Sockets in the kitchen layout to be installed on all devices

The kitchen has a special role in the life of every human being. There are going the whole family, cook and eat, discuss the results of the past days. Accordingly, the room should be inviting and comfortable. Everyone defines for itself the level of comfort. It manifests itself in the rational use of living space, the style of the room, lighting properly selected, the availability of accessories, kitchen appliances, furniture.

Progress leads to acceleration of the pace of life, the appearance of the complex mechanisms that perform part of the manual work. Many things that were considered relevant a few decades ago, are outdated, but new, mostly electrical. This circumstance has led to greater power consumption, the shortage of available sockets. The increase elektrotochek in most cases due to the overhaul, holding of which begins with the project, taking into account various factors.

Regulations for the installation of sockets in the kitchen

Electrical outlets are used in every room of the house, apartments. They have a different electrical appliances. The kitchen equipment is used indoors, always in need of electricity a refrigerator, electric, hob, dishwasher, oven. Because of the increased danger in this residential area to the location of outlets are being very responsible, based on the following regulations:

• GOST 7397.0-89 (Common specifications for switches);
• GOST 7396.1-89 (main dimensions plug connectors);
• GOST 8594-80 (Common specifications for the boxes of circuit breakers, sources with concealed wiring);
• SNP 3.05.06-85 (electrical devices).

Of the above list, we consider the main points on which you need to first pay attention in the preparation of the plan:

1. Free access. power source is set so that the distance between the appliance does not exceed one meter.
2. Safety. For each power device is necessary to conduct a separate line. installation height should be greater than two centimeters from the floor. It wants to exclude the possibility of any liquid. Elektrotochki installed outside the reach of children.
3. Proper planning. It should provide an additional power, which in the future can connect the necessary devices. The design should avoid the possibility of wiring pads near the pipeline, ventilation, water supply.

bystroraznimaemogo connection socket used to power the hood, it must be placed under the ceiling. In this case, it can not hide behind the corrugations establish closer than two feet from the window.

Calculation of electrical power

Before starting repair work, at the time of design, should decide on the number of used electrical appliances, also consider options for the installation of additional elements in the future. This will allow to calculate the cross-section Route the cables, the number of electrical outlets, wiring methods. For each individual device power figures are individual, depending on its type, class, manufacturer. However, as an example, you can use the average values ​​on which to make the necessary calculations to do the groundwork for the ultimate load by increasing the core diameter.

Table of average energy consumption of cooking appliances:

Name	power, kWt	Working hours minutes per day
oven	2	60
electric range	10	120
Washer	2	90
Dishwasher	2	72
Water Heater	2	120
Fridge	0,3	420
freezer	0,3	420
Electric kettle	2	10
microwave	1	15
blender	0,2	10
extract	0,3	30
Food processor	0,5	20
Coffee maker	0,8	12
Toaster	0,8	10

The main burden creates large machinery, which should provide a separate lead. In the calculations must take into account the ability to connect all elements simultaneously, including taking into account the use of additional items such as a laptop, television.

What cable to choose for wiring

The calculation of power consumption of all electrical appliances, it is possible to proceed to the choice of the type of cable products, the definition of the required cross-section conductors. For this use the data from the table of allowable currents.

Aluminum cables for a long time is not used for wiring in private homes and apartments. It is better to use a more expensive, highly reliable copper wires. At the same diameter core they can withstand heavy loads, have a lower resistance, do not break. This is especially true for the kitchen areas, consuming up to half of all electricity in the house.

cable cross-section mm²	laid open	Placed in the tube
Current loads, A	power, kWt	Current loads, A	power, kWt
220	380	220	380
Cu	Al	Cu	Al	Cu	Al	Cu	Al	Cu	Al	Cu	Al
0,5	11	—	2,4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
0,75	15	—	3,3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
1	17	—	3,7	—	6,4	—	14	—	3	—	5,3	—
1,5	23	—	5	—	8,7	—	15	—	3,3	—	5,7	—
2	26	21	5,7	4,6	9,8	7,9	19	14	4,1	3	7,2	5,3
2,5	30	24	6,6	5,2	11	9,1	21	16	4,6	3,5	7,9	6
4	41	32	9	7	16	12	27	21	5,9	4,6	10	7,9
5	50	39	11	8,5	19	14	34	26	7,4	5,7	12	9,8
10	80	60	17	13	30	22	50	38	11	8,3	19	14
16	100	75	22	16	38	28	80	55	17	12	30	20
25	140	105	30	23	53	39	100	65	22	14	38	24
35	170	130	37	28	64	49	135	75	29	16	51	28

Popular types of kitchen outlets

Proper planning, placement of electrical outlets, compliance with all the requirements properly during installation will create a functional space. Appearance kitchen space can accentuate the right choice of the appropriate type sockets. Manufacturers offer a lot of options, among which are the models of the following types:

• False. Mounting and dismounting is carried out with a minimum expenditure of time and money. The best option when installing new powerful electrical appliances when not enough available capacity, and the complete renovation makes it impractical. Not popular, spoil the general view of the kitchen units, sometimes interfere in the process.
• Corner. A very convenient option. Intended for installation at the juncture of the two surfaces, the walls and kitchen cabinets, countertops. The products have an elegant, original design. They are made mostly of plastic, are available as single and modular model.
• Drawer. Characterized by aesthetic qualities. Manufactured units have extra outlets for charging, connecting different accessories. The design according to the location are divided into horizontal, vertical. Easy to use. You can embed into countertops, walls, even the floor. If necessary, connect mechanism, just click on the housing cover, after which the unit extends smoothly. Among the shortcomings can be identified inconvenience connection side of plugs to the perpendicular relative to the floor installations.
• Hidden (recessed). Enable secure workplace. Located in cabinets, boxes, table tops. Save space. Used as additional points. Divided into single and double (rarely used in practice) model.

Scheme outlets placing

Proper location of electrical outlets depend on correctly preparing the plan. Planning must be performed on the basis of the finished kitchen design that will help to avoid problems in the future, for example, the outlet can be closed by a refrigerator, an oven. To avoid this, make an accurate installation, kitchen furniture plan is taken, which made notations. They can be made by hand, following general rules:

• Positioning elektrotochki should be in accessible places, in the event of replacement, repair, cleaning equipment, it was easy to be disconnected from the power supply.
• You must start counting with major and embedded household appliances, which are set for a long time, their movement is not planned in the near future. Do not install the outlet in the kitchen directly behind the technology, it is better to place them side by side on a wall to hide behind the walls of the adjacent cabinets.
• For simultaneous connection of cookers and ovens are not allowed to use the double connectors.
• Installed on top, hidden, angular design are used to connect small appliances: kettle, blender, toaster, grinder.

Determine the amount of

Calculate the total number of rooms required for the kitchen outlets will not be difficult. This is the power of making each independently. It suffices to use simple arithmetic to calculate the number of electrical appliances used to determine how many need elektrotochek:

• Electric stove;
• Fridge;
• water heater;
• Dishwasher;
• extractor hood;
• Washer;
• Electric kettle;
• microwave;
• Additional apparatus (blender, coffee, juice extractor);
• Other components (TV, auxiliary lighting).

Performing a count of all items, add the stock, it is necessary to increase the amount received by a quarter. At the same time increase the cost of work, but in the future, when new devices that do not require laying additional wiring, which is not always possible.

How to determine the placement and distance

Having defined the pre-circuit, making the calculation of the required number, go to the question and the location of the indentation outlets. This requires an accurate detailed drawing of a kitchen, plan it established specific dimensions of objects, depicting them in the form of geometric shapes. For correct positioning of the connectors is desirable to adhere circuit composed of three levels:

• Lower. Power points are set at a height of 30 cm above the floor. They have a large electrical appliances.
• Average. Designed to connect to the main part of the equipment. Above the work surface can be positioned outlet and switch to a height of 20 cm.
• Upper. Installation begins at 2 meters. The main purpose - energizing of the hood, additional lighting.

Based on the recommendations earlier calculations, you can proceed to the transfer elements on the wall sweep. certain rules should be followed for each appliance.

for refrigerator

Manufacturers are advised to place rosette unit directly under the bottom product, the hidden point. This is necessary to ensure that the plug will not interfere with other equipment. Such an arrangement is inconvenient, difficult access to the connector. If the equipment is scheduled for frequent shutdowns, it is better to make the installation on the working area level. However, it should also take into account the design of the appliance:

• Freestanding model. May be installed directly behind the refrigerator, but in practice it is more convenient to indent to either side by 5 cm. This will provide a free approach to disable the device, it does not have to move if necessary.
• Built-in options. Installation height varies between 20-75 cm, indent away - up to 20 cm. Best location - adjacent enclosure.

for drawing

Much depends on the type and manufacturer of the product. For low-cost models of open type provides a direct connection when the cable starts and is connected via terminal blocks. The method is not suitable to perform unsecure such installation. Turn off the power is much more difficult. It requires additional calculations to place the wiring terminal.

The second option involves the use of a fork. In this case, sockets mounted on a height of 2-2.5 m. If the vent tube is closed locker, then most suitably arranged inside elektrotochku, departing from the chimney 20 cm. With this arrangement, often use special blocks, supply additional lighting.

For cooking surface

To install a powerful connection can be made directly, via a special power outlet. In this case, it is sure to set the RCD + shield machine. The second option is more convenient, if necessary to disconnect the device, for example, during wet cleaning, it is enough to pull out the plug.

With a direct connection is required to perform the correct supply cable. When energized through the fixed connector is necessary to define the place for him. Optimum height from the floor must not exceed 90 cm. It is also forbidden to establish podrozetnik at the same level as the panel. Its output to one of the parties. If a surface is the oven, installation is performed below his level.

It is not recommended to perform the installation close to the floor. Flooding, leaky water pipe can lead to unpleasant consequences.

oven

In contrast, hobs, ovens fitted with standard forks. When connecting them sufficiently presence stationary electrical point. The main thing - to its own separate line has been provided for each installation.

If the cabinet is located under electric, the optimal height from the floor to the outlet is 15-20 cm, thus, the same distance is selected with indentation to one side. In the case of free-standing structures located at chest level, elektrotochku can be installed in the bottom of the cabinet placed at a height of up to 75 cm.

for dishwashers

The installation of the equipment linked to utilities, namely the cart and water drainage pipes to the sewer. Therefore, the technique is in the immediate vicinity of the sink. According to the regulations placed on the outlet under the sink or unacceptable, also prohibited for the subject under consideration. The smallest leak can lead to short circuits and fire.

Connection can be made directly from the panel, but not necessarily through a bunch of RCD + machine. If the power goes through the plug, the accommodation at the optimal location will be standing next to the cabinet, it will serve as an additional protection. You can do the installation on the wall, retreating from the floor to a height of 20-40 cm away from the appliance is not more than one meter.

For washing machines

As well as a dishwasher, this technique refers to high-risk devices. It requires the presence of underwater communication and diversion. Connection principle as sewerage, and power, is identical to the above example.

The most convenient way to use both objects in pairs, when they are located on opposite sides of the sink. If that is not possible, you can pick up a compact model of the dishwasher and place it on top of the washing. In this case, you can perform the alignment elektrotochek at the same level.

For the work area outlets and over the worktop

The largest number of stationary connectors located above the working surface. They feed on small appliances. On stage it is necessary to pay special attention to this point planning. You need to consider in advance which technique will be used. Subsequently, such action will make the process of cooking comfortable.

The height of the table top may reach 90 cm above the floor. Above it is a partition, whose distance from the upper cabinets is 60 cm. It is this gap is used for the placement of sockets, there need to be distributed. Corner models can be installed at the junction of any two surfaces, with a space from the gas cleaning device and 50 cm (this applies to the wall socket). Drawer options are installed in the working plane. For structures disposed on the wall of the indentation countertop up must be more than 5 cm. Consideration should be given the presence of built-in appliances, situated in the upper cabinet, for these products is better to use the hidden point.

How to mount sockets

Installation depends on the model. The simplest is to install external options. The principle of operation is the external cabling from the panel to the marked place on the plane elektrotochki installation, which is simply attached to the wall surface with screws. This choice spoils the interior of the premises.

For internal installation sockets principle fundamentally different. In this case, the process is as follows:

• On the wall surfaces, kitchen apron made according to the drawing markings marked point locations of all nodes are applied for the wiring lines of copper cable.
• Using shtraborez, hollowed groove in the wall of the planned lines, which subsequently laid wiring, plaster smeared.
• In places elektrotochek location using the punch with a round nozzle hole made in them podrozetnik set to be a good fix, and then is put into it wiring.
• Further, the socket is fixed to the conductors by means of phase contacts, installed in the Escutcheon, check operation.

editing features built into the countertop outlets

The installation procedure is simple, it can be done by hand. There are horizontal and vertical models. The first are the most popular, but less practical, the second is not provided to connect the side forks. However, despite the different design, installation for both mortise similar options is as follows:

• Before starting work, de-energizes the necessary site protection can be further wear special rubber gloves.
• For designs of the vertical type is selected corresponding to the diameter of punch tip which is drilled a hole in the countertop. Horizontal species require rectangular holes, which can be done using a drill and jigsaw.
• Setting the socket into the prepared place, it must be secured with clips, screws and other fasteners.
• The mains connection can be made using a conventional plug, cable routed separately.
• At the final stage can only test the functionality of the product.

Recommendations for wiring and machines

Depending on the chosen appliance power cable section. Depends on its diameter, a maximum current can flow through wires without causing overheating. To select the optimum cross-section, you can use Ohm's law and other rules of electrodynamics.

For example:

1. For 220 Volt
   I = (L1 + L2 +... + Ln) / 220, where:
   I - current strength;
   (L1 + L2 +... + Ln) - total power for all devices.
2. For a network of 380 volts
   I = (L1 + L2 +... + Ln) / √3 / 380.

Using these formulas can be simplified count, here is considered a standard load value, the rate of Cu is 10 A / mm², and for Al - 8 A / mm². To make exact calculations, it is necessary to take into account the length of the cable, the resistivity, the power correction index allowable load value.

The best option for devices with consumption to 3.5 KW three-wire copper cables would be from 2.5 mm² to 16 and automatic And, if the total consumption reaches 7,2 kW, the used cores with a diameter of 6 mm², a plate 32 mounted on machine A.

Kitchen, bathroom and how - a room with high humidity, so in front of each machine installed RCD. Sockets should be grounded, conform to protection class IP 44, be made of ceramic. To a large powerful consumers held a separate line.

What mistakes should be avoided

The accuracy of correctly executed assembly work is very important. From this security depends. Due to the inexperience of many mistakes, especially when everyone is doing their own hands. There are minor issues that can lead to a maximum of inconvenience during the operation, but the rough - are fraught with serious consequences. To avoid this, consider the most common mistakes:

• You can not perform wiring until a clear plan, with a detailed drawing of all kitchen items.
• For many home appliances manufacturers are making a ban on their connection to the network through portability. Therefore it is necessary to make accurate calculations, calculate the cable length where the unit elektrotochki, object width, consider the direction of the cord outlet location.
• It is recommended to use a RCD or differential machine for any line. However, there are times that these are not placed even for objects that are directly related to water, such as water boiler, washing machines, dishwashers.
• Particular attention should be paid when selecting a location for the socket, it must comply with all regulations. A common mistake is to install them under the sink, near the gas pipe, above the hob.
• At a height of 25 cm above the floor level is usually in the wall of water make the wiring as a sink or dishwasher removed from the common sewer. Not knowing the exact location, it is better to establish electrical connections to European standards at a height of 30 cm.

conclusion

Manufacturers produce a large range of products represented by different models. If you correctly pick up the items that match the style of the room, we can emphasize the interior of the room. For installation, you must create a drawing, to accurately calculate the cable cross section, find the optimal place to perform the correct installation and wiring. The work can be done independently, but in order to avoid errors and inaccuracies, it is better to entrust to specialists.