Fine water filter

Nowadays, much attention is paid to the quality of water consumed, because tap water coming inautonomously into the house from a well or a centralized water supply system, contains a lot of mechanical impurities. They slowly destroy a person, increasing the burden on the body, shorten the life of almost all household appliances. In an effort to please consumers, manufacturers have saturated the market with a variety of types and types of purification systems, including a fine water filter. In the article we will tell you how the fine water purification is carried out and advise how to choose a modern fine filter for sanitary ware.

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Basics of coarse and fine water purification

The process of water purification using special devices is called filtration. All pollution in the water can be divided into chemical compositions and physical dimensions. Of course, completely purified water will not be ideal, as it lacks the necessary mineral elements, but the excess of harmful different chemical compounds in the water is unsafe.

That's why there is a need for filters with different properties.

Rough cleaning

Installing a coarse filter in a hot and cold water supply system can significantly reduce the amount of mechanical impurities, sand, rust, abrasive particles and insoluble suspensions.

Basically, such systems are implemented in the form of a grid of stainless steel or non-ferrous metal, which also detains impurities of a larger size than the diameter of the grid cell.

Important! The principle of operation of such filters is uniform, but they differ in the type of the main element, the form, the method of cleaning and the method of tapping into the water pipe.

Fine water purification

By installing a fine filter, you will get excellent water quality, without organic compounds, chemical elements, heavy metal compounds, odorless and even without some microorganisms.

The production of water of the required quality is made by fine filters. The very fine filter of water consists of the body and the main working element.

The material from which the body of the device is made affects the cleaning process and the properties of the resulting water. The options can be:

• Sorption material( aluminosilicate or activated carbon).
• Reverse osmosis membrane.
• Ion exchange resins.

Important! Filters must be periodically changed. The frequency of replacement of cartridges is usually indicated by the manufacturer and depends on the time of use, on the volume of water passed.

The fine filter can be installed as a general water supply system, cleaning water for all tenants, and for a separate branch of the system. You can install a stationary filter and provide cleaning only with drinking water in the apartment.

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Characteristics and features of operation of fine filters

To properly select a fine water filter and correctly install it, consider the following:

• These instruments are very sensitive to pressure drops.
• Devices are sensitive to temperature changes.
• Such devices need regular maintenance.
• Fine filters have a limited service life.

In addition, consider the following when installing:

• It is strictly forbidden to break the integrity of the bulb and the cartridge containing the active material.
• The fine filter must be installed only after the pre-cleaning device has been installed.
• Install the system as close to the consumer as possible so that there is no re-contamination of the water.
• Do not use appliances designed for cold water, cleaning hot, as they are not able to withstand high temperatures.

The cleaning system is always selected for a specific purpose. Of course, all the water supplied to the house, cleaned to the state of drinking is inexpedient and economically not profitable. Usually, the following conditions are met:

1. The most common mesh or bulb main filter can be installed on the inlet pipe of hot or cold water to get rid of large particles and impurities.
2. If you need potable purified water, then use a multi-stage fine cleaning system, and output a separate tap for its supply.
3. To protect plumbing, fine-cleaning filters can be used that reduce the hardness of water.

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Mechanical cleaning filters

For cleaning with low requirements, filters that detain various impurities are suitable. The options can be as follows.

Woven filter

The device is a cylinder with a rope wound around it or a rope wound around it. Cleaning occurs in a layer of material that retains foreign particles, insoluble crystals of salts and metal oxides. A tissue filter of fine cleaning is used for plumbing.

Advantages of the tissue system:

• Versatility.
• Low cost.
• Acceptable service life.

Important! Most additives are contained in hot water, since such additives allow water to be as long as possible hot. Therefore, if you notice that the drum tissue has changed color, the device must be cleaned or replaced. To do this, fill it with water and boil until it turns white.

Filters of sorption type

The device is a mesh cylinder that is filled with mineralized crumb. Such a device protects against chemical salts and various compounds. Some types of aggregates are a complex of sorbents based on activated carbon and aluminosilicates. Purification is carried out at the level of interaction of various particles with the crystal lattice of the filler.

Zeolite and schungite are also used in the same way:

1. Zeolite is widely used in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment systems. It is a proven reagent.
2. Shungite is a relatively new mineral aggregate and its properties have not been fully investigated.

Important! Such filters have a significant resource, but they also need to be changed, if there is a deposit on the walls. Restore the working properties of the device for a while by flushing.

Application

Fabric or mesh filter for plumbing with high throughput, install at the entrance to the private water system of the private house. It will reduce the load on other cleaning devices installed on other parts of the network or on household equipment.

Filters with ion-exchange resins

Such a fine water filter allows to significantly reduce its rigidity. The main working element is a container inside which there are granules of an ion exchange resin. The flow of water passing through the granules washed them, as a result, a reaction occurs to replace calcium in the salts with sodium. Sodium salts do not cause sedimentation on the walls of pipelines, as well as on the walls of heating appliances.

The body of the product is made of plastic or steel.

Important! The efficiency of ion-exchange systems depends on the composition of the water, the room temperature and the quality of the ion exchangers. The effective service life of such a filler is limited and depends on the volume of water being passed. The workpiece must be replaced with the cartridge.

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Multi-stage systems - ultra-thin cleaning

Sometimes several types of filler are used in the filter unit. Through them, the water to be purified is successively passed-such a system is called a cascade or a cascade filter. In such a multi-stage system, after mechanical cleaning, water treatment with ultrathin cleaning elements is carried out.

The working components are made of various materials capable of solving the problem of separation of harmful compounds. In addition, they differ according to the principle of influence on the impurity:

• The first stage - responsible for cleaning water from mechanical impurities. As a result, the water becomes transparent.
• In the second stage, water passes through the ion-exchange cartridge. As a result of such cleaning, the chemical composition of water changes: all petroleum products, iron, chlorine, pesticides and nitrates are removed. When boiling, this water does not form scale on the walls and heating elements of electrical appliances.
• The third stage of cleaning provides pressed activated carbon, which condenses the water flow. As a result, drinking water becomes perfectly clean and crystal clear, acquires a pleasant taste and smell.

Important! Install a three-liter system under the sink. The interior of the kitchen will not suffer, and to remove the purified water, install an additional crane on the sink.

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Reverse osmosis filters - molecular purification

Modern technologies have made it possible to create the most perfect fine water purification system. The reverse osmotic filters represent a thin-film semipermeable membrane whose pore sizes are only 0.0001 microns.

Only a molecule of water is able to penetrate through the pores of the membrane, therefore it is not surprising that the transmitted tap water is cleared of 99% of the impurities.

Important! Before the water enters the fine filter, it undergoes several degrees of purification, otherwise - such elements would quickly fail.

Action

High level of cleaning allows you to remove not only dissolved contaminants, biological residues, but also pathogenic bacteria. Reverse osmosis systems pose an insurmountable barrier to all harmful substances contained in water, such as:

• Magnesium.
• Mercury.
• Arsenic.
• Strontium.
• Nitrates and nitrites.
• Asbestos.
• Cyanides.
• Fluoride.
• Lead.
• Iron.
• Chlorine.
• Sulphates.
• All kinds of bacteria.
• Viruses.

Principle of operation of

Such perfect cleaning occurs due to five steps:

1. The first stage is a mechanical cleaning cartridge from impurities and suspensions( 15-30 microns).
2. At the second stage, activated charcoal comes into operation, which removes chlorine, chlorine compounds and gases.
3. At the third stage, there is a fine water purification( 1-5 microns), as well as post-treatment with pressed activated carbon.
4. In the fourth stage, the reverse osmosis method works.
5. The coal post filter finishes work.

Important! The membrane filter is not installed on the supply pipelines, since it works as an independent element of the system. The performance of such a device is low, since it is associated with the duration of the cleaning process, but the service life is significant and significantly exceeds the operating time of other systems.

Cons

The drawbacks of this system are:

• High price.
• Replacement of the membrane that has worked out its term is also worth more than all other filters.
• As a result of cleaning, useful substances are also withdrawn, although some models of plants are additionally supplied with mineralizers and ionizers.
• The pressure in the plumbing system must be at least 3 atmospheres.

Important! If your water supply system has a water pressure of less than 3 atmospheres, you will purchase a reverse osmosis device with a pump.

We use water daily, without it we can not imagine our life without it. But the quality of water consumed depends on our health, the condition of the skin and hair, as well as the durability of household appliances. Therefore, use water purification systems to get rid of many problems, but do not forget to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and operating rules - change the filters in time. Healthy and crystal clear water to you!