What is the RAM in your computer

RAM can be compared with the human spinal cord. It provides the speed of the periphery and information exchange

RAM in your computer - what is it?

Random access memory (RAM) is the English name of RAM (Random Access Memory). Also, this unit may be called "RAM" memory. The performance characteristics of this device is a volatile component of the total computer memory in which temporary data storage occurs in the form of machine code, or programs.

Additionally, the PC memory contains temporary input, output or intermediate data which are in the process of the CPU processing.

The physical performance of this type of memory is presented in the form of strips, which contains a set of circuits and wiring. Install the RAM is necessary in a special slot located on the computer motherboard. They come in different colors, usually blue, yellow or green. Each slat in the area location pins (pins) has a slot that aligns with a similar slot. On the sides are the locking latch.

Planck is placed in special seats with latches

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The concept of non-volatile memory means that I / O device for which does not require the presence of DC supply. Volatile memory - a layout area on the computer information for the operation of which requires the presence of the power supply.

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Since RAM relates to volatile species I / O devices, this affects the features of its operation. In contrast to a ROM (Read Only Memory) on which the desired information is saved, all data contained in the RAM are reset after switching off the PC user.

Another point, which you need memory on the computer, is to increase productivity. In contrast to the CPU, which has a high rate of return and reception of data, a hard drive, or peripheral devices do not possess such characteristics.

When you need to exchange data between the interior of the PC, RAM acts as a buffer, where the processes are cached for faster access to them. program works similarly to "reset" the time information in the cache memory, that in the future not to burden the CPU, and to receive the necessary data from RAM.

Memory is needed to improve the performance of your PC

Thus, the presence of memory affects the system operation by reducing the data exchange time between the software and the functionality of your PC (processor, the "north" and "south" bridge device I / O).

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The presence of memory is typical not only for stationary PCs. This is an important part of any electronic device (tablet, laptop, smartphone or smart TV).

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Details of RAM

To understand what a memory to a laptop or desktop computer, you need to know the important parameters that determine the choice - these are the characteristics of RAM.

This includes not only the performance or price, but also parameters such as volume, frequency of the calculation processing, the timings.

1 GB RAM: it is the volume or characteristics

Very often when reading the product specifications, in particular computer, buyer is faced with the following text: RAM - 2GB. What is it, and what effect the amount of RAM on your PC.

To understand the importance of the indicator in question, what is the RAM, and describe how the PC speed on the amount you can give a simple example. While the user works on the computer, a significant amount of data in the process constant movement of the ROM in the RAM to speed up and enhance the exchange of information processing speed computer. The RAM cache is all open applications. At this point, the amount of memory in no way affects the work.

The amount of RAM can be checked in the information about the system

The problem can be started on exceeding the maximum amount of data that may reside in RAM. In this case, the older information is moved to a designated area on the disk, which is called the swap file.

The result of operation becomes slowdown, since the data transfer between the hard disk and the processor is much lower than can ensure RAM. Therefore arises one conclusion: the RAM must exceed the maximum total consumption of computer resources open applications, including systemic.

The volume of modern RAM for PCs is measured in gigabytes (GB). The recommended amount of RAM the following:

1. Up to 2 GB is sufficient for normal operation of the office computer, which used text editors.
2. From 2 to 4 GB of the normal amount for a home PC that will be used for different purposes.
3. More than 4 GB - is the amount required for today's games. Experts in the assembly of the computer game are advised not to save on volume and install a lot of bars, so to speak "in the future."

For a gaming computer will need the maximum supported RAM

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When installed on the PC 32-bit version of the operating system is not recommended to install more than 4 GB of RAM, as it is not supported by the OS. If you plan to use a larger volume, care should be taken to acquire the 64-bit version of the program.

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Frequency

Another important characteristic of the RAM in the computer is operating frequencies. This parameter indicates the width of the channel, which is used for communication between the motherboard, the processor and the memory directly. Here the principle of "bigger is better". But keep in mind that the frequency of memory must meet the same indicator system board. For example, when the claimed work RAM at 1600 MHz and in the presence of the bus "motherboard" only support 1066, the actual value of the index in the RAM 1066 will be mentioned.

Also, when referring to the memory frequency can not be a question of tact, but the transmission rate. This figure, which is correct to call the data transfer rate represents the number of operations which lead to the exchange of data committed during the time interval in one give me a sec. The unit is gigatranfer or megatransfer (GT / s or MT / s). The characteristics given in the description of the memory.

The memory clock rate affects its speed

If we talk about the clock speed, it is half of this double data rate. This figure is hidden under the alphabetical index DDR or Double Date Rate.

List of real indicators, which are more common in the RAM manufacturers are listed in the table below:

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Should pay attention to the maximum rate of stroke, which is supported by the motherboard. If it is determined two straps, one of which operates at a higher clock cycle, the actual parameter defines the lower frequency characteristics of RAM.

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timing

The timing means of the memory latency. There is a parameter such as the time of access or CAS Latency. Its rate determines the number of clock cycles generated by the memory module in procedure delays the return information request to which is supplied from the CPU. If the timing indicator 9 includes nine passes, then, for example, figure 7 will mean a total of seven clock cycles.

At equal volume terms and information transmission speed, RAM timing in 7 cycles faster. This is called latency.

Timings can be found in specialized programs such as AIDA64

Conclusion: The lower the timing, the faster the RAM work.

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Very often, the manufacturer does not specify the maximum memory frequency to maintain optimal performance timing. With increasing cycle automatically increases the working timing, which is not the best way affects the performance of the module.

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How do I know the amount of RAM installed on your computer

In order to know exactly the amount of RAM installed on your computer, there are several ways. Such a procedure may be required to know how to increase the RAM in dim its quantity.

Viewing options volume (complexity order):

1. Through the properties of the system. This will require open-label "My computer" Right-click and select "Properties". The user gets to the screen with the basic information about the system, which will indicate the amount of RAM installed.
2. Using the command line. pressing Win + R called input field team. There needs to be written «Msinfo32». After you click OK, the Immediate window will give detailed information.

Keystrokes Win + R will lead to the appearance of the command line

1. Similarly, you can run the command «Dxdiag». This command calls diagnostic tools DirectX. The first tab will contain the required information.
2. OS version starting at 8, support the viewing of system information through the Task Manager. It is caused by a combination of keys Ctrl + Alt + Del. In the tab "Performance" can see the full amount of RAM and the amount of memory in real time.
3. You can go in a simpler way, if a person is friendly with a screwdriver. Just open the system unit or remove the lid on the laptop, which is hidden under the strap and RAM see sticker on it, which contains the type of memory frequency and timings.
4. By means of special software. There are many programs that offer to check the basic settings of your computer. For example, «CPU-Z» or «Aida64». Last distributed for a fee. Using the software, it is possible not only to determine the amount of memory, but also to find out the operating frequency, all kinds of timings and see even the stress transferred to the bar.

«AIDA64» - a program that provides comprehensive information about your computer and the system

RAM species on the computer

Modern computer technology offers users of all two kinds of memory: static and dynamic

Statistical kind

This type is called «SRAM». With its creation, are used semiconductor triggers, resulting in a significant acceleration of speed. But costly and complex manufacturing technology affects the cost. Also this variety is distinguished by its large size, so does not apply to home PCs, and more used in the production servers.

dynamic variety

This type is called «DRAM» and is used in most modern PCs or laptops. The basis of this type constitute a capacitor that provides increased data recording density and an acceptable cost. Disadvantages derive from structural features. Increasing the capacitance results in its rapid samoryazryadu. Therefore it requires constant updating, by regenerating process. This hinders the work RAM, and various schemes are used by manufacturers to reduce the delay time.

Modern memory called «DDR» or «DRAM»

DRAM is also divided by generation or creation time. These species differ clock frequency and data rate. In total there are 4 generations of RAM:

1. DDR.
2. DDR2.
3. DDR3.
4. DDR4.

Additionally, there is a division in the memory for stationary (desktop) PCs and notebooks. Very often, on stickers, available on the reverse side of the notebook, or netbook, you can see the indication of the type of memory SO DIMM. What is it? This is exactly the same RAM, only smaller.

Laptops used memory SO DIMM

For comparison, the usual third-generation DRAM dimensions are 133.35 mm in length. A module SO DIMM will be 67.6 mm long. the number of pins (contact connection) also varies.

The main differences between the standard DRAM and SO DIMM are shown in the table:

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Installed on the first computer SIPP memory modules which are conventional flexible printed circuit board with contacts. They often broke during installation. In place came SIPP SIMM modules that no longer resembled the modern bar.

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Sometimes online shopping sites, mainly of Chinese origin, can be found in the sale of memory for AMD only. What is it and in fact such a rule will only work on architecture from this manufacturer?

There are modules that are designed only to work on AMD motherboards that due to the peculiarities of building architecture

In reality it turns out to be true. These fakes do not meet international standards of JEDEC. Since AMD engineers have created their own memory architecture with 11-bit columns and page size at 16 kbps. All other manufacturers use a figure of 10 to 8. This leads to increased productivity, since the memory controller is running longer than a certain page.

The best producers and the cost

To know what kind of RAM is better to buy, should first familiarize yourself with the best producers and to select the model, recognized the most optimal from the point of view of users.

The approximate ranking of manufacturers is as follows:

Corsair

Corsair CMK16GX4M2A2400C14

The US firm, which specializes not only in the memory industry, but also many other computer accessories. One of the best models is the Corsair CMK16GX4M2A2400C14. It DDR4 module having a low profile heatsink, but not the smallest price (14 000 rubles).

Kingston

Kingston HX324C11SRK2 / 16

Another US company, which specialization - production of storage. In addition to conventional conveyor produces DRAM SSD drives and flash memory. Among the most popular models include the Kingston HX324C11SRK2 / 16. The module is sold for 11 thousand rubles, differs higher clock speeds and a stylish design.

Patriot

Patriot Viper 4

The company, founded in 1985. The main objective of the creation of the brand is the development of memory modules for computer enthusiasts. Each slat is characterized improved timing, increased data rates and the ability to OC. One of the most popular models is the Patriot Viper 4 (PV416G340C6K), which costs 13,500 rubles. Its advantages are the high overclocking potential, low heat and low height of the bars.

Muskin

The US company, which became known for its power supply. Also in the present brand production line memory models. The optimal choice is Mushkin Enhanced Redline (994206F). This memory provides acceleration up to 3280 MHz and is highly reliable. Price starts from 14,000 rubles.

G.Skill

G.SKill Trident Z

Brand, a native of Taiwan, which dates back to 1989. The main specialization of the company - production of RAM. One of the best models considered G.SKill Trident Z 32GB Kit DDR4-3200 CL14 (F4-3200C14D-32GTZR). DDR4 type memory 32 GB providing high rate clock cycle, which does not require an additional correction voltage during acceleration. Minus - prohibitive cost, which amounts to 33 thousand rubles.

How to Increase the RAM on your computer

When the braking of the PC user can not help think about the question of how to increase memory. There are several ways to increase the amount of RAM and improve PC performance.

That speed is the main reason why increase the RAM on your computer.

There are three basic ways how to achieve memory performance gains:

• Acquisition of new bars. Previously, in order to avoid problems, it is recommended to remove the old bar and look at all the characteristics of a sticker. Also, do not be amiss to know what frequency the memory supported by the motherboard. This is one of the factors that affect the RAM.

Do not be amiss to count the number of slots for the memory location, as in the presence of insufficient quantity to produce an increase will not work without removing the old modules. Installation should combine the cutouts on the board and fix the retaining clips on both sides of the slot.

With the help of a flash drive, you can use ReadyBoost technology for memory expansion

• Using a USB flash drive. Microsoft has implemented in their systems ReadyBoost technology. The principle of operation is to save to an external drive special file where there is caching the most frequently used processes. Solid State drives are high speed operation, because they do not spend time searching for the right information on the sectors of the hard disk.

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Minimum requirements include a flash card for ReadyBoost volume of at least 256 MB, the recording speed of 1.75 Mbit / s and the reading of 2.5 Mbit / s.

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• Changing the BIOS settings. It's a way for people who are well versed in the system settings. Proper change of indicators through BIOS could lead to an increase in memory capacity by 10%. The very process of overclocking is to change the timing.

The BIOS can change the timings, which will lead to the acceleration of the work RAM

To disperse the memory should go to the BIOS (Del or F2 button, depending on the PC model). Next, you must go to Video Ram or Shared Memory tab. There is a tab DRAM Read Timing. After you select the manual mode change timing will be available to the user. It should be noted that all operations are carried out at your own risk. It requires a deep knowledge of the features of the microprocessor technology.

ROM - what is it

Also the RAM has a computer ROM or permanent storage device. To understand what is RAM and ROM in your computer, it is required to list the sources of information storage, which are permanent:

• integrated circuits. An example is the BIOS, which is powered by its own battery;
• Winchester;
• removable drives;
• discs;

Under the ROM understood controllers, BIOS, chipsets and storage

Also the number of the ROM in the computer include chips (north and south bridge), which laid the algorithms of the whole system. Northbridge is responsible for the correct operation of the processor and videuskoritelya. The South Bridge is a controller, which is embroidered on the motherboard and is responsible for I / O processes.

Feature of this type of memory device is its non-volatility. Retention of information occurs even when power is off.

How to clean the RAM (random access memory)?

The appearance of lag with your computer may indicate overflow memory. In this case, it will require purification. The most drastic method is to reboot the PC, but in this case all the windows and may lose important information will be closed automatically if the user does not make the save.

A more gentle way is to use the Task Manager. It is caused by a combination of keys Ctrl + Alt + Del. In the window that the user will see the running processes, indicating the number of memory. Right click on the selected process will remove the problem with unloading from memory.

Starting the Task Manager allows you to track memory usage, processes

Another way to relieve the load on the RAM is to regulate the processes in the startup. All unimportant program to update the installed software or other unnecessary tasks can be safely disabled.

Quality clean memory is possible by means of special tools. Their disadvantage is the removal of the required tasks, which can lead to malfunction.