Boilers differ in kinds of energy used, the specifications and designs
CONTENT
- 1 What is the boiler, the advantages and disadvantages of using
- 2 Design and operation of various types of boilers
- 3 Flowing water heaters
- 4 How to choose a water heater - the recommendations of our editorial
- 5 What is better for the boiler house, and some - for the flat
- 6 How to calculate the volume of the water heater
- 7 Video: How to use the boiler for water
What is the boiler, the advantages and disadvantages of using
Boiler - a technical device for heating the water in hot water supply systems for various purposes, and also for heating tap water. Boilers (boilers) are industrial and domestic type of use, which determines their design and specifications. If we consider the advantages and disadvantages of using this equipment, it should be noted that the advantages of the use of boilers in the home are such factors as:
- the possibility of establishing an autonomous hot water supply system in a separate apartment or a country house;
- compact - due to the small dimensions of household appliances, with the exception of storage-type models;
- reliability and long service life;
- high efficiency of use;
- efficiency - with regard to models, powered by natural gas.
Flow-storage water heater models are easy to use and functional
The following indicators should be attributed to shortcomings:
- for electric models - large capacity leads to an increase in electric power consumption and as a consequence - to an increase in accounts pay the costs of its use;
- gas appliances - devices need exhaust system formed during use;
- for connection to utility networks (electricity and gas communications) must be met certain rights in relation to the connection point, and the further operation of the relevant equipment.
NOTE!(Click to see)
Regarding electrical models must be met, "Regulation of electrical devices" (RB), and "Technical Regulations Operating Electrical Equipment "(PTEEP), and in relation to gas appliances -" Safety rules in the gas sector "(PB 12-368-00).
Flowing an electric water heater provides uninterrupted hot water in the presence of cold water
Design and operation of various types of boilers
Water heaters differ in structure and a method of heating water, fuel type, and the type and performance specifications.
Boilers indirect heating
This type of water heater, as an energy source uses thermal fluid heating system, to which the device is connected. Structure indirect heating boiler is a container into which is placed the coil, connected to the heating system of the house (building or apartment), filled with water, running hot water supply.
NOTE!(Click to see)
There are models of this type, in which the design provides for the coil is not connected to the heating system, and the second tank. In this case, the heat transmission method is called "tank in the tank."
The scheme of inclusion of indirect heating boiler in utilities country house (apartment)
The heat medium heating system, passing through the coil, gives its heat to water contained in the heater case, which is thus heated. The circulation of the heated water is carried out by recirculation caused by its heating, or by means of the circulation pump, the operation of which is linked to the flow of heated water. The advantages of this type of boilers are:
- no need to tie-in the gas line and connection to the electricity network;
- long-term operation due to the fact that the heating circuit is not in contact with tap water;
- warm water can be used at different stages of its heating.
Indirect heating boilers have considerable dimensions, so to accommodate them, usually using special technical facilities
The disadvantage of such a design are:
- dependence on the heating system;
- for inclusion in the work requires significant preparatory activities related to the provision supplying the heated water (or enable recirculation pump), affecting the cost of the entire complex operations;
- high cost, in comparison with the electrical and gas analogues;
- a long time period for initial heating of water;
- in the initial period of use decreases the flow temperature of the heating system;
- significant dimensions suggest placement in a specially equipped room for these purposes, especially for high volume models.
IMPORTANT!(Click to see)
To enable year-round use of boilers of indirect heating manufacturers produce models equipped integral electric heating element (TAN), used for water heating during the closure of the heating season.
Flowing water heaters
This type boilers involves the use of external power sources, which are the electrical energy and gas, without the presence of the tank for the accumulation of water.
Electric flow heater, combined with a draw-off tap
The basic structural elements of heaters of this type are:
- a housing that fits all other equipment;
- heating element: an electric heater or a gas burner;
- a heat exchanger in which thermal energy from a heat source is transferred to the water passing through its structure;
- connections water inlet and outlet from the heat exchanger;
- the control unit and setting modes of operation.
NOTE!(Click to see)
For models in which the electrical heating element is combined with a tap, the hot water temperature adjustment is carried amount of its supply.
The control unit can be equipped with a rotary knob and thermostat or electronic system with LCD display, depending on the class of the device, its price category.
IMPORTANT!(Click to see)
You can not use electric instantaneous water heaters without a reliable grounding system.
Instantaneous gas water heater - this is all well-known geyser
Electric models are of two types:
- pressure - when the water heater is connected directly to the cold water pipe;
- unconfined - established autonomously (water is supplied manually or by using a special pump).
NOTE!(Click to see)
Pressure models can serve a number of draw-points, and non-pressure - only one.
Advantages of flow heaters are:
- compactness;
- high efficiency and the use of thermal power.
The disadvantages include:
- significant electrical power for the models running on electricity;
- the need to have a sufficient water flow - gas appliances.
water heaters
The very name of the boilers of this type suggests that the design of these devices is expected presence container intended for storage of water which is heated during operation water heater.
Electric storage heater
The basic elements of the storage heater design are:
- building, equipped with thermal insulation, which houses a tank of water storage;
- heating element: an electric heater or a gas burner;
- control and protection units;
- entering and leaving the water in the storage tank.
Work of such equipment is based on principles similar to the indirect heating devices (recovery and circulation pump), and the inclusion in manual or automatic mode (for electric models). The advantages of water heaters in this group are such factors as:
- efficiency;
- small electric power - no need for additional spacer group lines;
- the ability to heat large volumes of water in a short period of time - for gas models.
The disadvantages of the storage boilers are:
- large dimensions;
- high cost, compared with flow counterparts.
Gas storage heater takes a lot of places and this is one of the disadvantages of its use
Water heaters of the type of performance
According to this indicator there are water heaters, overhead and floor type of installation, as well as combined type (for electrical models) when the heating element is placed in vodorazbonoy point (tap). As a rule, suspended the execution of their models and flow-type storage, equipped with storage tank of small volume. Apparatus indirect heating and accumulative type large volume of water mounted on the floor.
How to choose a water heater - the recommendations of our editorial
In the domestic water heater market a wide range of models from different manufacturers with different technical characteristics, type of fuel used and the design. In this connection, not a trained user is sometimes difficult to understand yourself in the variety and choose the appropriate model for the particular conditions of use.
Water heaters on the market many different models of domestic and foreign production
our editorial experts in solving such a problem, look at the following points:
- Initially, you need to decide on what form of energy water heater will work, because of this figure, all further steps will depend.
- When selecting the storage type storage tank volume should be sufficient to use for various needs and for all family members.
- If the selected model memory type of large volume, it is necessary to think about its placement. It should be such that it was convenient to maintain the device and only if the boiler does not interfere with activities of daily living.
- Electrical power must conform to the selected device permissible load electric network, reflected in the contract for electricity supply, and the current load of protection devices and electrical group lines.
- When considering the purchase of gas water heaters need to think about the flow of exhaust gases produced during the operation of devices. And also clarify the working pressure in the cold water network, which should be enough to open the valve of the gas burner.
Table selection water heater depending on the number of users and the draw-off points
What is better for the boiler house, and some - for the flat
What a boiler is best for a particular family and the use of the form, each user decides for himself, so in this section article, we present the most popular models of water heaters of various designs and their technical characteristics and value. The price of boilers model is shown in the following table, as of the II quarter of 2018.
| Model | View instrument | Specifications | Cost, rubles |
Last Exile write down, we should see that in the anime | indirect heating |
| 22 000 |
«Protherm FE 200/6 BM» |
| 42 000 | |
«Drazice OKC 160 / 1m²» |
| 29 000 | |
«Electrolux NPX 6 Aquatronic Digital» | instantaneous electric |
| 8 000 |
«AEG RMC 75" |
| 15 000 | |
«CLAGE CEX 9» |
| 21 000 | |
«Bosch WR 10-2P» | gas flow |
| 12 500 |
«Ariston Fast Evo 11B» |
| 11 000 | |
«Zanussi GWH 10 Fonte» |
| 6 900 | |
«Polaris FDRS-30V» | electric storage |
| 11 000 |
«Timberk SWH RS7 50V» |
| 15 000 | |
«Gorenje GBFU 100 SIMB6 / SIMBB6» |
| 13 000 | |
«Ariston Super SGA 50 R» | gas storage |
| 25 000 |
«Bradford White M-I-30S6BN» |
| 39 000 | |
«Hajdu GB 150.1» |
| 35 000 |
Due to the diversity of choice is always possible to choose the boiler for a country house or apartment, and some of them better can solve only the potential user on the basis of personal preferences and in hot demand water.
How to calculate the volume of the water heater
One of the conditions of the boiler successful purchase is choosing the right model for the volume of the storage tank or her performance. To determine the appropriate storage tank capacity, you can use tables, which can be found on the Internet or by calculation using the following formula:
V = N × ((t0 - t1) / (t2 - t1))Where:
V - volume of the boiler (L);
N - Water consumption per unit time (liter / minute);
t0 - temperature in the draw-off point;
t1 - the water temperature in the water;
t2 - water temperature at the outlet of the boiler.
Water consumption per unit of time depends on the number of delivery points (taps) and the types of equipment that uses hot water (bath, shower, washing machine, dishwasher, etc.).
Table selection on the cylinder volume of the storage tank
Video: How to use the boiler for water
How to use water heater, always described in detail in the user specific model, however the instructions in following video we'll show you how to use the water heater, and we hope that it will be useful in the early stages of using such equipment.