Water supply water tender call system to consumers for the supply of drinking water and water for industrial purposes. An extensive network passes around settlements and provides the necessary outlets for the water supply in the private, apartment buildings and industrial facilities.
plastic water pipe system
Water pipes are divided into 2 types:
- outdoor;
- internal.
Internal systems are in residential and industrial type. External pass outside: under the ground and above it.
Outdoor water pipes are often exposed to external factors. They are wind, freezing temperatures, natural disasters. Freezing temperatures result in that the tubes freeze. This impedes them liquid and complicates the ability to consume.
types of polymers
Plastic electricity is made of polymer material, which is characterized by properties which have dependence on the kind of polymer:
- Polyethylene pipes. Used for external drainage type, they leak water for drinking and household needs of the population.
- PVC-pipe. It has a long service life, the use of relatively easy assembly and disassembly. After expiration recyclable.
- Profililirovannye pipe. Available combinations of polyethylene and propylene. The advantage of these products is considered to resist high temperatures.
- Helicallywound. Made on the basis of polyethylene hollow profile with walls. A feature of the application is considered for the purpose of free flow.
The advantages of using polymeric structures:
- high levels of tightness joints between the sections;
- resistance to corrosive processes;
- ease of mounting the water pipes;
- low cost;
- a long period of use;
- strong performance in relation to the effects of chemicals;
- no formation of salt deposits.
plastic water pipe freezing problem
The basis of all products - polymers that may be unstable to temperature indicators. Often, the problem faced by the staff of public services or the owners of private houses, are freezing outdoor plumbing.
To prevent the occurrence of such a problem, the owners of private homes are advised to anticipate such risks and avoid them. To do this:
- take into account the climatic conditions, the type of soil conditions;
- take into account the specifics of the local highway;
- to take measures for the protection of water supply from the low temperatures.
Plastic pipes are exposed to damage in mind the specifics of the material:
- inconsistency of quality of products, the installation of the product provided for internal use, under the earth;
- Use occurs exclude Performance material;
- use low-quality elements for connecting and bonding;
- rigid mounting that do not meet requirements;
- finding aqueduct in places where the track, increased load on the ground and has technical features.
The reasons for freezing
The main reason for that results in freezing winter pipeline becomes improper napkin products. This means that the pipes run to insufficient depth. If they lay above this mark, then the ground will freeze.
Projecting the gasket should be in accordance with the climatic conditions of a particular region. Examination and analysis of hydraulic works helps to know the possible placement depth.
There are special cases where the gasket at the depth specified by experts, is not possible. In this case, you should provide a heating system such pads.
Cause freezing becomes insufficient pressure in the pipeline. Low speed lead to icy outgrowth.
The diameter of the plastic pipe becomes a factor in the build-up. Too large a diameter contribute freezing due to lack of water flow, too small diameter leads to disruption with water and also causes freezing.
Checking the integrity of a plastic water pipe
To find a place of freezing and defrost it is necessary to determine the place where the frozen plastic water pipes:
- Pipes inspected. The physical properties of the water has the ability to expand when it freezes so the tube is wider at the point where there was freezing. Slug pushes the plastic, it increases in size.
- This method provides for partial dismantling of the pipeline. The site, which has access to, cut, spend a flexible cable in and crank it up to where it rests on the ice cap. In this way it is possible to defrost the plastic tap pipe which is underground.
- Possibility to bend the pipe over the entire length is not always feasible. If you can do this, then where it is found a frozen pipe, cracking occurs.
Methods defrost polymer pipes conducting water
Thaw independently underground water pipe are several available methods. This will require additional equipment, which can be used at low temperatures.
- Heating plastic pipe construction hairdryer. The disadvantage of this approach is that the plastic does not conduct heat. This means that the use of such means will not bring quick results.
- Exposure to hot heat. Pipe wrapped with a cloth and pour boiling water. This method helps to warm up the water and get rid of ice build-up in a plastic tube. To this end let water through the pipes. Selected maximum pressure is low.
- Start hot water. This is an internal way to defrost pipes. For him find the nearest place of the compound placed in the hole and to let the hose thereon hot water.
- The use of the steam generator. In place of the compound administered special sleeve a steam generator. The steam is supplied from the moment when the sleeve abuts against the stopper. The feed is carried out slowly and gradually increasing speed.
- The use of electricity. For this method will suit lay thick two-wire cable. At the same time it must be ensured that the wires are not connected in order to avoid closure. Wires to the point of congestion, include electricity. Thawing is slow.
- Cleaning the hydrodynamic machine. The method involves treating the place where the icy product pressure. As the plug is displaced and fracture decreases. Hose with nozzle propels it further. This method is effective, but requires a cash investment.
After work comes the next step: inspection and damage assessment. The house opens faucet lowered about a liter of water, the crane buried. This method makes it possible to heat the heating.
Under the joint portion, or on-site excavations, which managed to liberate from the ground, awaiting the appearance of water for 20-25 minutes. If the water appears, it indicates a damaged pipe, where ice was able to remove the plug.
In this case, you must:
- excavate;
- find the fault location;
- perform replacement portion.
If there is no water after half an hour, then it means that the site does not need to be replaced. It is necessary to insulate the pipes, then close the ground.
Damaged parts are repaired during the winter, given that the main work will be carried out under more favorable weather conditions. Places where the frozen pipe and there was a leak, cut out, replaced by a new strengthening special connections or fittings. Often welding is used, if the conditions allow it. After connecting portions water and allowed checked density compound. If the product were stripped of residual water, sand, foreign objects, and connections are secured in accordance with the standards, then the water will begin to function normally.
Prevention of water freezing in the water
The water in the water system does not freeze, it is necessary to take measures in advance or to repair the existing system in the warm season.
If in a private home is no regular use of water supply, the water drained, cranes overlap. Start performed gradually, increasing amounts of water used.
Builders and utilities experts recommend to take into account some aspects in the design, installation and use of water supply:
- Engineering detect levels of freezing in a particular region, stacking is carried out in accordance with these measurements;
- do not produce lining pipes for water near concrete constructions, which possess a high degree of thermal conductivity, thereby taking away the heat;
- for the installation of insulation materials used in those cases when the owners are confident that the freezing it is possible, it may depend on the climatic conditions of the region or from the impossibility of laying deeper than 2 m;
- used for thermal insulation pieces of foam, mineral wool, expanded clay, vermokulit, rags;
- places where there is entry into the distribution system of wells and living areas considered most vulnerable, so they insulated by means of a special case, the filling of which involves the use of a building such as foam, mineral wool;
- water pipes wrapped with special cables which connect to the heating system at low temperatures, frost strong winds;
- where water pipes are most susceptible to freezing, it is recommended to use products with thick walls, with a cross section of not less than 5 mm.
Unlike plastic water pipe metal structures have a longer service life. This is due to the physical properties of the metal water pipe. They are also prone to freezing for several reasons:
- Use for mounting different products with different terms of manufacturing;
- occurrence of corrosion within the tube;
- Using incorrect fasteners poor quality parts;
- rust condensate;
- salt type deposits inside due to the nature of physical qualities, causing an increased risk of ice formation in a weakened position.
After completion of the season, carry out the following activities:
- remove all the heating elements to prevent system overheating in hot weather;
- examine the system for identifying damage;
- The reconstruction, in order to prevent freezing in the future.
Proper planning and timely repairs to avoid problems with water freezing in the water and the lack of water supply.
If there was cork education inside or outside the water supply, it is necessary to take measures in order to warm the plastic pipe, and provide ways to protect the water supply system in the ground.
