Bagaimana cara mengasah pisau dengan benar?

Kitchen of the 21st century is distinguished not only by stylish furniture, modern appliances, but also by high-quality kitchen utensils. One of the main components of the hostess kit, without which no one can manage, despite all the blenders, meat grinders, kitchen combines - these are cutting knives. Without a well-ground knife, cooking will turn into a tiring event. In this article we will tell you how to sharpen knives correctly, and what tools and tools are used for this.

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Why are the blades dull?

The shape and purpose of the ancient object - the knife, has not changed over many millennia. It still consists of a sharp blade and a comfortable handle. They differ only in the material of manufacture and finish. Therefore, the principle of how to sharpen knives is the same for any model.

Important! Even among the ancient Slavs, the knife was not only an important object in the household, but also protected them from evil spirits, participated in various conspiracies and vows. The knife presented to the child symbolized the transition to adulthood. Each father showed his son not only how to correct the knife, but also how to handle it, how to make a cover for it. And today knives are not dissolved in the kitchen environment, they are collected and made an important detail of the kitchen, buying unusual holders and coasters. No povareshki and shoulder blades are not honored with such attention. Proper sharpening of kitchen knives is a matter of honor for any owner, it's not for nothing that they say: "Sharp knives in the kitchen are a good host in the house."

The knife loses its sharpness in the process of friction of the blade against the surface of a solid object. When cutting from the blade, microscopic particles of steel come off. Simply put, the blade is simply erased, which is the reason for the question of how to sharpen knives properly.

Standard causes of blunt knife:

1. If you often cut meat in which bones are present, the blade will need sharpening almost daily.
2. Often the tools are blunt with the owners, who cut the products on stone countertops, without using a cutting board. Therefore, to not rule the knife daily, use a board. The most optimal for the blade is a wooden board. Glass, ceramic, plastic blunt the blade.
3. If you use knives to cut solid objects at a right angle, the blade will be blunted much faster.

Important! The angle of inclination of the knife depends on the hardness of the steel - the harder the blade, the greater the angle of sharpening.

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Who and what should knives sharpen?

In the modern kitchen industry knives, as well as the safe storage of tools attached great importance. A whole industry branch is working on the production of various sharpeners - from simple disk to high-tech electric.

Important! Despite all the stereotypes that only men should deal with the sharpening of the tool, any woman can cope with this matter. Our century of rampant automation has usted us from manual work, because many things can be ordered in special workshops or bought ready. But knife sharpening is one of those skills that all must master at least because:

• this skill will help to always contain cutting tools in perfect condition, without spending money and time on the march to the masters-grinders;
• you can save on the regular purchase of new tools;
• such skill will lift you in the eyes of others.

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Before you start

First of all, you must distinguish between two concepts: sharpening and editing the blade. Only after you understand what exactly you need, it will be time to begin to decide how to sharpen knives properly.

Blade Editing

Edit - a minor finishing of the blade to get a better quality sharpness. Use the correction is necessary if the knife is not very blunted. For straightening suitable:

• grindstone;
• sandpaper;
• ordinary ceramic dish;
• musat - a special tool, similar to a round file( comes with knives).

Sharpening of the

blade Sharpening is a more thorough and time-consuming work with the blade. Applicable in case the tool has finally lost its sharpness.

Important! Sharpen knives better in advance, and not when you need to cut a salad. Qualitative and uniform sharpening takes time and patience. In a hurry, you can even get injured.

For sharpening use:

• grindstone;
• sharpening machine;
• special electric sharpeners;
• diamond sharpener.

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Define the angle of sharpening

We need to know not only the technology of how to sharpen knives correctly. The angle of sharpening is very important for kitchen knives: to make the grinding uniform, the angle must be unchanged during all work.

On the question of what angle to sharpen, experts usually recommend an angle of 20-25 between the blade and the plane of the grinding bar, or any other abrasive material. In the case of diamond sharpener and with the use of other electrical and special equipment, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer's recommendations.

Important! Tools for properly sharpening knives, very much. Which tool will be more relevant and convenient for you, choose for yourself, based on how often your kitchen helpers are dull and how skillfully you master the application of special equipment.

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Grinders

A high-quality sharpening device is practically an eternal thing. A bar or grindstone can serve for years, passed down from generation to generation. Surely in the bins of your kitchen cabinet is stored a bar left by his grandfather.

It's the easiest way to sharpen knives with a bar. In addition, it is the most convenient and universal way, as it can be used not only in the usual city kitchen, but also in a country house, a hike.

Important! Such a tool is very compact, and knowing how to properly sharpen knives with a bar is not something secret or complicated.

Stick with the bar simple recommendations:

1. For work at hand it is desirable to have not one but two grinders. The first - should have a fine-grained structure, and the second - coarse-grained. One bar is used for grinding, and the other for grinding.
2. Before sharpening the knife, moisten the blade with water( or special mineral oil).

Sharpen the knives with a bar as follows:

1. Place the bar on the table horizontally( the stone must have the correct geometry and lie flat).
2. Take the knife by the handle. Put the fingers of the second hand on the blade.
3. Slowly and evenly move the knife along the grinding tool, observing the angle of inclination 20-25.Do it in one direction, for example from yourself.
4. Process each side of the blade for 5-7 minutes.

Important! Fix the grindstone on a flat surface to sharpen the knife, keeping the same angle of inclination at all times. Place the blade transversely. It is recommended for a more even grinding to wet the surface of the bar with a few drops of oil, and the blade with water.

Additional secrets

The bars come in different shapes and different grain sizes. The larger the grain, the more metal is removed from the blade. Sharpening will be quick, but rough enough.

Therefore it is recommended:

• First, sharpen the knife with a coarse-grained bar, and then use a fine-grained bar.
• Use the grinding bar twice, after re-sharpening, use any leather product, for example, an old belt whose back side resembles a suede. Such an object will provide the most optimal grinding of the blade.
• Grind the blade in order to remove the burrs.
• The surface should be flawless and smooth. This will give durability to sharpening.

Important! A good solution is a universal bar whose faces have different grain size

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Mechanical sharpeners

Tools are used for sharpening kitchen knives and household scissors. Advantages include ease of use and low cost.

Important! If you sharpen knives using this method, the quality of the grinding is not high: the blade becomes sharp very quickly, but it also dies even faster, so use different methods for sports and hunting blades.

Device

A conventional mechanical sharpener is a device with several metal circles that have notches. Circles in a plastic or metal casing are installed.

Important! Among the varieties of this device, the best is a diamond sharpener for knives, that is, with diamond dusting on discs. With it, you can achieve better grinding with a minimum of effort.

Sharpening the knife with a sharpener

It's very easy to sharpen the knife with a sharpener for knives:

1. Insert the blade into the slit hole of the tool and pull it with effort.
2. Repeat the procedure several times until the desired sharpness of the blade is achieved.

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Electric sharpeners

Electric tools are becoming increasingly popular, as, in contrast to their mechanical "brethren", electronic devices grind and grind the knives not only for the kitchen, but also for hunting and sports. In this case, they automatically determine the optimum angle of sharpening and can be used for both straight and wavy blades.

Important! Applied electrotool also for screwdrivers and scissors.

Application

This device is useful to those housewives who have a variety of knives in the kitchen.

It is very easy to use an electric sharpener:

1. Switch on the appliance.
2. Insert the blade into the slot.
3. Take them back and forth several times.

Pros

The power tool can quickly restore even a very blunt blade and maintain tools in excellent condition for many years. If the knives are properly sharpened with an electric toothbrush, you will get an excellent quality of the cutting edge.

The only negative - you can not sharpen the instrument with the sharpness you need, since the instruments are tuned to the universal form of sharpening. Previously, similar devices were used in restaurants, cafes, and today they are available to everyone.

Important! The electric sharpener is an excellent gift for the hostess: with the help of such a device, she can always keep her instrument in excellent shape without resorting to outside help.

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Musates

These tools, similar to round files, are designed for straightening the cutting edge of a knife. With the help of moussat support the sharpness of the blade without sharpening.

Important! It can be sold separately or included in the kit along with the kitchen kit.

The most commonly used moussat for dressing kitchen knives, constantly in use.

Device and types

Musat is a steel strip with two faces: it resembles a file by function. There are different types of musata:

• faceted;
• diamond;
• are round;
• ceramic;
• metal with frequent incisions.

Sharpen knife with musatom

To properly sharpen a home knife with musat:

1. Place the end of the instrument on the table.
2. Several times, swipe the device with a blade.
3. Perform actions several times, changing the side of the blade.

Important! The optimal angle of sharpening is 20-25 degrees to the plane of the file.

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How to sharpen a knife without tools?

If you find yourself in a situation where there are no tools at hand, for example, on a campaign or on a visit, and sharpen the blade - "a matter of life and death," then use simple tools with our tips:

1. You can sharpen the knife with any stone,including the cement block or brick: move the blade in circles on the surface of the stone or the edge of the "sharpener", observing the correct angle. The procedure is the same as when working with a grindstone.
2. You can refresh the blunt blade with sandpaper.
3. The back of the ceramic cookware is also used for sharpening the knife at home. Ceramics are slightly harder than metal, so this method will help sharpen the blade no worse than a bar, but this procedure will take an order of magnitude more time.

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How to evaluate the sharpness of the blade?

Sharpening the knife is necessary until it becomes sharp. To check how well you managed to cope with the task in several ways.

Method 1

The easiest and safest way to test the sharpness of the blade is to cut a sheet of paper into a weight. A sharp blade will easily cut any paper. Ideal is the sharpening, in which the blade dissects the paper along a perfectly flat line or cuts the hair from the hand.

Method 2

For kitchen needs, a weaker sharpening is also suitable. In this situation, you can check the severity of any vegetable or fruit. For example, put the blade on a tomato and gently pull on yourself without exerting pressure. If the blade is sharp, the blade will easily enter the vegetable.

Method 3

You can also assess the sharpness with the naked eye: Bring the blade to the light. If the blade has a glare along the length, this indicates that there are blunt areas on the blade.

Method 4

A simple thread, fixed in the vertical position, can estimate the correctness of the grinding: a sharp knife can easily cut this thread.

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Knife types that do not need sharpening

If you do not want to think about how to sharpen knives in the home at home, get self-sharpening tools.

Knives with a magnetic layer

To sharpen this type of knives can not be for one simple reason - the special metal layer of the blade includes a magnetic alloy. The surface of such a product remains acute for a long time.

Important! Sharpening a kitchen knife with a magnetic alloy will lead to deformation of the surface layer, quick wear and loss of the pristine sharpness of the blade.

Ceramic Knives

Such kitchen utensils are made of ceramics and are honed on special machines. Positive quality is hardness( the blade is capable of cutting the toughest objects).

Important! The blade of such a knife is somewhat worse than the model with a diamond coating. The minuses of ceramic products is their relative flexibility. The knife can be easily broken, and the blade can be bent. Falling from a height to the floor for such a knife is equivalent to hammering the blade.

Knives with toothed end

Toothed tools are made of hard wear-resistant steel, so they have increased strength, protection against deformation. Such products cut cheeses and sausages much better, but not all products are conveniently cut with such blades.

Important! With their own hands, such knives can not be imprisoned, since the teeth will be damaged and their uniformity is disturbed. For grinding ceramic or toothed knives professional grinding machines are recommended. This method is used in special workshops or at knife manufacturing plants .

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Useful advices:

1. Although knife sharpening is a man's job, we hope that thanks to our advice and recommendations, any woman can handle this process.
2. In order not to get hurt and properly sharpen the blade, perform all actions deliberately and slowly.

Theoretical knowledge on how to properly sharpen knives and other sharp objects you now have plenty. We advise you to apply them to acquire professional skills and skills in practice. We hope, in spite of the fact that knife sharpening is a "man's job", following our advice, any girl can cope with such a task.