Purification of water from the well of iron: and the need for a review of how

Iron removal of water from the well - a serious problem faced by the owners of country houses and cottages, using this source of water for their homes. The importance of this event should not be underestimated - an excess of iron in the water is harmful to the human body impairs the appearance of plumbing clogs pipes and fittings. But before you understand how to produce clean water from the well of iron, it should be consider what constitutes this admixture of the danger it poses to humans, how to define it the presence of water.

What kind of danger is high content of iron in water

Iron - element, in small quantities necessary for normal functioning of the human organism. All requirement (25 mg knocking) in this element almost completely provided from consumed foods. The content of it in water exceeding the maximum permissible concentration (MPC), equal to 0.3 mg / l, the following is a danger to the human body:

• It contributes to the development of various tumors;
• It increases the risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system, increases the likelihood of heart attack;
• cause allergic reactions in people with weakened immune systems;
• may cause dermatitis and the deterioration of the skin;
• impairs the functioning of the liver and kidneys, reducing the reproductive capacity of an organism.

These effects require careful control of the content of the impurities in the used water for domestic use. Besides the negative impact on the human body, iron-containing compound degrade plumbing fixtures - pipes, toilets, sinks, pallets.

Important! Purification of water in a country house, whether it is powered from a well or water supply system, it is important for the health and normal state of health of its residents.

Forms of iron and its compounds in water sources

Most frequently in a variety of water sources meet the following impurities, containing this element:

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Vladislav Mikhaltsov

Millwright for operation of water supply and sewerage systems "GK" Spetsstroy "

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"If a large iron content is observed when taking water from the mains, it is necessary to replace all pipelines and fittings on polypropylene, plastic or copper. The most common cause turbid and constantly rusty water are exactly old who began to collapse within metal pipes and fittings. "

Major signs of iron

To determine the presence of excess water content in iron impurities can be by the following features:

• water color -rzhavy or reddish-brown;
• deposits of brown-red color in the enamel and ceramic surfaces, sinks, toilets, baths;
• discoloration of the brightest things in the wash;
• the presence of water a pronounced metallic taste;
• precipitation in tanks with water at her standing.

But in order to determine a more accurate indicator of iron content in the water, using its laboratory analysis.

Note! In order to determine the appropriateness of filtering water works well, it is necessary to pass the sample for analysis to a specialized laboratory. Based on the results of the analysis will be to select the most effective method of water purification.

Not suitable for country homes and summer houses, industrial water filters - are more expensive, complex to operate and have a low filtration rate.

analysis

There are several methods for determining the water content of the element:

• thiocyanate;
• sulfosalicylic;
• photocolorimetric;
• chemiluminescent.

The essence of these analyzes is that in a sample of water is added a specific reagent (specific for each method) and then the solution in the presence of iron compounds acquires characteristic color. By staining intensity by means of special devices (photocolorimeter) reference samples and calibration curves with small error determine the iron content. These types of analyzes are made in special accredited laboratories or research centers. To determine the iron content required water sample volume of at least 1.5 liters.

Techniques for removing iron from water

There are several ways of purifying iron drinking water from artesian wells:

• aeration;
• reagent removal of iron;
• free iron removal;
• ion exchange method;
• ozonation;
• the use of a reverse osmosis membrane;
• application of the electromagnetic field.

Each of these methods from well water filtration requires a certain equipment or reagents.

Aeration of water from the well

Aeration of water from various depths along the well - a method for removing iron impurities, based on the oxidation of water soluble iron salts to oxides, their precipitation followed by filtration.

Aeration process itself consists of the following steps:

1. Water from a well with a pump fed to a special oxidative capacity.
2. The tank also comes under pressure and the air - he goes through a splitter or a tube located at the bottom of the tank.
3. Air bubbles passing through the water column, it being oxidized iron salt, converting them into oxides.
4. Passing through several such tanks, most of the iron contained in the water becomes hard and the precipitate is removed by simple filtration.
5. Injected into the air container, as well as gases generated by the oxidation of various dissolved salts in water are removed through the vents located in the neck of each oxidation tank.

This method allows for small scale equipment to produce quality and rapid purification of water used for domestic purposes.

Iron removal of water from the reagent wells method

The method includes sebyasleduyuschie steps of:

1. The flow of water from the well into a large capacity - storage. In it the impurities, oxidized gradually passes from a water-soluble divalent to trivalent form.
2. After the water pump drive is fed into obezzhelezivateli - tanks elongated shape inside which is located a filter element (quartz with fine sand particles onto the surface layer which suffered pyrolusite - oxidation catalyst iron impurities) and a layer of gravel day.
3. After passing the water flow through the filter element and a layer of pebbles transition occurs iron from trivalent to divalent form. Insoluble oxides formed during this process iron removal, are deposited on the filter element or in a layer of pebbles.
4. To filter element not lose their oxidative properties, obezzhelezivat also fed a solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate).
5. Purified water thus through the tube, located at the bottom of the tank, an electronic control valve is supplied to consumers.

Such water purification technology to various forms of iron is used at very high concentration - over 10-12mg / L.

Cleaning Technology nonchemical

Unlike the previous method in obezzhelezivateli with water nonchemical purification of iron used filter element - the filling (sorbent) - does not contain chemical oxidants and retaining very fine particles of oxides gland. Filter material itself does not react with the iron dissolved in the water, but only catalyzes the oxidation and retains its formed with the solid particles.

Such a filter of iron in the water is well suited for the cottages, private homes - it is more convenient, economical and safe as compared to water treatment systems that use different reagents.

Plant for iron removal ion exchange method

This method of water purification from impurities iron THE USE installation consisting of such parts as:

• housing - sealed and a solid column;
• automatic electronic valve in the throat;
• filling - ion exchange resin (cation exchanger);
• tank saline.

It operates such a facility as follows:

1. Entering through an automatic water valve with the electronic impurities passes through the filling layer.
2. The passage of water process iron ions are attracted to the surface of the particle filling.
3. Clean water passes below and through the tube at the bottom of the tank and out of the installation.

In order to remove particles from the surface of backfill held its impurity ions using their flushing regenerating brine, placed in an appropriate container near the installation and fed into it in an automatic mode.

Water purification ozonation

Cleaning the ozone used for domestic purposes, it consists of several stages:

• the flow of water into the container;
• injecting into the container through the ejector ozone generated in a special generator - ozonizer - when subjected to powerful air charge of an electric current;
• oxidation and precipitation of iron oxides;
• water with some mechanical impurities, leaving the tank and passes through several filters, it is clean and clear.

ozone treatment also reduces the acidity of the water, to improve its taste and smell, it helps to preserve all the beneficial properties for human health.

Filters from the well from the iron by reverse osmosis

The basis of the water purification by reverse osmosis iron are special filters based on reverse osmosis membranes, consisting of the following parts:

• a perforated water collection pipe around which is wound in several layers oborotovostalnye;
• an outer shell;
• reverse osmosis membrane;
• substrate;
• waterproof polyethylene film.

The principle of purification by means of such a filter is as follows: water flows into the filter end face is held under pressure spirally through several layers a reverse osmosis membrane, enters the lower polyethylene film, for which she gradually comes to perforated inner catchment tube. Pure water exits through the tube, and the suspensions and solutions contaminants discharged into the sewer.

Such method due to very fine, able to pass only water molecules holes on the membrane allows using reverse osmosis filter for water purification from artesian wells not only iron, but also from the majority of the impurities and harmful microorganisms.

Using an electromagnetic field

Another effective way of water treatment is the use of iron from the electromagnetic field. This impurity is removed by means of magnetic filter capable of creating the appropriate field, depriving particles divalent iron hydration shells, and thus making them accessible to air oxidation followed by precipitation of and filtration.

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Domestic iron removal methods in the purification of drinking water

Filtering water from a well, water can also be effectively performed using these home methods, such as:

• settling - water is poured into a large capacity, where under the influence of air dissolved in it oxidizes ferrous iron and its loss in the form of sediment on the bottom of the settler. Pure water is poured off leaving the bottom part with the precipitate.

• Boiling - Boiling water iron as lime, crystallizes as scale on the walls of the tank. Pure water is drained after cooling and short settling. water distiller industrial or homemade analogs should be used for purification in this way a sufficient amount of liquid.

• freezing - water is subjected to slow freezing. The essence of this method lies in the fact that pure water freezes faster than contaminated with various impurities - so during the freezing, when half or slightly more water crystallized, and another part of it no liquid water poured. Ice containing the most pure water, melted and used for food purposes.

• Purification of silicon and shungite, quartz - data minerals placed in a container with water and leave it for several days in a dark place. Pure water after completion of the filtration process is poured into another container, leaving the lower layer of 2-3 cm., And are used for household purposes.

1. Purification of activated charcoal - several tablets of activated charcoal (at the rate of one tablet per 1 liter of liquid) is placed in the container with water and allowed to stand for several days then decanted and used for domestic purposes.

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Improvised equipment for water purification from artesian wells from iron

Produce iron removal of water from the well can be gathered for this equipment with their own hands.

The simplest is to manufacture the aerator. To make it possible, as follows:

• a main conduit from the well is fed to the tank volume of not less than 150-200 liters;
• at the end of the pipeline is located inside the tank, attached simple handshower - water under pressure passing through openings in the watering and falling into the container, is saturated with air bubbles, which promotes the oxidation process gland;
• is a hole into which is inserted in faucet 20-30 cm above the bottom of the tank;
• of the crane lay pipes to the pump;
• between the pump and the water consumption endpoints - mixers sinks, baths, shower -sets more cartridges with different filters.

Such a plant for iron removal of water from artesian wells will allow produce enough high-quality and efficient water treatment.

Note! In order to remove sand and other large enough mechanical impurities before the iron removal station must install a filter for coarse water purification. This is especially important for the well - water it contains more sand and other coarse particles than tap.

Iron removal of water from the well with their hands - video

An example of a simple plant for iron removal can be found in this video:

Summary

Clean water from the well by various forms of iron - reception, allows to obtain qualitative and safe for the human body drinking water. The choice of method that water treatment will be dependent on the concentration and form of the impurities, the financial capacity of the well owner. Furthermore factory devices - filters, diffusers, iron removal station, for removing impurities of the various forms and are used, such well-established methods, such as sedimentation, freezing, boiling, mineral processing (shungite and silicon, quartz), activated coal. It is also relatively simple and efficient device for water purification from impurity iron can be made independently.