resistant to drops, bumps, mechanical damage. Suitable for use in field conditions, long transportation.

Improving the thermal insulation properties is possible due to different technical solutions. Steel casing is also characterized by increased strength. Resistant to scratches, dents, chips.

Metallic coating looks stylish in terms of design, creates a feeling of security.

Glass bulb inert in chemical terms. This means that the material is not subject to oxidation processes.

Over time, the inner surface does not occur odors, however possible to use glass flasks for storing flavored beverages (tea based herbal et al.).

Problems

Jug

• inconvenient to carry - it is intended only for stationary use;
• bulky, impractical;
• resistant to mechanical damage.

Cup

• It is not intended for transport;
• small volume, designed for one person.

flask

• there is a risk of burns from hot drink because of the narrow neck.

food

• worse retains heat in comparison with other models.
• bulky;
• heavy.

Opening / Feed

1. Screw system is prone to wear due to the constant opening and closing. Reliability decreases with time.
2. the valve devices are used only for pure beverage without impurities, since the through hole through which the extraction takes place, becomes clogged.
3. Tube wear faster than the other structural elements, it is inconvenient in functional terms.
4. Cover tightly and inadequate seals the neck construction.
5. The pump reduces the reliability of the thermos, increase the weight.

materials

plastic Vial poorly interacts with hot liquid. The high temperature can be released pollutants directly into the beverage.

Containers on the basis of plastic, which are included in the kit with food models do not belong here, because they do not operate on the principle of the thermos.

The main drawback steel flask - a significant risk of oxidation of the material. This process and its consequences do not harm the human body, but cause the unpleasant smell, which changes flavor drinks.

Disadvantages of the steel body - weight complex processing, high heat conductivity.

The glass bulb is not suitable for use in field conditions due to insufficient strength.

How to choose a thermos

volume

Before choosing a specific model of the product, decide how long it should keep warm. The more time you spend away from home and want to use the container, the greater should be its scope. A few important rules:

1. The higher the capacity of the flask, the longer the beverage / food is still hot.
2. When choosing a food thermos purchase model, the volume of which corresponds to the amount of food eaten by you.
3. The temperature of food depends on the consistency - liquid food will remain hot longer than dry.

Vessel of 0.5 liter capacity enough to store a liquid for 3-6 hours. For continuous operation, select articles with a volume of 1 liter and above.

terms of Use

• Beverages are not suitable for products with a wide neck - through the narrow neck there is less heat loss.
• For cooking, select the device with a wide neck, it was convenient to fill the container and the first and second courses.
• For use in urban environments suitable device with a glass bulb. In rest conditions, give preference to the active metal flask.
• vessel type is selected depending on the purpose for which it is acquired. For home use with the expectation of a large family suitable jug or a classic model.

For picnics, outdoor recreation, fishing, etc. choose a more spacious and robust products with convenient transportation. For walks on the bike you can buy compact thermos.

• Colors, handles, nose, fasteners, form - secondary criteria that do not affect the efficiency and service life.

dimensions

Physical parameters of the vessel are important if you plan to go hiking or trips bike.

Advice

• Make as selected products. Examine the interior and exterior surface of the product for chips, cracks, scratches and dents.
• Explore the cover and tube, and sealing the connection. Up to 40% of heat is lost the plug. Simplified design conducts less heat than a complex system.
• Domestic appliance bulb quality does not produce extraneous and odors. If the smell is felt, do not buy such a container - the situation will only get worse in contact with hot liquid. Aroma beverage or food will also spoil.

• Between the body of the device and the neck of the sealing ring is installed for reliability and density - check the correctness of its location and installation. The ring is adjusted to size and does not allow liquid to spill.
• Buttons, levers and other structural elements, check for durability and reliability, absence of defects.
• Thermos flask firmly and tightly fixed in the outer housing, does not move, otherwise the first mechanical impact is damaged or broken under the condition of using glass.

• Inspect the unit, look for a mark, which indicates compliance device domestic or European quality standards.
• Untrue producing country names, companies and other knowingly false information says about the poor quality of the vessel.
• The specifications indicate the duration of the active operation of the device (in the form of a conventional label or icon). Vacuum flask holds a certain temperature for 6-7 hours steel - 8 hours.

During this period the temperature was slowly decreased to 70-80 ° C. When the time is over, it starts rapid decrease of temperature to 50 ° C.

• Despite the identical specifications and physical parameters of products from different manufacturers have dissimilar properties and reliability.
• High costs can not always be regarded as the main indicator of quality. Marriage is possible in any price category products.
• Since the purchase is not possible to assess the quality of the vacuum, do so immediately after the acquisition. To fill the inner container of boiling water and drain the water after 5 minutes - so the bulb is warming up.

Once again, fill a thermos with boiling water, without adding 1 cm to the neck, wait for 30 minutes. If the walls of the vessel in half an hour will be warm, the device unusable.

• The design welcome increased distance from the bottom of the housing to the bottom of the flask. So the capacity filled beverage is not in contact with other surfaces, so the cooling takes longer.
• Make sure that the thermos meets the stated specifications. Vacuum quality (the gap between the housing and the inner receptacle) determines the duration of the maintenance temperature.

The shorter the distance, the faster the temperature is changing the contents. To check the quality of the vacuum fill hot water in the flask on the day. If after 24 hours the temperature dropped to 55 ° C and less thermos poorly kept warm.

Which is better

Features the best option thermos:

• a metallic housing;
• glass bulb;
• volume 0.5-1.5 l;
• type - classic or universal;
• carrying case;
• other components (the fastening system, utensils, tools, etc.). - if necessary;
• opening / supply system - the valve.

How to use

The first action after the purchase:

1. The new device Wash.
2. Before cleaning, detach all the parts and wash separately.
3. For cleaning use warm water in combination with soap, detergent, soda.
4. Dry all elements of design, assemble the product.

That can be stored in a thermos:

• water;
• coffee;
• tea;
• broth, soup, main courses (in food models with a wide neck).

Do not use the device to store the following products:

• baby food;
• dry ice;
• Carbonated drinks (carbon dioxide is contacted with a metal insert, causing damage to the material);
• milk and milk products.

recommendations:

• Do not drink directly from a thermos (except flasks and circles) to guard against burns.
• Do not heat the device in microwave, On an open fire and using other sources of heat.
• Do not fill the flask up to the top - the fluid level should be 1 cm below the neck edge. In some models, it provides a mark.

When closing apparatus excess fluid flows out.

• Try to avoid mechanical damage to the thermos.
• Flush the flask after each use. It is recommended to do so as soon as the container is empty. Do not attempt to scrub the remains of the liquid or food from the walls - fill the tank with warm water for a while, then wipe off dirt.
• Do not clean the product using alkaline solutions.
• Do not wash the thermos dishwasher.

The increase in operating time

Before pouring into a thermos hot tea or coffee, hot water pre-heat the flask - fill the inner container with hot water for half an hour. Then pour boiling water and immediately fill flask beverage.

This intervention extends the support to the beverage temperature for 2-3 hours. When filling the cold hot liquid tank immediately it occurs a partial loss of heat, and if warm thermos heat losses affect only the walls, but not drink.

Storage

• It is recommended to store the product in an upright position. Depending on the design features of the model and the amount of respect for the rules of storage prolongs the time of maintaining the temperature for 20-40 minutes.
• To avoid unpleasant odors inside the bulb, which spoil the beverage flavor, do not allow the storage of empty product with a sealed lid.
• If a bad smell yet appeared, remove it with baking soda: fill a flask with soda solution for 2-3 hours, rinse and dry container.

Guarantee

The warranty period depends on the manufacturer, it is a minimum of 1 year.

For the replacement of the goods provide:

• warranty card;
• document as proof of purchase;
• faulty thermos and a full list of accessories that are sold together with it;
• Finally, a service that confirms breakage.

The warranty does not apply in cases where products are damaged as a result of intentional or accidental actions of the buyer or third parties, natural disasters, in the absence of the required securities.

Faults and repairs

Common faults:

• thermos does not support the heat;
• watertight container;
• rapid cooling of the liquid.

The vessel does not support the required temperature due to the lack of vacuum in the design or because of a leak of the closed lid or mechanical failure:

• Remove the cover which covers the bottom of the structure.
• Under the cover is the bottom of the outer bulb, which is soldered to a copper pipe with a flattened end. Production flasks pumped through the copper tube to form the air vacuum, then the end of the tube is compressed.

• Independently can only fill the space between the tanks with foam. Air evacuation carried out by specialists.
• Before filling the space with foam drill in the bottom of the outer container a few holes with a diameter of 6 mm - through their foam reaches the neck.
• Do not fill the foam once all the space - it needs space for expansion.

Passing the water possibly due to the leaking rubber-ring seal cover. It is recommended to replace the seal. You can do this yourself by simply unplugging spoiled ring and attach in its place a new piece.

Rapidly cooling water is due to the fact that the vessel volume does not correspond to the required temperature maintenance time or not sufficiently evacuated vacuum.

manufacturers thermoses

It makes the following models of products, as well as spare parts for them:

• liquid;
• universal;
• food;
• souvenir, gift;
• decorative.

Displacement devices - from 0.33 to 3 liters. Stainless steel base material. Each series has a distinctive feature - the type of bottle, capacity-related products. Warranty - 1 year.

ARCTICA

Manufactures of stainless steel. Character traits:

• practicality - are used for the storage of liquids and food;
• durability - products are made from high quality stainless steel, thereby increasing the service life;
• Reliability - the temperature of the support for a long time;
• security - used in the production of materials which are safe for health.

Most models are equipped with additional tools: spoons, pens, cups, etc. The range includes simple models with different capacity and the vessels of this design (spraying, textile, colorful).

The product range includes the following types of flasks:

• Metal Premium - stainless steel of high quality, double walls with a vacuum space, extra cups, pen;
• conventional metal - stainless steel vacuum double-walled;
• plastic - pitchers, thermal containers, food, classic models with plastic housing;
• insulated cups - device of stainless steel and plastic.

Variety of flasks:

• universal;
• Wide mouth;
• with a narrow neck.

Products manufactured using stainless steel. The housing is covered with a protective lacquer layer. The design suggests a comfortable handle and a belt to transport. It comes with an extra cup. Warranty - 1 year.

Diolex

The company is engaged in manufacturing of stainless steel termoustroystv. Production is characterized by capacity, strength, light weight. The walls of the double hull, keeping you warm 12 hours, but do not overheat.

Holsters. The warranty on all models - 1 year. In addition to the classic models in the range have insulated cups.

Range:

• classic;
• insulated cups;
• food;
• Children and adults jar.

A characteristic feature of the product - a vivid color scheme. All products, except for children jars are made of stainless steel. The manufacturer guarantees the integrity, health security, double-walled construction with a vacuum.

Termoustroystv is engaged in manufacturing of stainless steel and glass. The range of vacuum flasks:

• beverage;
• for food;
• universal;
• for desktop use.

Thermomug:

• leaking;
• with a handle;
• universal;
• sports, leisure;
• for auto;
• compact.

Production is characterized by the use of quality materials and original design hotel.

Mayer & Boch

Range:

• pitchers;
• classical models;
• food;
• insulated cups.

Products peculiar to the unusual design, bright design and selection of high-quality materials. In manufacture metals (aluminum, stainless steel), glass, plastic. Are supplied additional cups, spoons, fastening.

Product lines:

• Bullet;
• Geizer;
• gotto;
• soup;
• Fitness;
• Universal.

Lineup termoustroystvami presented with a stainless steel vacuum flask. Each series is intended for use in certain circumstances. Production is characterized by durability, resistance to mechanical damage.

Stanley

Range:

• beverage;
• for food;
• flasks;
• insulated cups.

series:

• Classic;
• Outdoor;
• Utility.

For products characterized by high strength due to the use of stainless steel. The product is easy to hold thanks to the rough hand-slip surface.

Termoustroystva resistant to mechanical damage, the body does not overheat. Characterized by versatility and user-friendly operation.

Termoustroystva producer (thermos and insulated cups) are manufactured with stainless steel application - this also applies to housing, and bulb. Series different technical parameters (volume, etc.):

• Barton;
• Hutton;
• Leicester;
• Nixon;
• Paxton;
• Blake;
• Gerald;
• Bradford;
• Bailey.

Some models are complemented by covers, additional Thermomug, equipped with handles.

The company specializes in the production termoustroystv and utensils. The main range of products is represented by:

• Thermos;
• THERMOcafe;
• flask.

Products intended for drinks, first and second courses. Issued an unusual design, various color schemes. Material - stainless steel. The warranty on the goods - from 1 to 15 years.

Production company is working on improving the manufacturing technology termoustroystv in order to improve product quality and reduce costs. Character traits:

• stainless steel flask thoroughly polished inside (reducing the risk of unpleasant odor, plaque);
• convenient forms, compact size (use of laser welding in manufacturing);
• collapsible tubes with simple construction and hermetic sealing.

Series:

• universal;
• classic;
• for children;
• gift;
• for food;
• with fanfare.

Vitesse

Range:

• thermoses;
• metal flask.

stainless steel products. There are classic models and pitchers. Allowed in cleaning domestic dishwasher. The design involves a vacuum flask, light weight, convenient operation.