Decorating pottery monotone surface in order to improve the characteristics of the base has been used for several centuries, so the tiles for lining furnaces - the material is also not new. But today's range of tiles from domestic and foreign producers is so broad that the buy this material is easily mistaken by ceramics, not calculated on the basis furnish with a high temperature operation.
Therefore, we consider more types veneering ceramicsClassified as "tiles for stoves and fireplaces."
to the requirements for finishing ceramic heating units
Based on the operating conditions, the ceramic tile for lining of furnaces and fireplaces should have the following characteristics:
- thermal stability - 1000 ° C (specific requirements, the base application);
- Environmentally friendly - no harmful emissions in the cold and hot state;
- strength - the ability to resist common household mechanical stresses (impacts, pressure);
- acceptable coefficient of thermal expansion - up to 7x10-6 ° C-1 (7 thousandths of a millimeter per linear meter tiles while increasing its temperature by 1 degree), i.e., increasing the temperature to 100 degrees extension should not exceed 0.7 mm / m;
- optimum thermal conductivity - 1.2 - 1.5 W / (m ° C), the minimal value worsen heat greater than - increase the likelihood of burns on contact with the surface;
- resistance to household chemicals - maintain their properties and aesthetics with everyday care;
- low water absorption - up to 3% for causing frost and the above strength;
- aesthetics - to ensure the relevance of the material must have a sufficiently high level of artistic performance.
Inconsistency veneering ceramics to one of these requirements will entail a minimum loss of aesthetics oven finish, and as a maximum - the destruction of the lining after a short operation.
Forms suitable for finishing ceramic kilns
Despite the fact that for facing brick oven heaters is only heat-resistant ceramics, the range of such material is wide enough. Heat-resistant types of tiles are different levels of compliance with operating conditions, class decorative performance, durability, and, consequently, price. Consider the tiles, suitable facing Russian stoves and fireplaces, in descending order of the value of the material.
tiles
Alternative to traditional whitewash lime kilns for centuries been finishing tiles - teams of ceramic elements of box-shaped. Such cladding created an air layer between the heating housing and an outer decorative shell, making safe surface temperature and eliminates the possibility of burns.
Manufacturing and laying of tiles - complicated surgery, but qualitative result is so impressive heating efficiency and aesthetics that this kind of finish is the most expensive in our days. Each lined with tiles stove - a work of art, the creation of which costs are measured in hundreds of thousands of rubles, and finishing stages of a complex for an amateur performance.
Therefore, this technology is facing the heating device, in spite of the exceptional appeal, while not widely spread among the owners of private houses.
A natural stone
Of natural origin materials used for finishing stoves:
- marble;
- granite;
- limestone;
- slate;
- bottles.
All of these materials are characterized by high density and environmental friendliness.
To use a natural stone for cladding material for chopping or sawing elements certain size and geometry. The front side may be polished or have a raw texture.
The cost of finishing natural stone, except for rubble, is quite high, but the fireplaces, however, is faced even semi-precious stones:
- onyx;
- jasper;
- malachite;
- rhodonite;
- Talkomagnezit.
It can be seen in the example buta use that can be made highly artistic finish of the heating device, not only because expensive types of stone, with the risk of damage to the material will be minimal - its strength is very high, and the replacement of another fragment does not require costs.
Porcelain tiles
This material strength often superior natural stone has another name - Gress.
Gres produced by sintering at high compression of chips of white clay, feldspar, silica sand and colorant. The strength characteristics of the material obtained even allow for the flooring tile use of 6 mm.
Gress also has high thermal conductivity, due to its density. To reduce the temperature of the outer surface of the furnace, the tiles of granite placed not only on the resistant adhesive mortar, but the carcass by arranging a gap between the base and being lined finish.
The disadvantages Gressa It refers complexity of processing (cutting, drilling) and the limited color gamut of the material, as the high manufacturing temperature lowers brightness dyes.
Clinker
Paving ceramics, including, and its variety - Facing clinker goes back many centuries applications. The material is manufactured by extrusion with high-ductility shale subsequent prolonged tempering at a temperature of 1300 degrees. Plasticizers and colorants in the production of clinker is not used, so this tile has a natural color - over 100 shades of brown.
Produced two types of ceramic tiles - glazed and without icing. As the furnace tiles can be used both types - minute cracks in the glaze, which eventually manifest cyclical temperature fluctuation, does not spoil the aesthetics of the material.
Despite the relatively low thermal conductivity (0,45-0,6 Watt / m ° C) and the water absorption of 6% at a rate of up to 3%, use for clinker kiln finishing units, fireplaces, chimneys widespread because of the strength and aesthetics of the material, but the method of laying brick on these grounds shall not apply - only use heat-resistant mounting mixture.
Terracotta
As for the tiles registration furnace is also used ceramic and terracotta - facing material of burnt kaolin clay. Tiles has decorations and the front surface is made a thickness of 6 mm.
By way of firing terracotta divided into the following types:
- monokottura (monoporosa) - enameled material of one long firing performed with a gradual increase in temperature to 1200 degrees possessing high strength characteristics;
- bikottura - enamelled lining, held by two smaller duration of firing (to create a framework and after application of enamel to it) at a temperature of 1000-1040 degrees.
Important! Terracotta for finishing furnace for any purpose indoor applied monokottura - high strength material with a thicker than bikottury, a layer of enamel, and water absorption ratio of less than 3%. The packaging material of the present flame image with the number indicating the number of firings (desired number - 1).
Bikottura, due to the high porosity and water absorption in the vicinity of 10% can not be used for decorating fireplaces or stoves indoor humidity (kitchen, bath, shower).
A variety of terracotta is majolica - a material characterized by higher class her artistry. Besides domestic furnishing, majolica and used as a tile kiln, but identical bikotture only in dry rooms.
Terracotta cladding deposited on a heat-resistant adhesive with execution tile joints to be drawn after high temperature curing adhesive grout.
Important! Tile adhesive and grout must be acquired with high elasticity after curing to compensate for the difference in thermal expansion of the furnace and facing materials.
Have an understanding of finishing techniques fireplace tiles help this video:
conclusion
In modern conditions the increasing demands of everyday life, even in the villages rarely seen oven, simply whitewashed with lime mortar - Refractory tiles for stove available to a wide consumption, and the price of expensive types of ceramics often reflects only the high class artistic performances. Knowing the characteristics used for lining furnaces types of ceramic tiles, even from the budget, you can choose ceramic material that meets the operating conditions.
The main essence of the article
- Facing ceramic stoves and fireplaces - an opportunity not only to decorate these structures, but also to correct errors kamenschika- stove-maker.
- When choosing tiles for the stove, to set priorities: compliance with operating conditions (safety) - in the first place, aesthetics - in the second. Class ceramics decorativeness must match the architecture of the furnace and the destination.
- Trying to oblitsevat tiled oven in the usual self-defeating - tiles fly away after a few heating / cooling cycles.
