Metal chimneys dismantling Compound sections, User manual

Today, the construction industry by 90% reoriented the production of chimney structures. Great demand for metal flues for heating systems.

Types, characteristics and installation of metal chimneys

During the design of the house, you need a responsible approach to the arrangement of design for the removal of smoke and comply with all building and fire regulations. Otherwise, steel chimneys will be ineffective and unsafe.

Technical characteristics of flue designs

Before you perform installation work chimney structures need to be familiar with their features.

Great demand for steel vent. They are durable and protected from external defects, corrosion-resistant. Great preference is given to pipes of stainless steel with the addition of dopant molybdenum, which protects the surface from flue acidic atmosphere.
The system configuration is suitable for all types of heating systems.
Compound circular sections of different diameters forms facilitates rapid conclusion of combustion products. a small amount of soot accumulated on the inner walls of the structure. It has easy assembly, maintenance and transportation.

During installation you need to pay attention not only on the size, but also in the flue system, of how many elements it consists of and what her height.

Benefits:

is not required for light foundation structure;
can be installed directly over the fireplace;
requires little space, at the chimney with Ø20 cm, the size of the outer walls is equal to Ø 30-35 cm;
resistant to precipitation and corrosive acids;
withstands the combustion ash;
It can be installed in homes inhabited;
quickly reaches operating temperature and the required traction.

Disadvantages:

if a long pipe is mounted a support structure;
not always suited to the roof structure and architecture of the house.

Properly chosen flue system does not affect the replacement of heating equipment.

Features and requirements of GOST

According to the building regulations and the aesthetic aspects of the home medium in size and is built one chimney system. The draft chimney house is positioned so that all heating designs that produce products of combustion are routed through the structure and displayed in one place. If the home area more than acceptable standards, the projected number of tubes.

Calculations produces engineering team that develops the design documentation. An important factor is the diameter of the pipe as it determines the draft in the chimney. It is assumed that it is a circular section. This allows you to quickly bring products of combustion into the environment. Specialists proved that the height of the tube must be ≥4 m. Since the length of the rod depends on the combustion products.

Requirements for the installation of chimneys

Primary requirements:

Design and installation work, installation of chimneys, carried out according to SNIP №2.04.50-91, adhering to, safety rules. Installation work must be carried out only if there is a certificate to perform this scope of work.
The diameter of the chimney design depends on the furnace capacity.
The height of the chimney must be ≥4 meters. It does not depend on the architecture of the building.
This is strictly vertical design. Deviation from the vertical axis can be 30⁰.
Not allowed horizontal sections of 1 meter. This worsens the cravings. Pipe on such portion must be raised to 5⁰.
To avoid condensation to flow, the locks must be mounted in the direction of motion of the condensate. The lower part of the top of the chimney is inserted into the upper portion of the lower pipe.
For its fixing with special ties or screws.
The individual elements are fastened chimney heat resistant sealant which withstands t = 1000 ℃.
To secure the step should be 1. 5 m.
For inspection and cleaning of chimney set auditing hatches.
To prevent moisture from entering the street, establish special molds, and for the repayment of sparks set the spark arrestor.

To avoid the fire, you need to use a non-combustible heat insulating material between the roof and the structure.

The content of alloying elements in steel grades:

AISI	GOST	Si	Cr	FROM	Mn	Ni	Ti	Mo
430	12X17	0.8	16	0.12	0.8	—	—	—
439	08X17T	0.08	17	0.8	0.08	0.6	1	—
304	08H18N10	0.08	17	0.8	2	9	—	—
321	08X18H10T	0.08	17	0.8	2	9	1	—
316L	03H16N15M3	0.6	17	0.03	0.9	14	—	2

In keeping with all the requirements, it is possible to ensure a comfortable and safe stay in the house for 15-20 years.

Kinds of metal chimneys, their field of application

Heating design set with chimneys that:

output the smoke out of the room;
prevent overheating and lighting designs;
create a natural draft, which diverts flow from the combustion chamber.

Note! For stoves, fireplaces, gas equipment used smoke-removing structure.

What are metal chimneys:

Single-wall. They are set as temporary bends for stoves in the bath. They do not have a heat-insulating material.
Dual Layer. They have a second name "sandwich". The structure consists of two tubes of different diameters, between which is the insulation.
Coaxial. It consists of two tubes of different diameter. They did not touch each other. For this purpose, a special jumper.

The construction industry produces a large number of various types of pipes:

Corrugated steel. Are used for chimneys, in which the fuel elements have a low combustion temperature. For example, for a gas heater.
Steel without dopants. When heating designs continuous operation is not advised to use them due to poor strength. However, if sufficient thickness of the pipe, it is set if there is a backup boiler.
Galvanized. In the material is bad corrosion and corrosive acid. He quickly burns through. Is set for non-permanent use, when the smoke gas has a low temperature.
Stainless steel. A material with alloying additives - molybdenum, chromium, nickel, titanium and other, has high strength. Chimney steel metal tube for heating high-temperature structures.
Sandwich chimneys. Metal pipe for chimney elements consists of, encased in the insulator (basalt wool) and enclosed in cladding of galvanized steel or stainless steel inexpensive. The entire structure is securely connected to the socket, or flanged Framing manner.
Seamless heat resistant. They are used in industrial or chemical plants. These tubes are capable of withstanding temperatures above 1200 ℃ with acrid smoke. Mark this steel 20H23N18. For domestic flues desirable that the composition of the steel included nickel alloying additive. It will protect the structure from sulfur compounds.

Metal pipe to the chimney, made of stainless steel is not cheap, but it has excellent qualities for the operation.

Stamps used steel wall thickness

For stoves, fireplaces, and other types of heating systems use different types of fuel - solid, liquid and gas. Exhaust gases discharged through steel chimneys, which are of different brands and have different wall thicknesses.

Brand stainless steel	AISI 321	AISI 304L	AISI 316L	AISI 304	AISI 309/ 310	AISI 316Ti	AISI 430	AISI 439
The wall thickness (inner tube), mm	0.6, 0.8, 1.0	0.8	30	0.8	0.8-1.0	100	1.0	0.8
Flue gas temperature, ℃	600-800	120-200	150-250	300	1000	450-600	to 900	to 850
Insulation thickness, mm	50-100	30-50	30-50	30-50	100	100	30-50	40-50

Characteristics of steel grades for chimney:

AISI 304 L	Material can withstand temperature fluctuations and other climatic effects. It has high anti-corrosion properties.
AISI 316 L	Dopants contribute to the acid resistance. Is connected to the diesel system.
AISI 304	Used for the manufacture of chimneys in a private house, which are connected to the gas equipment.
AISI 309/310	Used for stoves and fireplaces that run on solid fuel
AISI 316 Ti, 321	Steels which are often used for manufacturing dymohodootvodyh systems. They have high heat and acid-fast performance. They are the best choice for diesel and gas systems.
AISI 430	In a metal, a low carbon content. Used for the manufacture of sandwich pipes. It has high strength and corrosion properties.
AISI 439	This type of steel AISI 430, to which was added titanium. Metal corrosion-resistant and durable. Because it is made of sandwich pipes, that are used together with heating systems with low power (less than 3, 5 kW)

The modular design of the metal chimney is very important chemical composition of the material. Of alloying elements increases the strength, corrosion, hardness, ductility and ability to withstand shock loads.

Types of structures (internal and external)

The design of the chimney depends on the design features of the house, from heating equipment and of its installation location. The chimney is of two kinds: internal and external.

Internal.

Its installed inside the room, upstairs and output only of lightweight steel or metal chimney. To install the system, you need to perform additional work:

arrange the support of the chimney;
install the protective cover and so on.

Optionally insulate the inner chimney. Often insulated outdoor part of the system. Compared with the outer chimney inner tube assembly carries a certain risk for the residents. For example, a fire or carbon monoxide poisoning. Therefore, manual steel metal chimneys must be followed strictly!

Outdoor.

It addl chimney design, which is mounted on the outside of the house.

Basic elements of the tube:

connecting gas duct;
structurally supporting wall bracket;
audit;
main sections.

They are easy to install, they are safe and maintainable. Do not depend on the type of architectural space.

How to calculate the required height of the pipe section and

To calculate the required parameters of the chimney, it is necessary to adhere to the following requirements:

The cross section of a circular pipe. If the furnace or boiler for solid fuels, on the section of the chimney affects the volume of flow cell. At 1:10, 1 herein - refers to a chimney pipe section, and 10 - a combustion chamber resolution.
tube height exceeding 5 meters. The distance is measured from the output of the heating system pipe to the upper portion of the tube - tip. He has a kind of "umbrella-cone", "cone-deflector" warmed tip that protects the chimney and the roof is decorated.
The height of the outer portion of the chimney depends on where in the output pipe will be relative to the skate. If the pipe from the ridge located at a distance of 1.5 m, the height of the pipe should be not less than 0. 5 m. If the flue is 1. 5-3.0 m from the ridge, its height is the same as the height of the ridge or more at 0.1-0.3 m.

Note! The difference in temperature inside the heating system and from the street, as well as the height of the chimney draft effect on the combustion products.

The drawing and the schema

Before installing the chimney must first perform a standard project of the future tube. It will show the estimate of consumables, quantity and cost performance. Next performed diagram and drawing of the entire structure.

The design and installation of a chimney for a wood stove

building regulations

For proper installation of the flue system there SNIP - DBN 2.04.05-91 and B.2. 5-20-2001, which must be considered the system to work properly. The regulations describe the procedure for the installation work and the application of the principle.

SNIP 41-01-2003 - basic position of the ventilation and heating systems;
NPB 252-98 - systems that are designed for the processing of different types of fuel;
GOST 9817-95 - the technical requirements for heating equipment;
VDPO - technical requirements to the rules of repair of chimneys and furnaces.

Chimneys must comply with SNIP and operating authorization confirmed by a special test certificate.

FROMrock life

For the system to last longer, the question arises: what can wrap a metal chimney pipe? Insulating tube hydro- thermal insulation and fire:

foil insulating;
thermal;
sandwich pipes.

According to experts lifespan is 10 to 15 years.

Note! However, in reality the life of metal chimney construction is 5 years.

For the system to last a long time, you need time to carry out preventive work such as cleaning and diagnostics. Failure to comply could result in a fire situation or ugaraniyu people.

Mounting metal chimneys

During installation, you need to take care of fire safety: think, than to isolate the flue pipe through the wall? To isolate the ceramic mixture used, refractory paper LYTX-2368, CIP-2368, SUPERWOOL 607 paper, refractory mastic SUPERWOOL 607 HT MASTIC, KAOWOOL MASTIK, MKP ceramic tube and other insulation materials.

The technology of the installation work:

Install the flue system must be on the stove, moving up to the end walls. Starting top tube is inserted into the upper portion of the lower pipe.
In the joint between the chimney elements necessary to provide Audit window.
Joints, elbows, connection points, and other components are connected by collars, are coated heat-resistant sealant, up to 1000 ℃.
On the vertical pipe portion, fixing the distance should be ≥ 150 m, while the horizontal ≥ 100 cm.
Chimney systems pass through walls, ceilings and access to the roof. The hole diameter should be significantly larger than the diameter of the chimney. Pipe with a hole must not touch. For this cut a square metal plate. Take another pass beaker of stainless steel, which reinforced insulating material.
Finalizing the installation tip, it protects the structure from external precipitation and debris.

Rules for organizing the height of the chimney

When installing a tube independently can make a mistake in the calculation of the length of the chimney. In this case, you need to read the instructions attached to the equipment, or to consult with experienced Pechnikov.

Recommendations and common mistakes

If during the construction of chimney mistakes were made, it can lead to costly rework, intoxication or fire.

Basic five errors that may occur during the installation work.

It is not necessary to invent a configuration of pipes. The shape of the chimney must be cylindrical.
Not complied with the length of the horizontal sections. Their length shall be ≤ 1 m.
Do not skimp on materials. The pipe must be above the ridge to 0. 5 m. If the roof is flat, the height of the tube ≥ 1 m.
Do not use materials that are not intended for the tubes - asbestos, aluminum.
they should not be combined into one chimney system with an additional furnace or fireplace.

In order not to make mistakes, no harm will be familiar with the SNIP 41-01-2003 "stove heating."

Circuit chimney grounding

The role of the chimney is not only harmless combustion products into the atmosphere, but also in protecting people from electrical shock if lightning hit him. To avoid this, you need to use the RD 34.21.122-87 "Instructions for lightning protection of buildings and structures" and set the ground:

It is not necessary to erect, if the foundations of the chimney laid fittings, and in the presence of base podkolodnike any metal parts attached to the reinforcing bar. In this case, the chimney has already diverter.
To protect the structure from lightning, use a ground loop. ground loop norm is specified in SAE (rules electrical devices) p. 1.7.101, p. 1.7.103. It must be calculated and constructed from steel rods, pipes or fittings which have a circular cross section. ground loop has the form of an equilateral triangle with sides of ≥ 2 m. At the top of each corner of the need to drive a vertical support to a depth of 2 m. The distance between them should be not less than 1.5 m. When the elements will be in the ground at the bottom of the tube, they must be strengthened nuts, bolts or welding. Making the ground should be chosen longer support, the thickness of which is specified in the rules of electrical devices - Table 1.7.4.

Today sold presets (memories) to the ground at home - screens of armored cables, rebar or pipe design.

Terms care and cleaning of metal chimney

If the chimney to operate all year round, it can not do without cleaning the inner surface. Ventilation will operate smoothly and does not cause ejection of combustion products via flow chamber.

Cleaning soot

It is practiced twice a year. If the furnace is used for coniferous wood, it is recommended to make cleaning once a quarter. Clean flue system by chemical means and the special tool, which consists of steel fishing line with the load. At its end is fixed ruff with hard bristles. Ruff diameter equal to the inner cross section of the chimney. It is lowered from the top of the pipe. He takes away all the soot from the walls of the pipe.

Using chemical means, resinous Nagar removed naturally. To this end, means are laid out on the coals. When it burns, distinguished salt, which softens the soot, and it falls into the furnace, or flies out.

To soot is not settled on the internal wall of the tube, the furnace must be periodically used for aspen wood or potato peelings. Firewood burn well, and a large fire promotes combustion of soot. This method is used for structures, if they are suitable for a temperature more than 1000 ℃.

Repair the chimney

Repair of the chimney can be done in three stages:

Clean the flue.
Diagnose specific equipment.
Replace the problem element.

Dismantling a private house metal chimney performed on the damaged portion. Burned or damaged part of the pipe is replaced by a new one. Demolition chimney boiler is made by methods:

With rope.
Directed explosion.
With the use of specialized equipment.
With the help of robot manipulators.

Note! Burning potato peelings helps soften deposit. But it is considered ineffective. It is used before mechanical cleaning.

Flue system has a simple appearance, but has a very important function. Without it is impossible to imagine our environment. Common modular system provides a smooth inner surface and increase service life.