Aluminum tubes - a hollow body having a square, round, rectangular, shaped or cut. Due to its advantages they are in demand in the metal market. Consider, as an aluminum pipe bend.
Methods of production and characteristics of aluminum tubes
Rental made in several ways:
- pressing of aluminum parts with a round cross section;
- cold deformation (hood, firmware, and calibration);
- on the principle of a stainless steel rolled: welding strip or sheet.
Modern technologies allow to produce cost-effective high-quality products. The main feature of aluminum - lightweight. Its density (ρ = 2.7 t / m³) more than 3 times smaller than ρ carbon steel (7.85 m / m). There are other advantages of non-ferrous metal:
- durability;
- high resistance to moisture;
- flexibility;
- plastic;
- frost;
- excellent weldability;
- high electrical and thermal conductivity;
- environmental friendliness;
- resistance to occurrence of rust.
One of the drawbacks of the aluminum parts - low strength. However, this property is compensated for by the ease of deformation of the metal without changing the essential characteristics. Excellent ductility allows you to design and build complex engineering solutions. For the production of the profile of aluminum alloys frequently used with copper, magnesium, zinc, and other metals. They are more durable, well tolerated variable power effects.
Aluminum tubes are not difficult to transport, loading does not cause complexity. Shaped tubes are inexpensive, easy to install.
Fields of application
Aluminum requires virtually no maintenance. Due to its advantages of metal pipes are widely used in manufacturing, construction and other industries:
- Manufacture of furniture, advertising, commercial equipment.
- Railings, fences, gazebos and other structures in the suburban areas and the adjacent areas of private houses.
- Agriculture. Due to the high water resistance and durability, aluminum metal is actively used during installation of drainage systems. Crops also have a negative impact on this metal.
- Bent pipe is used in the assembly of structures with a hinged facade.
- derricks elements constructed of aluminum parts. Due to the high bandwidth risk of congestion in the system is reduced to zero. Rolled metal made of aluminum for a long time, can withstand the impact of aggressive hydrocarbons.
- Laying of sewer systems. Wastewater et al. surfactants do not act on the metal in question.
- Parts of aluminum is often used in ventilation systems, since it is easy to create the desired configuration, it is easy to cut grinder.
Besides the above areas, pipes made of aluminum in the product fulfill a decorative function: lattice, window frames, wall paneling.
Important! Aesthetic attractive kind of metal is suitable for the manufacture of interior items.
bending complexity
For use of aluminum parts in the manufacture of furniture, decorative and other purposes it is important to them to bend. Despite the flexibility, the metal is unpredictable during deformation, especially in the hollow product. Difficulty of bending pipes and aluminum alloys due to many factors:
- Processing products in order to impart corrosion resistance increases the strength, but reduces the ductility.
- Tubular rolling, manufactured by hot extrusion and extrusion sensitive to bending stresses.
- Duralumin and Mn alloys have low ductility.
With this in mind, the preparation of the product to the subsequent bending is to determine the grade of the alloy and the conditions of his preliminary heat treatment. If there is no certificate for production, inspection is done the following ways:
- of marking on the end portions of the pipes, checking with a directory;
- tapping with a hammer on the details - the ringing sound indicates increased hardness of the material;
- soft alloys adhere to the file.
If duralumin hand rub product - it does not remain traces.
bending technology
The following bending technology:
- The initial workpiece processing on the pipe-bending machine mandrel with elastic, e.g., rubber.
- Bend pipe diameters up to 20 mm is possible for one transition using a device for the cold bending.
- If it is necessary to process more complex spatial contour or tube of larger diameter, the preform is preheated. Use rubber or composite drones.
- Reduction with tensile stress zone. For this purpose a moving roller.
Bending pieces in one plane may have the form:
- duck;
- staples;
- drain;
- Kalach.
Tube with two bends at 135º - duck, if the fold 3 (the central angle of the line, the extreme - 135º) - bracket in 45º - 135º - tap, and a semicircle - loaf.
Whatever the workpiece processing option is not used, the main thing - to avoid defects in the bending process. This is achieved by the correct choice of method and tool.
Use of equipment
Special arrangements are used for bending pipes. They are called benders and are distinguished by the principle of action. Apply tool can be and in the workplace, and at home. Processing exposed core and round tubes. There are benders:
- Spring. The bendable element before the process is put in the spring. Once applied to the workpiece or cold thermal processing method, in which a spring end removed.
- Lever or mechanism Volnova. The preform is placed in a special shape which corresponds to the predetermined diameter. The technology does not require heating of the tube. Bending occurs under the action of lever force.
- Crossbow. Harvesting strengthened in design, equipped with a bending segment. The apparatus carries out the punching tube.
Using a tool allows both bend and straighten the aluminum component of a different configuration and diameter. The risk of injury is minimal, virtually zero. The specialized equipment, such methods can be applied:
- pushing. The aluminum part is pushed between the rollers, one of which rejects it. The result is a bow-shaped bend with a small radius.
- hire. The pipe diameter of 1 to 10 cm is rolled between bending rollers. The size must exactly match the diameter of the preform. The procedure is carried out a three-roll tool in several passes. It performs folds into an arc shape, rings, spirals. With such a mechanism, it can be bent like a profile and a circular pipe.
- Forming. The process takes place by using dies, the bending part with the outside. Another option - hydroforming. In this case, the processing pipe therein pressurized water or oil is filled.
- obkatyvanii. For this method applies flow forming member bending tool, a bending piece molding. The process is not accompanied by heating. In areas of the product without pressure flexes in the opposite direction.
If the hand is not a special device, made of aluminum parts can bend without bending tool.
Treatment of products in the home without tools
How to bend the tube with your hands when the machine tool and is not, and impractical to buy? Machined parts at home or in the garage without bending tool is also possible, using the following methods:
- To reduce the brittleness of aluminum and power load, heat bend portion using a conventional gas burner. I understand that the item is ready to help deformed plain paper. It must be placed above the heated zone and wait until it will smoke - is a signal to start bending. Such a method is not suitable for anodized aluminum.
- To use the template processing a workpiece with the desired bending radius. It is easy to carve in wood impregnated with creosote. Original item, place on the template and carefully tighten. Take a rubber mallet and gently strokes give the necessary shape of the fold.
- The tube of aluminum with a small diameter (15 - 20 mm) can be treated without tools, putting the outer surface of a steel spring. In the interior of the parison pour sand and insert the metal rod. Grasp the ends of the rod, make a crimped pattern.
- Fill the tube with sand blank ends attach to the two reference planes. Rubber mallet shape bending in a zone on the weight. The method is well suited for workpieces with a rectangular cross-section.
Thus, if necessary, make repairs at home or on their own to produce an element of decor made of aluminum tubes, everyone will be able to bend his arms parts.
Recommendations on the implementation and common mistakes
Before starting the process of detail should be cleaned of dirt and dust. Do not use abrasive brush. Brushing should be careful not to tear off the oxide film.
Important! After bending the tube length may change. Therefore, the desired segment is formed after processing.
When using a gas burner to increase ductility, bending produce parts follows immediately upon reaching the required degree of heat, without giving it to cool. Do not treat pipes, curved along the entire length. This defect mean low quality products. In addition, the product must not be extraneous inclusions, burrs, chips, scratches, fractures.
