The issue of increasing the energy efficiency of buildings is now more relevant than ever in view of rising fuel prices. Therefore, new buildings and facilities operated insulated with special materials, able to minimize heat loss. This article discusses properties and characteristics of basalt wool, Also known as the insulation hut.
What is insulation hut
When selecting a heater one of the main criteria is the environmental friendliness of the material, because a long stay in the room with toxic finishes a negative impact on human health. In this regard, mineral wool insulation is unrivaled. However, most products of this category are highly hygroscopic, which makes insulation vulnerable to moisture exposure. This lack devoid of basalt, but rather a product made from it.
Cabin - is nothing like insulator made on the basis of basalt, gabbro. In addition to the basic raw material in the composition include: additives hydrophobicity imparting material and a binder of synthetic origin. The proportion of auxiliaries in relation to the basalt is negligible, therefore, safe to say about the environmental friendliness of the product at the outlet of production.
reference! Produced insulator hut in the form of plates. packing volume depends on the parameters of the material (0.18 - 0.36 m3). Number of plates contained therein is from 4 to 8 units (the determining factor - thickness product).
Choice of a heater, a suitable density and parameters overrun significantly reduces the material used and, consequently, financial investments.
Types and characteristics of thermal insulation material
Insulation produces several types, which enables developers to choose the most suitable option for a certain part of the design, whether it is the floor, the facade or roof. Technical characteristics of the materials of different categories are small differences that provide reliable thermal protection work area.
The assortment of products is represented by the hut of the following types:
- Light - is used for all types of roofing, to create floors with thermal protection beams, facades Ventilated system.
- Super Light - recommended use for attics, pitched roofs, ceilings, ventilation and heating system components, floors with beams.
- Standard - performs the function of heat and sound insulation in structures does not load any type of buildings.
- Facade - used to reduce the heat loss of exterior walls of the building, technical crosscuts, including fire, framing of door and window openings.
- Venti - mounted in facade systems with one or two layers of paving, framing and fire stations construction.
- Roof - is suitable for any type of roof structure, as well as floors in basements and underground garages, equipped in the house.
- The roof top - for roofing systems, assembled from reinforced concrete or metal.
- Roof bottom - is used to insulate roofing slab made of reinforced concrete or metal, and also for "floating floor" systems.
- Sandwich - is used as a layer in three-layer wall panels with metal cladding.
- Sandwich K - assignment is the same as the previous form, the difference in density products is the exponent (Class C - 90-120 kg / m3, class K - 125-145 kg / m3).
On the example of the table data can be accessed with the specifications of popular types of heaters hut.
| Characteristic chalet insulator | |||
| Species name / settings | Standard | super Light | Venti |
| Thickness, mm | in the range from 50 to 200 | in the range from 50 to 200 | in the range from 40 to 200 |
| Length mm | 1000; 1200 | 1000; 1200 | 1000;1200 |
| Permeability mg / m · h · Pa | 0,3 | 0,3 | 0,3 |
| Width | 500; 600 | 500;600 | 500; 600; 627; 1200 |
| Hygroscopicity in% (when fully submerged) | 1,5-3 | 1.5-3 | 1,5 |
| Density, kg / m3 | 42-65 | 27-32 | 65-95 |
| Thermal conductivity (at 10 ° C) W / m ° C | no more than 0,036 | no more than 0,036 | no more than 0,035 |
reference! All figures may be slightly error, informs the buyer about what the manufacturer in the technical documents and on the package label.
Advantages and disadvantages
Popularity insulator due to several advantageous characteristics, which is endowed with the material:
- Low thermal conductivity - in combination with high-density insulation securely holds the heat indoors even when severe frosts.
- Permeability - The indicator provides a smooth circulation of air insulated surface "breathe".
- Environmentally friendly - no toxic fumes eliminates the negative impact on human health of the insulator.
- Fire safety - stone wool is classified as non-combustible materials.
- Moisture resistance that is provided by low hygroscopicity. This allows the use of insulation for outdoor use and in environments with high humidity.
- The use of insulation at the stage of building a house on a foundation reduces costs due to the relatively light weight of basalt stone.
- High density, retaining the heat with a small wall thickness. Because of this property it is also achieved by a sound-proof effect.
- Resistance to temperature changes.
- Simple installation technology.
- Stove amenable to processing, it can be easily cut out, giving the desired shape.
- Inertness to chemical attack.
- Mineral wool is not of interest for rodents and insects in the operation can be calm about the attacks on their part.
- The composition of the material is resistant to microbiological processes, which means that fungus and mold with proper installation will not be distributed on the walls of the building.
The insulator has a long service life. Him with proper installation does not need to be changed before the end of use of the building during installation.
When choosing tiles hut for warming the entire structure or just parts of it must take into account the shortcomings of the material to during installation or operation to eliminate errors and troubles:
- Fragility of the insulator that occurs when a mechanical force on it during transport or installation. Damaged plate loses its properties, so you need to handle it carefully.
- Weight basalt slab unlike other mineral insulation more impressive.
How to use a heater hut
Insulation rightfully called universal. Due to the physical properties of its mineral and high performance are used for different types of work aimed at the creation of thermal protection:
- bearing walls;
- roof and attic;
- ceilings;
- sex;
- partitions;
- door and window openings;
- constructions of ventilation and heating systems.
mount technology, depending on which type of work may differ slightly. But in general, to create a thermal protection experts adhere to the following rules laying insulator.
- It insulates the surface is tested for the presence of serious defects. If there is damage to the structure, carried out repairs.
- If the installation is carried out on the ceiling or the floor, at the working surface lay waterproofing membrane (in the case of roof waterproof film is used).
- Of the timber, pre-treated with antiseptic, stuffed vertical frame rack. It is important to choose the wood materials of the same parameters as the thickness of the insulation. If the material is laid in two layers, then the beam width corresponds to the thickness of the insulating layer obtained.
- The transverse frame members are assembled in view of basalt stone sizes. It should go into the resulting cell tightly enough without unnecessary exposure to the insulator. Otherwise, its structure is damaged. Error considered gapping carcass sides to the insulation board, cracks will form cold bridges.
- Laid in cotton cells sheathe first vapor barrier film, after the sheet material (gypsum board, chipboard, OSB, etc.).
To create a heat shield to effectively perform its task, the insulator is recommended to get in authorized retail outlets, where you can always get acquainted with the sanitary certificate of conformity Cabin heater. Quality materials and competent installation predetermine the result of financial and labor costs.