How to choose a door to the apartment: correct instruction

Quality and reliable door - this is not a whim, but a necessary condition for comfort and safety. It was she who saves owners a peaceful sleep at home, guarding their lives and property, protect from cold and noise, allows you to designate the area of ​​personal family space. Its durability, ability to Burglar directly affects the level of protection. However, it should be noted the importance of an attractive appearance, which is indicative of good taste and the consistency of the owner. Try to understand - how to choose a door to the apartment among many proposals.

Requirements to the front door

The product must meet a few basic requirements. Besides the fact that it must be made of durable material resistant to mechanical stress, the door must be provided:

• at least two reliable locking systems installed with an interval of 30 cm;
• eye, ensuring a panoramic view;
• additional longitudinal and transverse stiffeners;
• high degree of noise and heat insulation;
• reliable fastening of the grippers in U-shape or anchor fasteners.

No less important aesthetic component. Ideally, if the door trim not only harmonises with the interior of the door, but also with connecting "colleagues."

Entrance groups of private homes or holiday cottages must be equipped with an optional anti-theft device.

Types front doors

For production use the following materials:

• wood;
• metal;
• plastic;
• glass.

Obviously, for country houses and apartments are best suited rugged metal door. They establish the vast majority of the owners, because they want to be sure of their own safety. The second rated - wooden doors. These products tend to have extra protection in the form of iron or steel frame plate mounted in the door as a central layer "cake." Articles made of precious - solid oak or ash, the house is decorated with rich people more often.

Other types of cloths are not able to provide a decent defense. They are installed in areas where there is no need in creating an insurmountable barrier or where the protection of the functions assigned to the alarm system and special company.

metal

Metal doors can be divided into aluminum and steel. The first does not possess sufficient strength and are more commonly used in the outbuildings - sheds or garages.
Steel blade reliable, strong and durable. They are equipped with sound and thermal insulation layers, additional stiffeners. Steel doors may be of different thickness and internal filling. On this depends the degree of protection of the premises from burglary attempts, the penetration of cold and extraneous sounds. Combination of different materials improves the technical quality doors and influences its appearance and durability.

The use of special technology allows you to make bullet-proof metal doors, fire resistant, give them the ability to absorb vibration fluctuations during the explosion.

wood

Wooden doors have not lost relevance due to its natural origin and environmental friendliness. Products from the array powerful and respectable, create an atmosphere of prosperity and unbroken tradition.

Quality wooden doors should allow it to firmly withstand atmospheric phenomena, to block background noise, providing high-quality thermal break.

The outer panel is made of wood covered with antibacterial and refractory compounds. The protective varnishes may be used as a finishing layer. Even if a door is not increased demands on its protective properties, it is better if it is reinforced, equipped with seals and reliable locking device.

The density and weight of the finished fabric depends on the type of wood. The most severe and at the same time representative, expensive and robust - the doors of solid oak or beech. More affordable options, such as pine, birch is not as strong and require the extra boost. Such variations are suitable for installation in a room or shed.

With a mirror or glass insert

Webs with decorative inserts made of glass or mirrors impart ease of placement and elegance. It may seem that transparent pieces are the "weak link" of the fundamental design and reliability of the door in question. However, due to the use of special technologies such options did not concede in strength "dull fellow."
Reliability glass paste depends on the material characteristics. The following types of glass used in the production of entrance doors:

• triplex - is a multilayer material;
• tempered - it has a high level of anti-shock;
• bulletproof - resistance to firearms provided by applying special film.

Double glass door

Entrance groups of glazing originally have been applied in the construction of office buildings, shopping centers, hospitals and sports centers, small shops and businesses spheres services. Nevertheless, practical and functional door with an attractive design and a variety of gradually winning the sphere of private construction. Proven safety and durability of the products from the input of glass makes them all the more popular.

The design of the door into the frame of the plastic profile, double glazing and plastic panels. Glazing can be made full-size fabric or occupy 2/3 of the total area. It may be solid or composed of fragments.

By the door may be supplied with anti-burglary accessories, which increases resistance to the actions of intruders. Special hinges are designed to withstand the load reinforced.

Multipoint locking fixes the frame on three sides and makes the design more airtight. Plastic profile is reinforced along the perimeter, which increases its reliability.
Setting Armored anti-vandal glass, you protect yourself from the actions of the bullies and burglars. Multi-layer fabrics made of laminated glass technology, can be an alternative to the armored product. They are able to withstand the shock rock or bottle, and even when broken does not scatter, but simply covered with cracks.

Door constructions with glass can be done via a special lamination complicating layouts, tinting, coating specular or matt coatings.

What to look for when choosing a metal door

Choosing a door must ensure its stability to the power and intellectual cracking. The design must ensure protection of property and people's lives.

Another aspect which should also assess the ability of a fabric to a sound- and heat insulation. The door should block entry of street noise, dust, drafts and extraneous odors.

Equally important are the strength and quality of the execution of all construction machinery - hinges, handles, locking system. It is necessary to ensure the correct operation of all the elements to prevent unintended jamming locks and tilting doors.

Aesthetic appeal and compliance with the stylistic and color scheme of the interior of at least a strong argument in the regeneration of the input group.

protection class

Allocate 13 levels Burglar doors. Class security for home products usually varies within the first four positions. Higher category of protection necessary for the banking business and warehouse equipment.

Let us examine the properties of doors corresponding to the first four levels.

1. First grade - for the door opening enough physical strength and simple hand tools.
2. Second class - a special power tools needed to crack.
3. A third class of - a barrier can overcome only electrical devices with power exceeding 500 watts.
4. Fourth grade - bullet-proof doors resistant to previous hacking techniques.

steel thickness

Reliability structure depends on the thickness of steel, from which the web is made. Most commonly used metal in a thickness of 1-2 mm. The better and more expensive doors thickness of the steel plates may be up to 6 mm.

Use steel thinner than 1 mm is not recommended because it is not resistant to mechanical damage and accidental attacks by vandals. The optimal material for manufacturing blades for the input group in an apartment or a private house deemed steel plates with 1.5 mm thickness. They do not aggravate the door beyond measure and at the same time it ensures a high level of protection. To further enhance the reliability of the manufacturers fabric become an additional sheet.

Number of ribs

The design of the metal door is a layered cake. As the outer layers are the steel plates which are reinforced from inside by means of stiffeners. The quality doors must be present for at least three such elements - a pair of vertical and horizontal. But the more in the construction of ribs, especially durable, heavy and reliable will the door leaf.

Heat and sound insulation

Filling the door of the "pie" is made up of heat-insulating and sound-proof materials and differs depending on the price category of goods. Cheap samples filled corrugated board or mineral wool in the form of pressed slabs. More expensive models are insulated using polyurethane foam that blocks noise and prevents freeze room.

Thermal insulation characteristics of this material are essential. No wonder he enjoys such great popularity. Judge - foam sheet thickness of 10 mm has a capacity for thermal insulation as masonry with a thickness of 30 cm.

The number and types of loops

Since the loops are the weak point of any, even the most reliable door, it is better that they are hidden. Such accessories will not leave a chance to even the most sophisticated attacker.

Manufacturers are constantly working to improve the sustainability and quality of these devices and offer unique patented design of hidden hinges.

The most reliable construction is obtained if, instead of the door hinges are fitted with special Anti-theft pins. Thick steel rods mounted on the end face of the web at the place where the hinges are usually located. When the door is closed the pins I stop in the hole formed in the door frame. The rods are locked, so that the possibility of removing blade is completely eliminated. Such parts may be at least 2, but it is recommended to set at least 5 pieces for greater reliability and stability of the structure.

Exterior and interior

Products are variations deaf webs. They can be made with a decorative design in the form of imitation paneled doors have fragmentary glazing. The outer side is usually made in dark tones restrained. It can be self-colored or mimic the texture of natural wood or stone. On the part of the dwelling product decorated with sheets of MDF, wood veneer trim, laminated or plastic slats.

Features lock pick

The degree of reliability of doors depends not only on the thickness of steel and concealed grid fitting. Cheap simple lock can nullify any advantages of high-quality design. The specialist will open a lock for a couple of seconds. It is desirable to equip the product is not one but multiple heterogeneous devices. At a minimum, there should be two. The main lock allows locking of the door in several directions using crossbars. Additional fixation devices may be more simple. The main thing is that they are not cheap - such locks are often jammed, broken, they are easy to open.

In order to improve the reliability of the castle you can set special bronenakladki.
The most reliable is considered a "child" of innovative technologies - biometric lock. To authenticate this device need only read information from the fingertips or iris. Such devices are able to memorize up to 99 prints. They have been successfully applied in systems of "smart home" and nullify the efforts of the masters of intellectual compromised. A home owner can control it at will - to open or restrict access to others. In case of an emergency similar to the shutter can be opened by a special key cylinder.

Additional protection

Devices that impede access to the locking mechanism provides additional protection to the door. Among them are:

Armor plate - Protects the pocket lock assembly. They do not allow drilling in the points fixing a lock body and shank. Armor plates made of 3 mm thick steel and is welded on the door during manufacture. In sum, the thickness of the outer sheet steel door leaf mounting pocket and the protective lining is as much as 7 mm, which is indicative of a high degree of security locking mechanism.

Bronenakladki - protected cylinder locks. There are different versions of these patches:

• overheads consist of two elements and are installed on both sides of the door leaf, after which the pins are connected;
• Mortice locks - installed on the cylinder crashing through the metal casing and the mounting pocket;
• magnetic - among them are the sliding and revolving. Sliding cover the keyhole. Remove them only by applying a special magnetic key. Rotary - virtually the same principle, only the protective cover is not shifted and rotated;
• code - a metal shutter prevents access to the locking mechanism. During the first phase of the introduction of open access to key into the lock, the next step - the opening of the locking mechanism.

peephole

Good hardware is very important for high-quality protection. And it's not just the hinges, lock and a variety of covers. Modern door must be equipped with a panoramic peephole with wide viewing angle. The apparatus may be periscopic. This item and the eyepiece lens are arranged at different levels. There bulletproof eyes to protect against attacks by armed robbers. The most convenient electronic systems which, like the video phone has a display and have the ability to record audio and video.

door-frame

To install a reliable door leaf requires a solid tamper-proof box. This is a special design that is not so simple as it seems. Manufacturers are constantly developing new versions of the boxes, allowing you to make the entrance to the house more and more impregnable. There is a double adjustable design, which allows the door closed virtually "merge" with the wall, to be with her in the same position. This technology requires the use of mesh-special "stealth". Hidden mechanisms are built retainer restricting the opening angle. This device is triggered automatically. the mechanism of the porch is also regulated. He determines the desired degree of pressing the door to the box. This ensures optimal abutment and effective blocking of noise, dust, odors, cold and drafts.

The dimensions of the front door

door dimensions depend on the size of the opening, the door frame, the number of folds and the established state standards.

Dimensions structures vary depending on the number of valves. There are single, double options, as well as additions transom.

Single door is a single sheet, mounted in a box. Do not install the door width more than 110 cm. Make a cheesy version of stylish and modern helps original design and aperture correction within GOST.

Two-leaf composition - popular version of the doors in a private home. The opening for it must be twice the standard size. The height, however, remains the standard. It looks quite respectable, but it requires much more space. As a compromise, you can choose sesquialteral doors with different-sized doors. The narrow part of most of the time remains fixed and open only when necessary.

Door with transom useful if the opening height is increased. This method allows the use of standard web height and the upper part to close the special insert.
Standard defines the standard dimensions of doors, regardless of their design features.

The main parameters identified GOST:

• The height of a standard door opening may vary from 2070 -2370 mm. The exact value of this parameter depends on the ratio of the height to the distance from floor to ceiling and door width.
• The minimum width of the door for the lumen inlet group - 900-910 mm. The maximum value for single leaf doors may be 1010 mm. The same indicator for a queen doors installed in three sizes - 1310, 1510 and 1550 mm. Recommended width of folding constructions - 1910 or 1950 mm.

By the thickness of the door products there is no specific guidance. It depends on the production of materials, the design features of the door, its internal filling. In addition, the wall thickness is taken into account and the box depth.

Standard solutions are good at model homes. Today, designers and then invent unknown before stylish solutions. When private construction GOST recommendations are not always relevant. That is why the front door in a country house can be any, the most incredible sizes. Dimensions future canvases are determined in situ by metering. Nevertheless, the excessive expansion of the parameters is not practical and appropriate. Therefore, the doors wider than two meters and a height of more than 2400 mm in the private dwelling is not recommended to install.

An exception can be made for a building that is used as a public institution or significantly exceeds the standard dimensions of construction.

Color and style

The main thing to consider when going for a new door - this is the style of your interior and architectural features of the building. It is difficult to imagine in a classic house door in high-tech style. Or in the Scandinavian interior design in the Baroque style.

The external appearance - one of the most important criteria by which we are guided, choosing a particular model. The product shall comply with the chosen design direction, combined with the color of the exterior of the house, walls, floor and ceiling, blend in with the window frames, baseboards, interior doors, furniture.

Variants with imitation wood picture can be called universal, because they are relevant in virtually any style. Decoration, executed in bright colors, ideal for modern classics, minimalism, country, maritime, Scandinavian, eco-style. Dark wood noble shades perfectly fit into the interior of the Baroque or Rococo. The effect of aged wood accentuate the atmosphere of Provence.

Wood texture will fit only in a high-tech. There are appropriate painted objects with glass and chrome inserts. hi-tech doors can be white, black, blue, red, glossy or metallic sheen.

To the doors fit perfectly into the interior, enough to match the color of the baseboards, trims or stairs. Combine webs with cupboards different shade help casings made in one color with the furniture structure.

Where the front door to be opened

• In Russia, most doors are opened to the outside, as it helps to free up space inside the vestibule and use it more efficiently. But it does not matter and the web may well swing open into the interior of the room, depending on the requirements of SNIP. door opening process should not be a reason hindered the evacuation of people from the building to the street in an emergency situation, so:
• open door does not block the entrance to the room and the neighboring apartments;
• extending at completely the open sash has not already been 1 m;
• doors, located opposite each other in the narrow corridor to be opened inward, so as not to interfere with each other to function simultaneously.

If these rules are followed, the process of opening is not critical and the change does not require official approval. But if the door is opened before the other side should warn neighbors about changes and utilities.

About manufacturers of entrance doors - advantages and disadvantages

Previously, it was not much of a choice - wealthy citizens preferred the products of European manufacturers mostly Italian and German, and more thrifty Chinese set available options. Today, this niche densely occupied by Russian companies. The lion's share of steel doors in the domestic market is produced in Russia - 90% of the offered range. By manufacture the latest European technology and components. Among the local representatives of the area leading large enterprises such as the ESTA, the Guardian, the Bastion, Toreks, Steel, Bars. In addition, there are many small businesses, offering products of decent quality. However, their collection is not so diverse.

10% of the market is divided between the major Chinese manufacturers as well as companies from Italy, England, Poland, Israel and Germany.

How to make an order in the shop door

When ordering the door you need to focus on the size of the inlet opening. The box should stay there without any problems. It is better, if it remains a bit of space, which will allow the structure to expose an upright position and secure with foam.

Warranty service

Make sure you have your warranty. It provides an opportunity to request free elimination of the defects found during unpacking, receipt and installation of the product.

The duration of the guarantee on the door leaf, lock and fittings can be different. Find out in advance this time to avoid surprises.

Warranties remain valid, if you abide by the rules of operation:

• lubricated at least once every six months hinges with a special compound - can be used grease;
• key is inserted into the hole until the end and gently rotate it;
• removed the key from the lock mechanism only after a full 360 degree rotation;
• We were not used to wash the corrosive and abrasive materials;
• provided protection door unit from moisture and sunlight;
• not repaired the door on their own and did not make any changes in its structure, which influenced the characteristics of the product;
• not trying to slam the door with extended bolts;
• Only use factory keys and did not use makeshift tools;
• not loaded handle lock weighing more than 3 kg.

conclusion

Front doors have always been the person at home. They ensure the protection of its owners, allowed to create comfortable living conditions. Today, the basic functions remain the same, but the use of modern technologies allows you to give input design new features.