Burners: working principle, advantages, types, how to choose

Called burner apparatus which is designed to aid in the uniform combustion. With it possible to adjust the entire combustion process.

With this device the application of fuel in the liquid state is ensured by its evaporation and subsequent mixing with air or other oxidizing substance action.

Principle of operation

The principle of operation of the burners - perform premixing fuel with air to provide for flow of the combustion mixture and make the combustion gases have passed completely burning process.

Operation of this device is divided into three stages:

1. Training. In this step, you prepare the individual elements of the future of the combustible mixture. Air and the fuel passage at the time of the preparatory phase imparted the necessary characteristics: the direction, temperature, speed.
2. Mixing. It mixes air and the required amount of fuel, whereby the fuel mixture character appears.
3. Combustion. At the final stage of the burner combustion process takes place, but rather flows elements oxidation action of fuel with oxygen. Ultimately the mixture comes through a nozzle, which is arranged at the end point of the tube.

The present gas burners and additions that provide security and automation of the device.

These include:

• Automatic, self-disables the device as a result of troubleshooting.
• Ignition performed by a special piezo element or electricity.

Kinds and features of burners

For space heating does not only apply to stationary heating systems.

There are four mobile devices, the use of which is more convenient in some circumstances:

• Plate
• Lamp
• Heater
• Burner

Heaters, operating on natural gas, are included in the classification of the air-heating device.

The design of these devices is simple:

• housing
• gas stove,
• heat exchanger,
• element capable heated,
• balloon.

The heater of each type always provides an additional opportunity to connect to the gas pipeline.

Stove runs through cylinder with fuel. With the help of this device becomes comfortable cooking, regardless of location. In this setting part rugged. The case itself is made of high quality steel, which is further covered with a special enamel, protecting from damage of various kinds.

Lamp operating on gaseous fuel, it constitutes a unique element that emits light. lamp design like the design of the burner.

To protect the top of the grid is put on the ceiling of glass.

There are burners, complete with supplements that promote improvement in device characteristics.

First and foremost it is worth considering the classification of burning devices, depending on the type of fuel used:

gas

This type is common - natural origin gas refers to fuel material available to consumers.

Gas burner devices are divided into two types according to the process oxidant into the working zone: the charging and injection.

Supercharged burner.

They operate on gaseous fuels and significantly different structurally - built-in fan provides mechanical delivery of oxidant (air) in the work area.

With the fan power is regulated in accordance with the improved operation of the apparatus, which affects the efficiency coefficient.

The disadvantage is considered additional noise, but it is removed when installing special noise reduction supplements.

injector burner called also atmospheric. Such an arrangement is often included in the additional standard equipment for boilers. Work device is to feed air to the working zone due to the "injection effect" - the required amount of oxidizer, required for complete combustion of the process flow enters the flow of gaseous fuel through a high pressure.

In the manufacture of the device exhibited standard configuration designed to work with natural gas.

Advantages of this type of burner devices - simple design, no noise, complete safety, long service life.

Fuel oil

For oil burners are used as fuel oil, which undergo different processing steps. It applies biofuels or waste oil. Popular ones burner devices that perform the work using diesel fuel.

At the same time, for the service does not cost much, the power of their work constant and, just as importantly, they are able to work in conditions of negative temperatures.

Burners on heating, are considered efficient because the oil has a low cost, reliable in the long lifetime of the device without preventive maintenance.

Heavy oil burner is not used in domestic premises. The main area of ​​application - are objects of industrial value, boilers running on central heating.

Multifuel or combined

These devices may use different types of fuel and thus not require installation of additional equipment. device cost is high, but the efficiency is much lower than in other burner applications. Maintenance is carried out much more complicated, and therefore costly.

Classification burner attachments depending on capacities:

• Thin - ≥1500 W are used for a short time;
• Average power - from 1500 to 2500 W;
• Powerful - ≤ 2500 watts.

There are several types of connections of cylinders, each of which is suitable for all types of burners:

• Screwed connection - the burner is screwed onto the thread or this is done via an additional hose which is connected to the burner.
• To perform push-in connection using a special attachment of the pressure type. In the cylinder, which is connected in this manner a thin shell.
• Disposable compound can not be disconnected from the burner to complete consumption of fuel. This is due to the fact that the valve fastening is absent and at untimely opening
• Valve compound reliable, since it no even slight fuel leak.

Some burner equipped with additional functions which simplify the use of this device.

power control. It allows you to adjust the power of the burner, is located on a threaded fitting that is screwed to the cylinder. Since the knob is at a considerable distance from the burner directly, it is not always possible to keep the power control. To resolve this problem, install the two regulators held - on the burner device and on the union.

pezopodzhigom. This addition greatly simplifies the initial stage of operation. Ignition switch is positioned in such a way that under it there is the torch switch button. Therefore, the entire system operating principle is simple.

preheating. System operation is that the part of the pipe at which fuel is supplied to the combustion place is located near the burner head, so the operating state it envelops the flame.

Benefits burners

Positive aspects of burners operating on gaseous fuels:

• Easy to use, because the design features of this type of burners are primitive and do not require additional expertise;
• There is no need to prepare before the start of the application;
• The achievement of high capacity;
• Regulation of flame;
• Cleanliness, and this is important, because there is no need to allocate additional time for cleaning supplies;
• There is no need for additional servicing the burner element because after soot combustion is not;
• Low production cost.

Advantages of devices operating on liquid fuel:

• This type of fuel consumption is much more economical than gas;
• During the operation indicator of power remains unchanged;
• Operation at low temperatures.

Problems

Any type of burner devices are observed and negative sides.

Disadvantages of devices, running on gas:

• In nature, there is no way to refuel;
• The impossibility of transporting gas cylinders in airplanes and trains in public transport;
• When a negative temperature characteristic of gaseous fuel to thicken as a result of this pressure display is reduced and ultimately burner device refuses to work.

Negative performance devices using liquid fuels:

• Parts of burner designs are prone to deviations in the work, so their maintenance should be carried out frequently enough;
• High price;
• The possibility of leakage of fuel;
• The need for additional training before starting work;
• Decent size and weight.

How to choose the burner

Required power devices depends primarily on the number of consumers. With a small number of consumers sufficient low-power torch. When the number is 5 or 6 members required maximum power device. In the event that the number of users a lot more should be reserved by several devices.

The design of the model chosen depends on personal preference: required minimum size of the burner or cooking speed is important, the device will be much headroom.

cylinder mounting type. It is equally important to think about the additional equipment. First of all there is a need in the bag for transportation of the device. Conveniently, when bundled with the burner device attached special holder dishes.

To Supplement applies to special protection from the wind gusts - blowing out the flame. Such an arrangement saves fuel. When choosing a supplement pay attention to the design, since the presence in it of plastic parts is unacceptable.

Which is better

The best one, which takes into account any conditions deemed multifuel burner. Gas cylinders is not always possible to find, but the liquid fuel is more common.

Multifuel burners have a capacity of 3,500 watts. Fuel that is suitable for them - it is both gas and gasoline.

It is desirable that the kit to the burner included: Case for transportation, tools for maintenance work, the necessary spare parts for minor repairs (seals, lubrication), the pump.

Note that the built-pezopodzhigom, quickly breaks down.

Exploitation

Correct operation of the device - ensures a long service life. If you follow the rules of use of burner devices, you will not have difficulties even for novice user.

Set of rules and guidelines:

1. Device for installation is required to produce a flat surface. At the wrong location on an incline becomes probable emergency.
2. Using a burner, can never dry clothes or shoes.
3. With the optional balloon keep it away from sunlight.
4. You can not personally carry out the completion of gas cylinders - Refuel at special stations, the gas fuel additives are added in certain proportions.
5. Do not touch the hot surface during operation of the device - you can get burned.
6. During operation, the safety of the device can not be touched.
7. May only be used in rooms with good ventilation, and during operation is possible approximation to flammable objects.
8. During operation, the device should not be left without supervision.
9. Before you start, be sure to check the correct attachment of the cylinder with the fuel.

Any kind of burner devices requires constant care. In the first place, it is required from time to time clean the inner parts.

If it is a multi-fuel burner, the fuel in the inside of the wire rope is present a thin metal. It is intended to perform two functions. First of all it works on different warming of the fuel material. Also, in the function of this device is to help to be cleaned.

It uses a special device, called a grip. For these purposes, use improvised means like pliers.

If attempts were not successful cleaning is required to perform the heating of the fuel conduit. Pulling the rope, it is important to carry out his warming up until it becomes red and hot.

This action removes coke that has accumulated during the operation. The cable is then inserted into the tube and then goes. This action is desirable to perform two or three times.

For cleaning the nozzle used specially designed needle. This is done without taking the wiping element.

General rules of care burner device:

• In that case, if there is a type of fuel choice, is to choose a gaseous fuel, because it clogs the system is minimal.
• When using a liquid fuel is required only need to give priority purified substances which reduce the likelihood of system failure, and characterized by a lack of sodium and bad smell.
• Ignition device operating on liquid fuel, is undesirable in a confined space. This is especially true of tents.
• Cleaning the burner device as a preventive measure is very important, even if signs of failure not identified.
• The assembly and disassembly of the instrument is required to carry out accurately, preferably with the use of special tools. There is a likelihood of damage to threaded fasteners.
• The pump from time to time be processed with a special lubricant.

With precise adherence to the rules listed prevented many faults and the various inconveniences associated with abnormalities in the device.

Guarantee

When purchasing goods in specialized stores warranty.

This service is distributed on the device performance. There are also cases in which the guarantee is valid and consumer properties of the goods.

So before you buy a product, make sure that it complies with the above items, the specs and full functionality.

Most often, the warranty period is given for one year. But there are manufacturers who prolong the term of up to five years.

malfunctions

the device structure is simple, and rarely breaks, but there are situations when the device fails. Try to repair the device, you can, if circumstances so require.

The main causes of failure of instruments intended to support the combustion process:

1. nozzle clogging occurs during refueling device.
2. Pollution divider due to accumulation of dust and dirt.
3. Melting of some parts is due to the use of unacceptably large windshield or kitchen utensils.
4. Damage to the hose.
5. Damage to the gasket, so that leaking fuel.
6. Mechanical damage.

The quality of China-made burner devices do not always correspond to the requirements and tools often fail. When you purchase a burner is necessary to pay attention to the manufacturer.

To prolong the life of the burner requires careful and proper attitude. Then the probability of any damage will be minimal.

It is inevitable in any case. Only a matter of time.

To cope with the failure of the device is required to have a set of tools:

• A set of tools to perform the dismantling device. The only way possible to reach the nozzle. But there are types of devices that do not require disassembly.
• Special fine needle or wire of the same thickness - are necessary for cleaning the nozzle. You can not do this work by using a thin tool is not enough, because you can easily damage the part. After that, the repair will not be possible.

There is a breakdown option to eliminate that need blowing nozzles. It is important to know that this event should be carried out in the direction opposite to the passage of fuel.

Not to harm the device should adhere to a device operating instructions manual.

manufacturers of burners

Common manufacturers of burner devices:

Primus, Manufacturer of Swedish origin, makes the burner for a long time, therefore it is considered almost a veteran. Specialization - burners for gaseous fuels. For such a long time the existence of the manufacturer to improve the model, which are of high quality and reliability.

Kovea - South Korean company specializing in the production of burner devices, operating on gaseous and liquid fuels, gas lamps and heaters of various capacities. Current production quality and reliable, meets all international requirements.

MSR - US company specializing in the production of equipment for tourism. Burners company, are among the most productive and at the same time, they are economical in fuel consumption. Used in the manufacture of modern technological development.

Jetboil - American company that manufactures products for cooking in the harshest extreme conditions. Jetboil products enjoy great popularity in many countries of the world, because they have a lot of positive qualities such as reliability, efficiency, simplicity of maintenance, simple and convenient transportation.

Company Optimus It is located in Sweden. It specializes in the production of gas equipment and tourist equipment. Every year manufacturer produces more advanced models. The devices are easy to use and does not require special skills.

Fire-Maple company of Chinese origin, which manufactures products for tourism. The equipment is being constantly improved and perfected, pleasing their owners reliability and comfort. This applies to the burner devices, targeting travel.

Campingaz - French company, is a leader in the production of goods destined for recreation and tourism. These include gas stoves, grills and other appliances for cooking outdoors, special bags for food storage.

American manufacturer Coleman It refers to the well-known companies specializing in products for outdoor activities. Products of the company are doing the most possible comfort and helpful.

Tramp American company manufactures equipment and gear for outdoor enthusiasts. Product development takes into account the preferences of consumers, which contributes to the production of high-quality and comfortable products. The positive qualities of these products provides ease and sufficient strength.

Sledopyt Korean company producing products of economic and tourist destination. The value of goods is low, quality is decent. All the developments of the company correspond to the modern technologies, which are able to satisfy the preferences of all types of consumers.

Camping World - Russian manufacturer, with an impressive range of different products designed for active outdoor recreation. On the quality of the products of this manufacturer are not inferior to foreign producers.

Energy - a major manufacturer of burners. The company's specialists are constantly developing new devices to work effectively, efficiently and safely.