Water softeners: how they work, characteristics, types

Every person at least once in your life wondering "what quality of consumed liquid used for cooking." It is supplied in a home with a water supply system, it is processed, but not enough for an acceptable level of softness.

Therefore it is better to use a professional filter elements, softeners. The market offers a wide variety of species such devices for softening.

How do water softeners

liquid softener - small device of cylindrical shape. Inside there is a filter element, it takes 60 percent of the device. Above the base portion is an automatic control valve that controls the operation of the device.

Inside the column there is a water-lifting pipe-distributor grid bottom and top distributor, which is mounted on the control valve.

Liquid flowing through the softener is fed through the capacitance, which is located ion-exchange resin, in its calcium ions are replaced by sodium ions. Then, as a result of this process, soft water is obtained, it enters the water and further can be used in both household and industrial purposes.

The choice of method affects softener softening the depth and quality required of the filter. Filters are such as distillation, heat treatment based on heating and freezing.

This filter is suitable for cleaning, required for cooking. Reverse osmosis - a certified and proven method of membrane treatment. The essence of his work lies in what is going to get rid of salt due to the pressure.

Screening this purification method a very high quality, and this water is used in many industries, even in pharmacology. The purification of the required degree can be obtained at low pressure with replacement membrane. For drinking water using household jugs, but they are inefficient.

Features water softeners

Hard water suffer things that fade because of the poor quality of the wash. We have to increase the consumption of detergent when washing clothes. In addition, the suffering people who use hard water for cooking, thus slowly killing the organism.

Using equipment to reduce the stiffness, you can clean the entire system to any scale or only use softeners for drinking. Comparing the characteristics of the liquid impurities, the degree of rigidity is taken into account.

Through the use of equipment, lowers the level of rigidity, increased exploitation of sanitary equipment, decreases accumulation of solid deposits in the pipes, the technique works with high efficiency actions.

The main characteristic of the performance is considered. Based on this parameter, choose a filter, which filters the fluid in the home or at work, follow the quality parameters and determine the pricing of goods.

The following indicators related to the main parameter - this is the amount of resin and tensile stiffness, allowing to use the device if there is excess several times.

The amount of liquid which the device is handled between individual regeneration is considered softener service cycle that depends on the volume of the resin. Reduced iron is due to the use of standard cation-exchange resins. Minimizing during operation of the human factor involvement.

Buyers are offered several varieties softeners working on differing principles.

Types of water softeners

There are several types of liquid softeners:

• electromagnetic;
• ion exchange;
• ultrafiltration;
• Filters with the maximum softening;
• chemical;
• filters with a powerful way to softening;
• magnetic.

electromagnetic principle.
Electromagnetic softeners are different from other models and is gradually losing popularity, as they are no longer suitable for home use and for home. Soft water formed by this method protects the devices against scale, remains operational household appliances, but it is not desirable to use such as drinking water, or the need to use filter.

Most such softeners are used in boilers, heating systems. These devices are simple to use and install. These filters do not allow the formation of scale and have the greatest shelf life. Cons devices - the device requires a considerable amount of electric energy.

The ion exchange principle.
The mode of action of such devices is based on chemical reactions, based on gel resin purifier which contains increased amounts of sodium and when filtering is swapped with ion hardness. The softness in this principle above, but care should be taken with care and change the pitch more often.

ultrafiltration principle.
Ultrafiltration - membrane process, which occupies an intermediate position between the microfiltration and nanofiltration. Ultrafiltration membranes having a pore size of 0.05 .mu.m to 10 nm.

Principle ultrafiltration softener - selection macromolecular substances from water. Filtration is carried out very carefully, since the same method is used in the purification of highly polluted fluids, such as diesel and fuel oil.

Principle expensive and devoid of drawbacks. Price affects the quality of the product, so for affluent consumers such softener - the best option. Water soft taste, and after processing it loses chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, harmful bacteria.

Filter with maximum softening.
Theoretically it is considered such a device which is able to ensure the removal of most contaminants. It uses a membrane with a small pore size, which allows only water molecules and the same education. Molecules that affect the stiffness, do not pass through the barrier and washed down the drain.

fluid flow rate at a purification is higher than the standard consumption five times. The volume of liquid treated per day, will not be sufficient for a large number of home devices.

Systems are very sensitive to temperature, water pressure, chlorine and other contaminants. To improve performance, you must work as a change clogged cartridges frequently.

If we look at it from an economic point of view, it turns out that such a filter is too expensive at home. The filter element is appropriate to apply to companies for the necessary production processes.

The chemical method.
Such a device saturates dissolved chemical compounds liquid passed therethrough. Such substances include sodium chlorine, phosphates. Enveloping liquid crystals of salts, they decrease the chances of occurrence of scale. Such a device has many advantages, but we must not forget about the specialization of its application.

To control water pipe installed special devices that determine the dosage. The price of the material from which the filter and filler, is small. Dissolved compounds - sources of pollution, and their quality is not amenable to review.

When backfilling operations polyphosphates monitor their level and replenish it when the level decreases. The consumer is not always possible to connect the device correctly. In this case, the help of professionals in this field will lead to additional costs not cheap.

Powerful way of softening.
The greater the performance of the device, the more difficult to service the appliance. The probability that will break any part or assembly is too great. Such devices are standard equipped with a control and monitoring unit.

The apparatus is equipped with a tank for regeneration solution, the bypass pipe system, continuously feeding the desired amount of fluid from the additional reservoir, which guarantees a long lifetime. Setting and resetting by professional installers.

Details of the standard strong and durable, with a guarantee from the manufacturer. Over time, there will be savings invested money earlier, and improve health.

magnetic method.
To achieve high performance by using the device in which the magnetic field is created by a special generator. Enough power to process a large amount of liquid, under different pressures. The chemical composition of the fluid does not change and remains clean.

Installation of the device under the force of each person. The generator will not take up much space and can accommodate any length of pipe. The operation is simple and reliable. The operating principle of the magnetic softener is to convert the calcium and magnesium compounds, acquiring a new form that is safe for technical support.

Removal of hardness salts does not occur and the resulting plaque removed lime. Softeners of this type are mounted on water pipes in cooling systems, pumping stations, prior boilers, appliances and columns.

The main advantage - the independence of electric energy, it gives an advantage over other methods. Proper magnetic water softener - a device whose main element is in close proximity to the water.

Not advised to install the equipment without the assistance of professionals. Common type of device - a cylinder in an airtight package.

The use of such devices in the home to provide the satisfaction of their use. Across the industry softeners play an important role.

Cleaning impact on production, the health of employees, and ultimately to the consumers of these goods. Having considered the recommendations and tips you can safely purchase a softener that is suitable for the selected characteristics and will serve as the conscience.

functions

As discussed earlier, the softener saves wear on the equipment, keeps human health. But excessive softening water is harmful to human, as minimum quantities substances that enter the body together with water, removed when commutation necessary to man.

This natural vitamins, a number of which participates in the natural reactions of the body and their absence would lead to problems. For soft water is not easy to get used to, when washing your hands there is a feeling that soap is not washed off, it creates some discomfort.

Then, finding a proportional relationship between softness and the presence of natural elements, the consumer would drink regular water.

malfunctions

If the softening device is malfunctioning or water softens enough, do the following:

• Disassemble elements, fluid feed and clean.
• Close the valve in the bypass line, if it is open.
• If the liquid is uniformly softened, if controller, edit the execution of the regeneration cycle with the water flow.
• Since the need to manually replenish the salt supply only, and the remaining elements are replenished automatically, check the supply of salt and add or remove so that the salt be met by the backfill.